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Abstract：
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that possesses a unique single-stranded circular structure. They are primarily formed through alternative splicing of pre-mRNA (messenger RNA). The primary biological function of circRNAs is to regulate gene expression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Recent studies have increasingly demonstrated a close association between the dysregulation of circRNAs and the progression of diverse cancers, where they can function as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes. circWHSC1 (circNSD2) is a circular ncRNA that originates from the first 2 exons of the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate gene (WHSC1). As Chen 2019 discovery that circWHSC1 (circNSD2) functions as a sponge for miRNAs and promotes cancer, this circRNA has garnered significant interest among researchers. circWHSC1 (circNSD2) has been found to be up-regulated in various malignant tumors, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. It exerts its effects on cancer by either inhibiting or promoting the expression of related genes through direct or indirect pathways, ultimately affecting cancer proliferation, invasion, and prognosis. This article provides a comprehensive review and discussion of the biological roles of circWHSC1 (circNSD2) and its target genes in various cancers, as well as the latest research progress on related molecular biological regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, the potential significance of circWHSC1 (circNSD2) in future clinical applications and transformations is thoroughly analyzed and discussed.
摘要：
环状RNA（circularRNAs，circRNAs）是一种非编码RNA（ncRNA），具有独特的单链环状结构。它们主要通过前mRNA(信使RNA)的可变剪接形成。circRNAs的主要生物学功能是在转录和转录后水平上调节基因表达。最近的研究越来越多地证明circRNAs的失调与多种癌症的进展密切相关。它们可以充当肿瘤抑制基因或癌基因。circWHSC1（circNSD2）是一种环状ncRNA，源自Wolf-Hirschhorn综合征候选基因（WHSC1）的前2个外显子。正如Chen2019发现circWHSC1（circNSD2）充当miRNA的海绵并促进癌症，这种circRNA引起了研究人员的极大兴趣。已发现circWHSC1（circernSD2）在各种恶性肿瘤中上调，包括鼻咽癌,肺癌,乳腺癌,肝癌,结直肠癌,卵巢癌,宫颈癌,和子宫内膜癌。它通过直接或间接途径抑制或促进相关基因的表达发挥其对癌症的作用，最终影响癌症的增殖，入侵,和预后。本文对circWHSC1（circirNSD2）及其靶基因在各种癌症中的生物学作用进行了全面的综述和讨论，以及相关分子生物学调控机制的最新研究进展。此外，全面分析和讨论了circWHSC1(circNSD2)在未来临床应用和转化中的潜在意义.
