背景:肾细胞癌是世界范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。转移是RCC癌症相关死亡的主要病例。环状RNA(circularRNAs),一类非编码RNA,已经成为癌症转移的重要调节因子。然而,circRNAs对RCC转移的功能作用和调控机制尚不清楚。
方法:进行高通量RNA测序技术以分析高侵袭性和低侵袭性透明细胞肾细胞癌(ccRCC)细胞系中circRNAs和mRNAs的表达谱。进行功能实验以揭示cirpAP2B在ccRCC细胞的增殖和转移能力中的调节作用。RNA下拉,质谱分析,RNA甲基化免疫沉淀(MeRIP),RNA免疫沉淀(RIP),免疫共沉淀(CoIP),我们采用下一代RNA测序和双荧光素酶实验来阐明circPPAP2B促进ccRCC转移的分子机制.
结果:在这项研究中,我们描述了一种新鉴定的环状RNA,称为circPPAP2B,在高侵袭性ccRCC细胞中过表达,通过先进的高通量RNA测序技术确定。此外,我们观察到ccRCC组织中circPPAP2B升高,特别是在转移性ccRCC组织中,并发现它与不良预后有关。功能实验表明circPPAP2B积极刺激ccRCC细胞的增殖和转移能力。机械上,circPPAP2B以m6A依赖性方式与HNRNPC相互作用以促进HNRNPC核易位。亚细胞重新定位依赖于HNRNPC的不可降解的泛素化和HNRNPC/波形蛋白/Importinα7三元复合物的稳定。此外,我们发现circPPAP2B调节HNRNPC和剪接因子之间的相互作用,PTBP1和HNPNPK,并调节pre-mRNA选择性剪接。最后,我们的研究表明,circPPAP2B作为miRNA海绵直接结合miR-182-5p并增加ccRCC中CYP1B1的表达.
结论:总的来说,我们的研究提供了全面的证据,证明circPPAP2B通过HNRNPC依赖性可变剪接和miR-182-5p/CYP1B1轴促进ccRCC的增殖和转移,并强调cirpAP2B是ccRCC干预的潜在治疗靶点.
BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common malignant tumor worldwide. Metastasis is a leading case of cancer-related deaths of RCC. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of noncoding RNAs, have emerged as important regulators in cancer metastasis. However, the functional effects and regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs on RCC metastasis remain largely unknown.
METHODS: High-throughput RNA sequencing techniques were performed to analyze the expression profiles of circRNAs and mRNAs in highly and poorly invasive clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cell lines. Functional experiments were performed to unveil the regulatory role of circPPAP2B in the proliferation and metastatic capabilities of ccRCC cells. RNA pulldown, Mass spectrometry analysis, RNA methylation immunoprecipitation (MeRIP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP), next-generation RNA-sequencing and double luciferase experiments were employed to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which circPPAP2B promotes ccRCC metastasis.
RESULTS: In this study, we describe a newly identified circular RNA called circPPAP2B, which is overexpressed in highly invasive ccRCC cells, as determined through advanced high-throughput RNA sequencing techniques. Furthermore, we observed elevated circPPAP2B in ccRCC tissues, particularly in metastatic ccRCC tissues, and found it to be associated with poor prognosis. Functional experiments unveiled that circPPAP2B actively stimulates the proliferation and metastatic capabilities of ccRCC cells. Mechanistically, circPPAP2B interacts with HNRNPC in a m6A-dependent manner to facilitate HNRNPC nuclear translocation. Subcellular relocalization was dependent upon nondegradable ubiquitination of HNRNPC and stabilization of an HNRNPC/Vimentin/Importin α7 ternary complex. Moreover, we found that circPPAP2B modulates the interaction between HNRNPC and splicing factors, PTBP1 and HNPNPK, and regulates pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Finally, our studies demonstrate that circPPAP2B functions as a miRNA sponge to directly bind to miR-182-5p and increase CYP1B1 expression in ccRCC.
CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our study provides comprehensive evidence that circPPAP2B promotes proliferation and metastasis of ccRCC via HNRNPC-dependent alternative splicing and miR-182-5p/CYP1B1 axis and highlights circPPAP2B as a potential therapeutic target for ccRCC intervention.