Abstract：
The iris is a unique structure, with exquisite variations in colour and form. Pathological changes, specifically including iris cysts and tumours are relatively uncommon, difficult to diagnose, and yet potentially blinding or life-threatening. Based on a comprehensive literature review, with highly illustrated key case examples, this report aims to guide the clinician in filtering the differential diagnoses of iris cysts and tumours. Evaluation is in the context of key diagnostic clinical tools and management considerations. Diagnostic imaging techniques include serial anterior segment photography, ultrasound, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, and iris fluorescein angiography, however, the roles of computerised topography and magnetic resonance imaging are also considered in this review. Management includes categorisation in terms of solid iris tumours (melanocytic vs. non-melanocytic), or iris cysts (primary vs. secondary) that may be usefully differentiated by clinical assessment, avoiding more invasive interventions. Cystic lesions are generally benign, although implantation cysts in particular cause significant complications and surgical challenges. Most solid tumours are melanocytic and also typically benign. However, in larger lesions, rapid growth, symptoms and complications more likely indicate malignancy, requiring further investigation.
摘要：
虹膜是一种独特的结构，颜色和形式的精致变化。病理变化,特别包括虹膜囊肿和肿瘤是相对罕见的，很难诊断,还可能致盲或危及生命。在全面文献综述的基础上，有很好的关键案例例子，本报告旨在指导临床医生过滤虹膜囊肿和肿瘤的鉴别诊断。评估是在关键诊断临床工具和管理考虑因素的背景下进行的。诊断成像技术包括连续眼前节摄影，超声，眼前节光学相干断层扫描，和虹膜荧光素血管造影,然而,本综述还考虑了计算机地形图和磁共振成像的作用。管理包括实质性虹膜肿瘤的分类(黑素细胞与非黑色素细胞），或虹膜囊肿(原发性vs.次要)可以通过临床评估进行有效区分，避免更具侵入性的干预。囊性病变通常是良性的，虽然特别是植入囊肿会引起严重的并发症和手术挑战。大多数实体瘤是黑素细胞性的，通常也是良性的。然而,在较大的病变中，快速增长,症状和并发症更可能表明恶性肿瘤，需要进一步调查。
