全球老年人的数量正在增加。衰老与认知和感觉下降有关。此外,听觉表现和认知功能下降影响老年人的生活质量.因此,重要的是开发一种干预方法来改善听觉和认知表现。本研究旨在探讨听觉和认知训练对健康老年人听觉能力和认知功能的有益影响。将50名健康的老年人随机分为四个训练组-听觉认知训练组(AC训练;n=13),听觉训练组(A训练;n=13),认知训练组(C训练;n=14),和一个主动对照组(n=12)。在培训期间,我们降低了AC和A训练组的声音强度水平,增加了AC训练任务的难度,A,和基于参与者表现的C培训组。认知功能测量[数字消除测验(D-CAT);逻辑记忆(LM);数字跨度(DS)],听觉测量[纯音测听(PTA)],在训练前后进行磁共振成像(MRI)扫描。我们发现了三个关键发现。首先,AC训练组与其他训练组有差异(A,C,和主动控制训练组)在右背外侧前额叶皮层的区域灰质体积(rGMV)中,左颞下回(L.ITG),左额上回,左眶额叶皮质,右小脑(小叶7Crus1)。第二,听觉训练因子组(ATFGs,与非ATFG(C训练组和主动对照组)相比,AC和A训练组)改善了听觉测量,并增加了左颞极的rGMV和功能连接(FC)。第三,与非CTFG(A训练组和主动对照组)相比,认知训练因子组(CTFG;AC和C训练组)在LM和D-CAT中的认知表现有统计学意义的改善。因此,听觉训练因子和认知训练因子将有助于提高老年人的生活质量。目前AC培训的研究,训练4周后观察脑结构的可塑性。
The number of older adults is increasing globally. Aging is associated with cognitive and sensory decline. Additionally, declined auditory performance and cognitive function affect the quality of life of older adults. Therefore, it is important to develop an intervention method to improve both auditory and cognitive performances. The current
study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of auditory and cognitive training on auditory ability and cognitive functions in healthy older adults. Fifty healthy older adults were randomly divided into four training groups-an auditory-cognitive training group (AC training; n = 13), an auditory training group (A training; n = 13), a cognitive training group (C training; n = 14), and an active control group (n = 12). During the training period, we reduced the sound intensity level in AC and A training groups and increase training task difficulty in AC, A, and C training groups based on participants\' performance. Cognitive function measures [digit-cancelation test (D-CAT); logical memory (LM); digit span (DS)], auditory measures [pure-tone audiometry (PTA)], and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed before and after the training periods. We found three key findings. First, the AC training group showed difference between other training groups (A, C, and active control training groups) in regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the left inferior temporal gyrus (L. ITG), the left superior frontal gyrus, the left orbitofrontal cortex, the right cerebellum (lobule 7 Crus 1). Second, the auditory training factor groups (ATFGs, the AC and A training groups) improved auditory measures and increased the rGMV and functional connectivity (FC) in the left temporal pole compared to the non-ATFGs (the C training group and active control group). Third, the cognitive training factor groups (CTFGs; the AC and C training groups) showed statistically significant improvement in cognitive performances in LM and D-CAT compared to the non-CTFGs (the A training group and active control group). Therefore, the auditory training factor and cognitive training factor would be useful in enhancing the quality of life of older adults. The current AC training
study, the plasticity of the brain structure was observed after 4 weeks of training.