Abstract：
It is not clear whether the brain can detect changes in native and non-native speech sounds in both unattended and attended conditions, but this information would be important to understand the nature of potential native language advantage in speech perception. We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) for changes in duration and in Chinese lexical tone in a repeated vowel /a/ in native speakers of Finnish and Chinese in passive and active listening conditions. ERP amplitudes reflecting deviance detection (mismatch negativity; MMN and N2b) and attentional shifts towards changes in speech sounds (P3a and P3b) were investigated. In the passive listening condition, duration changes elicited increased amplitude in the MMN latency window for both standard and deviant sounds in the Finnish speakers compared to the Chinese speakers, but no group differences were observed for P3a. In passive listening to lexical tones, P3a was increased in amplitude for both standard and deviant stimuli in Chinese speakers compared to Finnish speakers, but the groups did not differ in MMN. In active listening, both tone and duration changes elicited N2b and P3b, but the groups differed only in pattern of results for the deviant type. The results thus suggest an overall increased sensitivity to native speech sounds, especially in passive listening, while the mechanisms of change detection and attentional shifting seem to work well for both native and non-native speech sounds in the attentive mode.
摘要：
尚不清楚大脑是否可以在无人值守和有人值守的情况下检测到本地和非本地语音的变化，但是这些信息对于理解语言感知中潜在的母语优势的本质很重要。我们记录了事件相关电位（ERP），以重复的元音/a/在被动和主动听音条件下，芬兰语和汉语母语使用者的持续时间和汉语词汇语调的变化。研究了反映偏差检测（失配负性；MMN和N2b）的ERP振幅以及对语音变化（P3a和P3b）的注意力转移。在被动聆听条件下，与中国人相比，芬兰语使用者的标准和异常声音的持续时间变化在MMN延迟窗口中引起幅度增加，但P3a没有观察到组间差异。在被动听词汇声音时，与芬兰语相比，中国人的标准刺激和异常刺激的P3a幅度都增加了。但各组在MMN方面没有差异。在积极倾听中，音调和持续时间的变化都引发了N2b和P3b，但是这些小组仅在异常类型的结果模式上有所不同。因此，结果表明，对本地语音的整体敏感度提高，尤其是在被动倾听中，而变化检测和注意力转移的机制似乎在注意力模式下对本地和非本地语音都很好。
