关键词： 2ryERM A T-helper cell that expresses high levels of IL-17 which can suppress T-regulatory cell function A cytokine expressed early during inflammation that attracts neutrophils A cytokine expressed early during inflammation that attracts neutrophils, sometimes referred to as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)) A mouse model that lacks functional T and B cells and used to study the immune response A pigmented mouse strain used for research and known to mount a primarily Th1 response to infection A protein encoded by the ADGRE1 gene that, in mice, is expressed primarily on macrophages A strain of pigmented mice used in glaucoma research ACAID APCs ASC An albino mouse strain used for research and known to mount a primarily Th2 response to infection Antigen Presenting Cells, this class includes dendritic cells and monocytes BALB/c BM C57BL6 CCL2 CD45 CNS CXCL1 Central Nervous System Cluster of differentiation 45 antigen DAMPs DBA/2J EBM ECM EMT ERM Epithelial Basement Membrane F4/80 FGF2 HA =hyaluronic acid HSK HSP HSPGs HSV ICN IL-20 IL6 ILM IOP Inner (or internal) limiting membrane Interleukin 6 Interleukin-20 MAGP1 MHC-II Major histocompatibility complex type II, a class of MHC proteins typically found only on APCs Microfibril-associated glycoprotein 1 N-cad N-cadherin NEI NK National Eye Institute Natural killer T cells PCO PDGF PDR PVD PVR Platelet derived growth factor Posterior capsular opacification RGC RPE RRD Rag1-/- Retinal ganglion cells Retinal pigment epithelial cells SMAD Sons of Mothers Against Decapentaplegic, SMADs are a class of molecules that mediate TGF and bone morphogenetic protein signaling T-helper cell 1 response, proinflammatory adaptive response involving interferon gamma and associated with autoimmunity T-helper cell 2 response involving IgE and interleukins 4,5, and 13, also induces the anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 family cytokines T-regulatory cell TG TGF1 TM TNF Th1 Th17 Th2 Transforming growth factor 1 Treg Tumor necrosis factor a cytokine produced during inflammation VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor WHO World Health Organization anterior chamber immune deviation anterior subcapsular cataracts basement membrane damage-associated molecular patterns epiretinal membrane epiretinal membrane secondary to disease pathology epithelial-mesenchymal transition extracellular matrix fibroblast growth factor 2, also referred to as basic FGF heat shock protein heparan sulfate proteoglycans herpes simplex virus herpes stromal keratitis iERM idiopathic epiretinal membrane intraepithelial corneal nerves intraocular pressure mTOR mechanistic target of rapamycin, a protein kinase encoded by the MTOR genes that regulates a variety of signal transduction events including cell growth, autophagy and actin cytoskeleton posterior vitreous detachment proliferative diabetic retinopathy proliferative vitreoretinopathy rhegmatogenous (rupture, tear) retinal detachment trabecular meshwork trigeminal ganglion αSMA α−Smooth muscle actin, a class of actin expressed in mesenchymal cells

Mesh ： Eye Injuries / immunology pathology Fibrosis Humans Immunity Inflammation / pathology Lens, Crystalline / pathology

来  源：   DOI：10.1016/j.trsl.2021.05.005   PDF(Sci-hub)   PDF(Pubmed)

Abstract：
The eye is regarded as an immune privileged site. Since the presence of a vasculature would impair vision, the vasculature of the eye is located outside of the central light path. As a result, many regions of the eye evolved mechanisms to deliver immune cells to sites of dysgenesis, injury, or in response to the many age-related pathologies. While the purpose of these immune responses is reparative or protective, cytokines released by immune cells compromise visual acuity by inducing inflammation and fibrosis. The response to traumatic or pathological injury is distinct in different regions of the eye. Age-related diseases impact both the anterior and posterior segment and lead to reduced quality of life and blindness. Here we focus attention on the role that inflammation and fibrosis play in the progression of age-related pathologies of the cornea and the lens as well as in glaucoma, the formation of epiretinal membranes, and in proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
摘要：
眼睛被视为免疫特权位点。因为脉管系统的存在会损害视力，眼睛的脉管系统位于中心光路之外。因此,眼睛的许多区域进化了将免疫细胞传递到发育不全部位的机制，损伤,或对许多与年龄有关的疾病的反应。虽然这些免疫反应的目的是修复性或保护性的，免疫细胞释放的细胞因子通过诱导炎症和纤维化损害视力。对创伤性或病理性损伤的反应在眼睛的不同区域是不同的。与年龄有关的疾病会影响前段和后段，并导致生活质量下降和失明。在这里，我们将注意力集中在炎症和纤维化在角膜和晶状体以及青光眼的年龄相关性病变进展中的作用。视网膜前膜的形成，和增生性玻璃体视网膜病变。
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