这项研究代表了一项以筛选六种海洋真菌为中心的初步调查,Maremicellopsismaritima,Engyodontium专辑,Monticulosa下风,Hortaeawerneckii,哈茨木霉,和曲霉sp.7,与红藻细螺旋藻相关,是从基隆朝津公园收集的,台湾,作为虾水产养殖的潜在免疫刺激剂。认识到必须采取新的战略来对抗水产养殖中使用抗生素和疫苗引起的病原体耐药性,这项研究旨在评估代谢组学概况,抗氧化能力,和海洋真菌的抗菌性能。真菌提取物的抗菌活性对五种主要水产养殖病原体进行了评估:枯草芽孢杆菌,大肠杆菌,金黄色葡萄球菌,铜绿肠杆菌,和副溶血性弧菌.在评估细胞毒性之前,使用盐水虾对海洋真菌提取物的活力和细胞毒性进行了初步评估,增长业绩,免疫功效,和抗病性对虾。本研究表明,总植物化学分析与抗氧化活性相关。Emericellopsismaritima和harzianum木霉表现出最强的DPPH抗氧化剂清除活性,其半数最大抑制浓度(IC50)为16.5±1.2和12.2±2.6,与抗坏血酸相当。对海洋真菌提取物进行LC-HDMSE分析,鉴定出8000多种代谢物,主要属于有机氧化合物的超类水平,有机杂环化合物,苯丙素类和聚酮化合物,生物碱及其衍生物,苯类化合物,木脂素和新木脂素,脂质和类脂分子,核苷酸和核苷,有机氮化合物,有机酸及其衍生物。总的来说,我们的研究通过探索替代抗菌解决方案和利用海洋内生真菌固有的生物活性潜力,为可持续实践的发展做出了重要贡献。总之,我们的研究促进了我们对真菌群落及其应用的理解,并为开发有效和环保的方法来提高虾的健康和生产力提供了希望。
This study represents a primary investigation centered on screening six marine fungi, Emericellopsis maritima, Engyodontium album, Hypomontagnella monticulosa, Hortaea werneckii, Trichoderma harzianum, and Aspergillus sp.7, associated with the red algae Pterocladiella capillacea, which was collected from Chao-Jin Park in Keelung, Taiwan, as potential immunostimulants for shrimp aquaculture. Recognizing the imperative for novel strategies to combat pathogen resistance arising from the use of antibiotics and vaccines in aquaculture, this study aimed to evaluate the metabolomic profile, antioxidant capabilities, and antibacterial properties of marine fungi. The antibacterial activity of the fungal extract was evaluated against five major aquaculture pathogens: Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aeruginosa, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The viability and cytotoxicity of marine fungal extracts were preliminarily evaluated using brine shrimps before assessing cytotoxicity, growth performance, immune efficacy, and disease resistance in white shrimp. The present study demonstrated that total phytochemical analysis correlated with antioxidant activity. Emericellopsis maritima and Trichoderma harzianum exhibited the strongest DPPH antioxidant scavenging activities of half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 16.5 ± 1.2 and 12.2 ± 2.6, which are comparable to ascorbic acid. LC-HDMSE analysis of the marine fungal extracts identified more than 8000 metabolites mainly classified under the superclass level of organic oxygen compounds, Organoheterocyclic compounds, Phenylpropanoids and polyketides, alkaloid and derivatives, benzenoids, lignans and neolignans, lipid and lipid-like molecules, nucleotides and nucleosides, organic nitrogen compounds, and organic acids and derivatives. Overall, our study significantly contributes to the advancement of sustainable practices by exploring alternative antimicrobial solutions and harnessing the bioactive potential inherent in marine endophytic fungi. In conclusion, our study advances our comprehension of fungal communities and their applications and holds promise for the development of effective and environmentally friendly approaches for enhancing shrimp health and productivity.