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Abstract：
Tuberculosis (TB), which is caused by bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, is one of the oldest diseases known to affect humans and a major cause of death worldwide. Tuberculosis continues to be a huge peril disease against the human population and according to WHO, tuberculosis is a major killer of the human population after HIV/AIDS. Tuberculosis is highly prevalent among the low socioeconomic section of the population and marginalized sections of the community. In India, National strategic plan (2017-2025) has a national goal of elimination of tuberculosis by 2025. It requires increased awareness and understanding of Tuberculosis. In this review article history, taxonomy, epidemiology, histology, immunology, pathogenesis and clinical features of both pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has been discussed. A great length of detailed information regarding diagnostic modalities has been explained along with diagnostic algorithm for PTB and EPTB. Treatment regimen for sensitive, drug resistant and extensive drug resistant tuberculosis has been summarized along with newer drugs recommended for multi drug resistant tuberculosis. This review article has been written after extensive literature study in view of better understanding and to increase awareness regarding tuberculosis, as a sincere effort that will help eliminate tuberculosis off the face of the earth in near future.
摘要：
结核病(TB),它是由结核分枝杆菌复合体的细菌引起的，是已知影响人类的最古老的疾病之一，也是全球死亡的主要原因。结核病仍然是对人类的巨大危险疾病，据世卫组织称，结核病是继艾滋病毒/艾滋病之后的人类主要杀手。结核病在社会经济水平较低的人群和社区的边缘化人群中非常普遍。在印度,国家战略计划（2017-2025年）的国家目标是到2025年消除结核病。它需要提高对结核病的认识和理解。在这篇历史评论文章中，分类法，流行病学,组织学,免疫学,已经讨论了肺结核（PTB）和肺外结核（EPTB）的发病机理和临床特征。已经解释了有关诊断方式的大量详细信息以及PTB和EPTB的诊断算法。敏感的治疗方案，已经总结了耐药和广泛耐药的结核病以及推荐用于耐多药结核病的新药。这篇综述文章是在广泛的文献研究之后撰写的，目的是更好地理解和提高对结核病的认识。这是一项真诚的努力，将有助于在不久的将来消除地球上的结核病。
