身体活动和正念技术,比如锻炼和KapalbhatiPranayama,众所周知,对健康和福祉有积极影响。然而,有限的研究直接比较了它们对生理和心理参数的影响。这项研究旨在调查和比较运动和KapalbhatiPranayama对心率变异性(HRV)和脑电图(EEG)活动的影响。阐明他们对整体健康和心理健康的贡献。这项研究是在博帕尔的全印度医学科学研究所(AIIMS)进行的,印度,从2018年到2022年。在两个月的时间里采用了前瞻性介入设计,涉及20名BMI正常且无呼吸或心脏病的参与者。排除标准包括肺部或心脏疾病,吸烟史,体力活动时呼吸困难,踏板水肿,还有高血压.对KapalbhatiPranayama干预进行了监督,并将其限制为5分钟。HRV之前使用HRVBrainTapNeuralchek机器进行评估,during,在Kapalbhati之后.为了锻炼,对20~50岁的健康志愿者进行了轻度强度循环方案.HRV记录之前,during,锻炼后。EEG分析显示脑电波模式发生了显着变化。在基线,参与者表现出更高水平的三角洲,theta,阿尔法波,表示放松和平静的状态。在锻炼过程中,β波显著增加,δ减小,theta,阿尔法波,反映了大脑活动和警觉性的提高。在Kapalbhati之后,β波水平仍然升高,而三角洲和θ波抑制更明显,这表明对大脑的刺激作用类似于运动。β和γ脑电图波的变化可以归因于运动强度等因素,持续时间,频率,以及运动和卡帕尔巴蒂过程中内啡肽的释放。HRV分析显示对运动和Kapalbhati的反应不同。运动导致HRV参数显着降低,以心率增加和时域HRV测量减少为特征,与身体活动期间典型的交感神经系统优势保持一致。相比之下,Kapalbhati对HRV参数的影响较温和,心率的微小变化和时域HRV测量的细微变化。Kapalbhati期间的高LF/HF比率表明了对交感神经系统的潜在刺激。需要更全面的研究来证实这些发现,并了解Kapalbhati对HRV和心血管健康的长期影响。这项研究有助于了解运动和KapalbhatiPranayama如何影响健康的认知和心血管方面。它强调了两种干预措施都能增加大脑活动和警觉性,但Kapalbhati可能有更强的效果.运动显著降低HRV参数,表明交感神经系统占优势,而Kapalbhati具有较温和的HRV效应。对更大和更多样化的人群进行进一步的研究对于确认和扩展这些发现至关重要,通过量身定制的运动和KapalbhatiPranayama方法,提供优化认知功能和心血管健康的见解。
Physical activity and mindfulness techniques, such as exercise and Kapalbhati Pranayama, are known to have positive effects on health and well-being. However, limited research has directly compared their impact on physiological and psychological parameters. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of exercise and Kapalbhati Pranayama on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Electroencephalogram (EEG) activity, shedding light on their contributions to overall health and mental well-being. The study was conducted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in Bhopal, India, from 2018 to 2022. A prospective interventional design was employed over two months, involving 20 participants with normal BMI and no respiratory or cardiac conditions. Exclusion criteria included lung or cardiac diseases, smoking history, dyspnoea during physical activity, pedal edema, and high blood pressure. The Kapalbhati Pranayama intervention was supervised and limited to 5 minutes. HRV was assessed using the HRV Brain Tap Neuralchek Machine before, during, and after Kapalbhati. For exercise, a mild-intensity cycling protocol was performed on healthy volunteers aged 20 to 50. HRV was recorded before, during, and after exercise. The EEG analysis revealed notable changes in brain wave patterns. At baseline, participants exhibited higher levels of delta, theta, and alpha waves, indicating a state of relaxation and calmness. During exercise, there was a significant increase in beta waves and a decrease in delta, theta, and alpha waves, reflecting heightened brain activity and alertness. After Kapalbhati, beta wave levels remained elevated, while delta and theta wave suppression was more pronounced, suggesting a stimulating effect on the brain similar to exercise. The changes in beta and gamma EEG waves could be attributed to factors such as exercise intensity, duration, frequency, and the release of endorphins during both exercise and Kapalbhati. The HRV analysis demonstrated distinct responses to exercise and Kapalbhati. Exercise led to a significant reduction in HRV parameters, characterized by increased heart rate and decreased time-domain HRV measures, aligning with the typical sympathetic nervous system dominance during physical activity. In contrast, Kapalbhati\'s impact on HRV parameters was milder, with minor changes in heart rate and subtle alterations in time-domain HRV measures. The high LF/HF ratio during Kapalbhati suggested a potential stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. More comprehensive research is required to confirm these findings and understand the long-term effects of Kapalbhati on HRV and cardiovascular health. This study contributes to the understanding of how exercise and Kapalbhati Pranayama affect both cognitive and cardiovascular aspects of health. It highlights that both interventions increase brain activity and alertness, but Kapalbhati may have a more potent effect. Exercise significantly reduces HRV parameters, indicating sympathetic nervous system dominance, while Kapalbhati has milder HRV effects. Further research with larger and more diverse populations is essential to confirm and expand on these findings, providing insights into optimizing cognitive function and cardiovascular health through tailored approaches of exercise and Kapalbhati Pranayama.