未经证实:患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)和发育迟缓(DD;ASD+DD)的儿童比没有DD的ASD(仅ASD)的儿童有更严重的临床症状。然而,对潜在的神经成像机制知之甚少。这项研究的目的是探讨ASDDD和仅ASD患者之间的体积差异,并研究大脑改变与临床表现之间的关系。
UNASSIGNED:本研究共纳入184名2-6岁的ASD儿童,根据他们的认知发展分为两组:ASD+DD和仅ASD。使用自闭症诊断观察计划(ADOS)评估临床症状和语言发育,儿童自闭症评定量表(CARS),和普通话交际发展清单。在184个孩子中,包括60名年龄匹配的男性(30名ASDDD和30名仅ASD患者)进行高分辨率结构神经影像学扫描,以进行进一步的基于体素的形态计量学分析,以检查临床症状与灰质体积之间的关系。
未经评估:ASD+DD组的CARS和ADOS评分更高,较低的手势得分,与仅ASD组相比,在“响应联合注意”(RJA)和“发起联合注意”方面的表现较差。在ASD患者中,左右中颞回颞极的灰质体积较大与DD的同时发生有关。此外,颞极性体积与CARS和ADOS评分相关,手势得分,和RJA能力。前语言发展显着介导了时间极量与CARS和ADOS分数之间的关系;RJA能力,但不是手势发展,促成了这种中介效应。
未经批准:在这项研究中,我们发现,并发DD的ASD患者的颞极体积增大,这些患者在语言前阶段表现出症状严重程度与语言能力之间的关联。提供针对RJA和颞极的早期干预措施可能有助于改善临床症状。
UNASSIGNED: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental delay (DD; ASD + DD) have more severe clinical symptoms than those with ASD without DD (ASD-only). However, little is known about the underlying neuroimaging mechanisms. The aim of this study was to explore the volumetric difference between patients with ASD + DD and ASD-only and investigate the relationship between brain alterations and clinical manifestations.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 184 children with ASD aged 2-6 years were included in this study, who were divided into two groups according to their cognitive development: ASD + DD and ASD-only. Clinical symptoms and language development were assessed using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and the Putonghua Communicative Development Inventory. Of the 184 children, 60 age-matched males (30 ASD + DD and 30 ASD-only patients) with high-resolution structural neuroimaging scans were included for further voxel-based morphometry analysis to examine the relationship between clinical symptoms and gray matter volumes.
UNASSIGNED: The ASD + DD group had higher CARS and ADOS scores, lower gesture scores, and poorer performance in \"responding to joint attention\" (RJA) and \"initiating joint attention\" than the ASD-only group. Larger gray matter volumes in the temporal poles of the right and left middle temporal gyri were associated with the co-occurrence of DD in patients with ASD. Moreover, temporopolar volumes were correlated with CARS and ADOS scores, gesture scores, and RJA ability. Pre-language development significantly mediated the relationship between temporopolar volumes and both CARS and ADOS scores; RJA ability, but not gesture development, contributed to this mediating effect.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, we found that temporopolar volumes were enlarged in patients with ASD who had comorbid DD, and these patients showed an association between symptom severity and language ability during the pre-language stage. Offering early interventions focused on RJA and the temporal pole may help improve clinical symptoms.