产蛋性能是养禽业的重要经济性状。在以往的研究中,人们经常关注卵巢的生长和发育,而对雄鹅睾丸组织的研究较少。由于各种因素,不同品种鹅的睾丸生精过程通常存在显著差异。吉林白鹅(JL)是中国高产的地方鹅品种,从Ansercygnoides驯化,产蛋性能较高,产蛋期可以从2月持续到7月。在吉林省的鹅生产中,吉林白鹅的母鹅被认为是重要的合成系母亲,和来自匈牙利白鹅(HU)的甘德,皖西白鹅(WX)和吉林白鹅是主要的雄性亲本。每一年,所有3只雄鹿在2月开始表现出繁殖能力,并在4月达到繁殖能力的峰值,以施肥率高为标志。随着温度的逐渐升高,匈牙利和皖西鹅的睾丸组织产生精子的能力逐渐减弱。睾丸组织在六月底出现明显收缩,导致精子生产能力几乎丧失,从而产生低的施肥率。然而,吉林白鹅显示出维持稳定精子生产能力的能力。精子活力低的个体会增加种子生产成本,并限制畜禽品种的工业发展。在这项研究中,来自吉林白鹅的3个不同鹅品种的鹅睾丸的转录组学和蛋白质组学数据,皖西白鹅和匈牙利白鹅分两个阶段取样,铺设周期峰值(PLC)和铺设周期终点(ELC)。在PLC和ELC组之间的比较分析中(ELC与3个品种的PLC),我们鉴定了401,340,6651个差异表达基因(DEGs)和18,225,323个差异表达蛋白(DEPs),分别。差异表达的基因和蛋白质在基因本体论(GO)方面显着富集,例如磷酸转移酶活性,细胞骨架蛋白结合,微管运动活动,通道活性和碳水化合物代谢过程。睾丸中DEGs的KEGG富集分析表明,大多数差异表达的mRNA参与KEGG途径,包括ECM-受体相互作用,MAPK信号通路,碳代谢,细胞周期,VEGF信号通路,硫辛酸代谢与p53信号通路.选择4个DEGs(SPAG6、NEK2、HSPA4L、SERF1A)通过qRT-PCR验证,结果与RNA-seq数据一致。总之,这项研究揭示了不同种类鹅睾丸组织中基因表达调控的差异,筛选与精子发生相关的候选基因和蛋白质。
Egg production performance is an important economic trait in the poultry industry. In previous studies, attention has often been paid to the growth and development of the ovaries, while there has been less research on the testicular tissue of male goose. Due to various factors, there are usually significant differences in the process of testicular spermatogenesis among different goose breeds. The Jilin white goose (JL) is a high-production local goose species in China, domesticated from Anser cygnoides, which has a high egg-laying performance and the egg-laying period can last from February to July. In the production of goose within Jilin Province, the female goose of Jilin White goose is considered as an important maternal parent of synthetic lines, and ganders from Hungarian white goose (HU), Wanxi white goose (WX) and Jilin white goose are the main male parents. Each year, all 3 gander species begin to exhibit breeding capacity in February and reach the peak of reproductive capacity by April, marked by high fertilization rates. With the gradual increase in temperature, the testicular tissue of Hungarian and Wanxi goose gradually diminishes in its ability to produce sperm. the testicular tissue undergoes significant shrinkage by the end of June, resulting in a near loss of sperm production capability, thereby yielding low fertilization rates. However, the Jilin White goose demonstrates the ability to maintain a stable sperm production capacity. Individuals with low sperm motility contribute to increased seed production costs and pose constraints on the industrial development of livestock and poultry varieties. In this study, transcriptomics and proteomics data from gooses testicular of 3 different goose breeds inclouding Jilin white goose, Wanxi white gooseand Hungary white goose sampled in 2 stages, peak of laying cycle (PLC) and end of laying cycle (ELC). In a comparative analysis between PLC and ELC groups (ELC vs. PLC) of 3 breeds, we identified 401,340,6651 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 18,225,323 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), respectively. Differentially expressed genes and proteins were significantly enriched in Gene Ontology (GO) terms such as phosphotransferase activity, cytoskeletal protein binding, microtubule motor activity, channel activity and carbohydrate metabolic process. The KEGG enrichment analysis of the DEGs in testicular showed that most differentially expressed mRNAs participate in the KEGG pathways, including ECM-receptor interaction, MAPK signaling pathway, carbon metabolism, Cell cycle, VEGF signaling pathway, Lipoic acid metabolism and p53 signaling pathway. The differential expression of 4 selected DEGs (SPAG6, NEK2, HSPA4L, SERF1A) was verified by qRT-PCR, and the results were consistent with RNA-seq data. In conclusion, this study reveals the differences in gene expression regulation in testicular tissues of different goose species, and screening candidate genes and proteins related to spermatogenesis.