PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study aimed to determine changes in energy and nutrient intakes over three consecutive days, including the day of the shift, and the days before and after the shift, in healthcare workers working in a 24 h shift system. This study is an observational follow-up study conducted with a total of 500 volunteer healthcare professionals. Food consumption records were taken over 3 consecutive days: pre-shift (off day), shift day (24 h shift), and post-shift (off day). Mean daily intakes of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, saturated fat, caffeine, vitamins B1, B2, niacin, B6, folate, and B12, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc are listed from highest to lowest as shift day > pre-shift > post-shift (p < 0.05 for all pairwise comparisons). While fiber, vitamin C, and calcium intakes were similar on the shift day and pre-shift day, they were significantly lower on the post-shift day (p < 0.05). The lowest dietary reference intake percentages on the post-shift day were calcium, fiber, and folate, respectively. In the present study, significant differences were detected in the energy, micronutrient-intake, and macronutrient-intake levels between the pre-shift day, shift day, and post-shift day of healthcare workers. Awareness should be increased regarding the decreased nutrient intake seen especially on the first day after a 24 h shift, and appropriate precautions should be taken to increase calcium, fiber, and folate intake levels.
摘要：
这项研究旨在确定连续三天的能量和营养素摄入量的变化，包括轮班当天，以及轮班前后的日子，在24小时轮班制工作的医护人员中。这项研究是一项观察性随访研究，共有500名志愿者医疗保健专业人员进行。连续3天进行食物消费记录：班前（休息日），轮班日（24小时轮班），和轮班后（休息日）。平均每日能量摄入量，碳水化合物，蛋白质，脂肪，饱和脂肪,咖啡因,维生素B1，B2，烟酸，B6，叶酸，和B12，钾，镁，磷，铁,和锌从最高到最低列出为轮班日>班前>班后(所有成对比较p<0.05)。虽然纤维，维生素C,轮班日和班前日的钙摄入量相似，他们在轮班后的日子显着降低（p<0.05）。轮班后最低的饮食参考摄入量百分比是钙，纤维,还有叶酸,分别。在本研究中,在能量中检测到显著差异，微量营养素摄入，以及轮班前一天之间的大量营养素摄入水平，轮班日,和医护人员下班后的一天。尤其是在24小时轮班后的第一天，应提高对营养素摄入量减少的认识。应该采取适当的预防措施来增加钙，纤维,和叶酸摄入量。
