Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a behaviorally defined complex neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by persistent social communication and interaction deficit. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a promising and emerging tool for the intervention of ASD by reducing both core and associate symptoms. Several reviews have been published regarding TMS-based ASD treatment, however, a systematic review on study characteristics, specific stimulating parameters, localization techniques, stimulated targets, behavioral outcomes, and neuroimage biomarker changes is lagged behind since 2018. Here, we performed a systematic search on literatures published after 2018 in PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct. After screening, the final systematic review included 17 articles, composing seven randomized controlled trial studies and ten open-label studies. Two studies are double-blind, while the other studies have a moderate to high risk of bias attributing to inadequate subject- and evaluator-blinding to treatment allocation. Five studies utilize theta-burst stimulation mode, and the others apply repetitive TMS with low frequency (five studies), high frequency (six studies), and combined low and high frequency stimulation (one study). Most researchers prioritize the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal lobe as stimulation target, while parietal lobule, inferior parietal lobule, and posterior superior temporal sulci have also emerged as new targets of attention. One third of the studies use neuronavigation based on anatomical magnetic resonance imaging to locate the stimulation target. After TMS intervention, discernible enhancements across a spectrum of scales are evident in stereotyped behavior, repetitive behavior, and verbal social domains. A comprehensive review of literature spanning the last five years demonstrates the potential of TMS treatment for ASD in ameliorating the clinical core symptoms.

UNASSIGNED: Postoperative delirium (POD), a common complication affecting short- and long-term prognosis in elderly patients, leads to a heavy burden on social economy and health care. The main purpose of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the 100 most frequently cited articles on POD.
UNASSIGNED: \"Postoperative delirium\" and its synonyms were searched in the Web of Science (WoS) core database. The top-100 cited articles were automatically selected by sorting the records in descending order. Key information such as author, journal, article type, publication year, citations, since 2013 usage count, institution, country, and keywords were extracted and analyzed. VOSviewer software was applied to do the visualization analyses of institution co-operation, author interaction, author co-citation, and keywords co-occurrence. The CiteSpace software was used to analyze keywords burst.
UNASSIGNED: Most articles were published by authors and institutions in the United States of America (USA). Inouye was the most influential author of this field. The journals that recorded these articles had a high impact factor (IF), with a highest IF of 168.9 and an average IF of 18.04. Cohort studies were the main document type in this field (42 publications), followed by randomized controlled trial (RCT) and systematic reviews or meta-analysis (18 and 14, respectively). The 10 keywords with the highest appearance were \"delirium\", \"risk-factors\", \"surgery\", \"confusion assessment method\", \"elderly patients\", \"hip fracture\", \"intensive care unit\", \"cardiac surgery\", \"general anesthesia\", and \"risk\". Moreover, \"double blind\" and \"cardiac surgery\" were the most recent booming keywords.
UNASSIGNED: We indicated the current research status and tendency of POD by analyzing the 100 most influential articles on POD. The USA is the leader in this field. Prospective study is the preference for authors to cite. Cardiac surgery remains the primary research carrier and the hotspots in the near future may be double-blind studies.

UNASSIGNED: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with cognitive impairment through unclear mechanisms. We examined the relationship between sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) power and attention level in MDD.
UNASSIGNED: Forty-seven untreated patients with MDD and forty-seven age- and sex-matched controls were included. We examined relative EEG power during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep by fast Fourier transform. The Attention Network Test (ANT) was performed to evaluate attention levels.
UNASSIGNED: Compared to controls, patients with MDD had lower theta power during NREM (P = 0.018) and REM (P = 0.002) sleep, while higher beta power (P = 0.050) during NREM sleep and delta power (P = 0.018) during REM sleep. Regarding attention level, patients with MDD had lower levels of accuracy (P = 0.021), longer mean reaction time (P < 0.001), poorer manifestations of the alerting effect (P = 0.038) and worse executive control (P = 0.048). Moreover, decreased theta power during NREM sleep was correlated with worsened accuracy (β = 0.329, P = 0.040), decreased theta power during REM sleep was correlated with worsened alerting effect (β = 0.355, P = 0.020), and increased delta power during REM sleep was correlated with longer mean reaction time (β = 0.325, P = 0.022) in patients with MDD. No association between ANT performance and other frequency bands was observed in patients with MDD.
UNASSIGNED: Our findings suggest that patients with MDD manifest impaired selective attention function that is associated with decreased theta power during NREM/REM sleep and increased delta power during REM sleep.

UNASSIGNED: In this study, we investigated the differences in clinical biochemical values and mitochondrial mass between schizophrenia patients with and without COVID-19, so as to provide assistance to the treatment and management of COVID-19 positive patients with schizophrenia.
UNASSIGNED: We undertook an exploratory, retrospective review of patient data from Dec. 6, 2022, to Jan. 31, 2023. A total of 1696 inpatients with psychosis (921 schizophrenia patients and 775 diagnosed with other mental diseases) during this period were identified. Finally, 60 schizophrenia patients were enrolled in our study, and 20 of them were infected with syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The serum biochemical levels and single-cell mitochondrial mass (SCMM) of the T lymphocytes of all schizophrenia patients were analyzed.
UNASSIGNED: The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine (Cr) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly higher in schizophrenia patients with COVID-19 (SCZ-C) group. In addition, the SCZ-C group showed lower CD3+, CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ cell counts and higher SCMM of T lymphocytes compared to SCZ group. Furthermore, positive correlations were found between the T-cell subpopulation counts and positive symptom scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).
UNASSIGNED: Our study findings showed that schizophrenia patients with COVID-19 have a phenotype of mitochondrial damage in T lymphocytes and higher serum levels of AST, ALP, Cr and LDH, which might provide evidence for treating individuals with schizophrenia during subsequent spread of infectious disease.

UNASSIGNED: During the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults were facing more mental health issues that may cause complex impacts on pandemic prevention, and turning to the internet for health information is a double-edged sword for them. This study aimed to investigate the reciprocal relationship between negative emotions and prevention behaviors in older adults, as well as the direct and moderating effects of online health information seeking (OHIS) on negative emotions and prevention behaviors.
UNASSIGNED: Based on the common-sense model of self-regulation (CSM) and a sample of more than 20,000 participants from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), this study first used an autoregressive cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) to analyze the longitudinal effect of negative emotions on prevention behaviors. Second, the study used ordinary least squares (OLS) regression to explore the influence of OHIS usage frequency changes on negative emotions and prevention behaviors. Third, the study used multigroup analysis to examine the moderating effect of OHIS usage frequency changes on the CLPM.
UNASSIGNED: The findings indicate a significant longitudinal association where initial negative emotions predicted later prevention behaviors (β = 0.038, p < 0.001), and increased OHIS frequency was linked to positive changes in prevention behavior (β = 0.109, p < 0.001). Multigroup analysis revealed that the connection between negative emotions or increased negative emotions and prevention behaviors remained significant for those with no change or an increase in OHIS frequency but not for those with a decrease.
UNASSIGNED: This study suggested that negative emotions may drive older adults to engage more in prevention behaviors and that OHIS can augment this effect. These results underscore the importance of addressing mental health and providing reliable online health information to support older adults in managing infectious disease risks.

UNASSIGNED: With the COVID-19 pandemic going to be COVID-19 endemic, the negative impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of IBD patients cannot be ignored. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of anxiety and depression in IBD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyze the factors associated with mental health.
UNASSIGNED: Patients registered at the IBD center were enrolled. Electronic questionnaires about the IBD patient\'s demographic information, basic knowledge of COVID-19, public self-prevention measures, daily life changes, and anxiety and depression were distributed.
UNASSIGNED: Two hundred and fifteen IBD patients finished this study and reported to have anxiety (27%) or depression (34%). During the COVID-19 pandemic, 10.2% of IBD patients reported their diet changes, 58.5% of IBD patients changed their daily physical activities from 3.27 ± 3.252 h to 2.30 ± 2.78 h, 33.7% of IBD patients changed their sleeping duration from 7.99 ± 1.322 h to 8.18 ± 1.447 h. IBD patients\' waiting time for admission (OR: 3.688, 95%CI: 1.003-13.554), regularly oral medicine administration (OR: 18.407, 95%CI: 1.975-171.530) and diet changes (OR: 6.167, 95%CI: 2.158-17.626) were positively correlated with anxiety or depression. IBD patients\' timely periodic infusion of biological agents (OR: 0.586, 95%CI: 0.413-0.830) was negatively correlated with anxiety or depression. IBD patients\' knowledge of COVID-19, public self-prevention, physical activities, and sleep duration changes showed no significant correlation with anxiety and depression, all p values > 0.05.
UNASSIGNED: The main factors of IBD patients\' mental health were diet changes, waiting time for admission, taking oral medicine regularly, and timely periodic infusions of biological agents. Ensuring the supply of routine treatment and medication for IBD patients and establishing systemic online IBD self-management programs would be the focus of major public health events.

UNASSIGNED: To investigate the status quo of empathic fatigue, professional identity, and sleep quality of nursing staff in nursing institutions. To analyze the correlation between empathic fatigue, professional identity and sleep quality of nursing staff.
UNASSIGNED: This is a cross-sectional study. The method of convenient sampling was used to select 224 nursing workers from the older adult\'s institutions in the Panjin area as the investigation objects. The nurses\' general data questionnaire, the Chinese version of the compassion fatigue short scale, the nurses\' professional identity Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used as evaluation tools. SPSS26.0 statistical software was used to sort out and analyze the data.
UNASSIGNED: There was a positive correlation between empathic fatigue and sleep quality; there was a negative correlation between empathy fatigue and professional identity. Occupational identity and sleep quality were negatively correlated.
UNASSIGNED: There is a correlation between empathic fatigue, professional identity, and sleep quality of nursing workers. Empathy fatigue is positively correlated with sleep quality. Empathy fatigue was negatively correlated with professional identity. Occupational identity was negatively correlated with sleep quality. To provide a theoretical basis for the management of older adult\'s nursing staff and the formulation of corresponding management systems and policies, promote the mental health of older adult\'s nursing staff, improve sleep quality, and provide a theoretical basis and reference for future intervention research.

Depression is a major psychological disorder with a growing impact worldwide. Traditional methods for detecting the risk of depression, predominantly reliant on psychiatric evaluations and self-assessment questionnaires, are often criticized for their inefficiency and lack of objectivity. Advancements in deep learning have paved the way for innovations in depression risk detection methods that fuse multimodal data. This paper introduces a novel framework, the Audio, Video, and Text Fusion-Three Branch Network (AVTF-TBN), designed to amalgamate auditory, visual, and textual cues for a comprehensive analysis of depression risk. Our approach encompasses three dedicated branches-Audio Branch, Video Branch, and Text Branch-each responsible for extracting salient features from the corresponding modality. These features are subsequently fused through a multimodal fusion (MMF) module, yielding a robust feature vector that feeds into a predictive modeling layer. To further our research, we devised an emotion elicitation paradigm based on two distinct tasks-reading and interviewing-implemented to gather a rich, sensor-based depression risk detection dataset. The sensory equipment, such as cameras, captures subtle facial expressions and vocal characteristics essential for our analysis. The research thoroughly investigates the data generated by varying emotional stimuli and evaluates the contribution of different tasks to emotion evocation. During the experiment, the AVTF-TBN model has the best performance when the data from the two tasks are simultaneously used for detection, where the F1 Score is 0.78, Precision is 0.76, and Recall is 0.81. Our experimental results confirm the validity of the paradigm and demonstrate the efficacy of the AVTF-TBN model in detecting depression risk, showcasing the crucial role of sensor-based data in mental health detection.

Polyphenols are the most prevalent naturally occurring phytochemicals in the human diet and range in complexity from simple molecules to high-molecular-weight polymers. They have a broad range of chemical structures and are generally categorized as \"neuroprotective\", \"anti-inflammatory\", and \"antioxidant\" given their main function of halting disease onset and promoting health. Research has shown that some polyphenols and their metabolites can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and hence increase neuroprotective signaling and neurohormonal effects to provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Therefore, multi-targeted modulation of polyphenols may prevent the progression of neuropsychiatric disorders and provide a new practical therapeutic strategy for difficult-to-treat neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, multi-target modulation of polyphenols has the potential to prevent the progression of neuropsychiatric disorders and provide a new practical therapeutic strategy for such nervous system diseases. Herein, we review the therapeutic benefits of polyphenols on autism-spectrum disorders, anxiety disorders, depression, and sleep disorders, along with in vitro and ex vivo experimental and clinical trials. Although their methods of action are still under investigation, polyphenols are still seldom employed directly as therapeutic agents for nervous system disorders. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations and large-scale multicenter randomized controlled trials are required to properly evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and side effects of polyphenols.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a persistent psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as warfare, natural disasters, or other catastrophic incidents, typically characterized by heightened anxiety, depressive symptoms, and cognitive dysfunction. In this study, animals subjected to single prolonged stress (SPS) were administered evodiamine (EVO) and compared to a positive control group receiving sertraline. The animals were then assessed for alterations in anxiety, depression, and cognitive function. Histological analysis was conducted to examine neuronal changes in the hippocampus. In order to predict the core targets and related mechanisms of evodiamine intervention in PTSD, network pharmacology was used. The metabolic markers pre- and post-drug administration were identified using nontargeted serum metabolomics techniques, and the intersecting Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were screened. Finally, the core targets were validated through molecular docking, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and immunofluorescence staining to confirm the anti-PTSD effects and mechanisms of these targets. As well as improving cognitive impairment, evodiamine reversed anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. It also inhibited the reduction in the number of hippocampal neuronal cells and Nissl bodies in SPS mice inhibited angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) levels in the hippocampus of SPS mice, and modulated the renin angiotensin pathway and its associated serum metabolites in brain tissue. Evodiamine shows promise as a potential candidate for alleviating the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.