频率增加,强度,野火的持续时间在许多地区加剧了对直接和与烟雾有关的危害的暴露,导致疏散和与烟雾有关的对健康和卫生系统的影响,可能影响延伸超过数千公里的地区。有效的准备和应对措施目前受到培训不足的阻碍,继续孤立的学科,资金不足,卫生系统和市政治理之间的协调不足,区域,国家,和国际水平。本审查强调了以前的关键卫生和卫生系统考虑因素,during,在野火之后,并概述了卫生系统应如何应对当前和未来的人口健康结果。重点是野火对空气质量的影响,心理健康,和应急管理,还涉及国际政策和金融的要素。我们讨论了现有的气候适应型医疗保健和灾害管理框架的共性,并将它们整合到解决融资问题的方法中。领导和治理,卫生劳动力,卫生信息系统,基础设施,供应链,技术,社区互动和医疗保健服务,之前,during,在一个野火季节之后.本评论是面对严重野火季节的领导者和卫生专业人员的实用简报,并呼吁打破孤岛,并与其他学科一起积极计划和资助创新与协调,为更健康的未来服务。
Increased frequency, intensity, and duration of
wildfires are intensifying exposure to direct and smoke-related hazards in many areas, leading to evacuation and smoke-related effects on health and health systems that can affect regions extending over thousands of kilometres. Effective preparation and response are currently hampered by inadequate training, continued siloing of disciplines, insufficient finance, and inadequate coordination between health systems and governance at municipal, regional, national, and international levels. This Review highlights the key health and health systems considerations before, during, and after
wildfires, and outlines how a health system should respond to optimise population health outcomes now and into the future. The focus is on the implications of
wildfires for air quality, mental health, and emergency management, with elements of international policy and finance also addressed. We discuss commonalities of existing climate-resilient health care and disaster management frameworks and integrate them into an approach that addresses issues of financing, leadership and governance, health workforce, health information systems, infrastructure, supply chain, technologies, community interaction and health-care delivery, before, during, and after a wildfire season. This Review is a practical briefing for leaders and health professionals facing severe wildfire seasons and a call to break down silos and join with other disciplines to proactively plan for and fund innovation and coordination in service of a healthier future.