挪威儿童和青少年接种COVID-19疫苗的相关因素尚不清楚,尽管这是未来大流行防备的有用知识。这项研究旨在全面检查与挪威儿童和青少年疫苗摄取相关的个体和家族因素。我们利用了来自各种卫生登记处和挪威统计局的全国登记数据,包括大流行期间生活在挪威的所有儿童和青少年,直到2022年12月31日。疫苗摄取定义为接受至少一剂COVID-19疫苗。我们采用前向逐步逻辑回归模型和随机森林机器学习算法来探索疫苗摄取与社会文化之间的关系。人口统计学,和健康相关因素。我们包括423,548名5-11岁儿童,269,830名12-15岁儿童,和120,854名16-17岁的年轻人。这三组的疫苗接种率分别为2.6%,73.3%,和87.3%。与疫苗摄取相关的因素因年龄组而异。在最小的孩子中,移民背景(赔率(OR)=1.58,95%置信区间(CI)(1.14-2.19)),出生时极度早产(OR=2.38,95%CI(1.60-3.54)),有严重COVID-19风险(OR=5.40,95%CI(4.69-6.23)和母体COVID-19疫苗接种(OR=6.34,95%CI(5.35-7.53))与疫苗接种呈正相关。后两个因素也很强烈,与12-15岁儿童的疫苗摄取呈正相关,而既往SARS-CoV-2感染呈负相关(OR=0.12,95%CI(0.11-0.14)。在16-17岁的青少年中也观察到了类似的发现。COVID-19疫苗的摄取因年龄组而异,主要相关因素包括社会人口统计学和父母COVID-19疫苗接种状况,之前的SARS-CoV-2感染,但也有早产和中度或高度严重COVID-19的风险。
Factors related with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in children and adolescents in Norway remain unclear, despite this being useful knowledge for future pandemic preparedness. This study aimed to comprehensively examine individual and familial factors associated with vaccine uptake in children and adolescents in Norway. We utilized nationwide registry-data from various health registries and Statistics Norway, encompassing all children and adolescents living in Norway during the pandemic, until 31-Dec-2022. Vaccine uptake is defined as receiving at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. We employed a forward stepwise logistic regression model and a random forest machine-learning algorithm to explore the relationship between vaccine uptake and socio-cultural, demographic, and health-related factors. We included 423,548 5-11-year-olds, 269,830 12-15-year-olds, and 120,854 16-17-year-olds. Vaccine uptake in these three groups was respectively 2.6 %, 73.3 %, and 87.3 %. Factors associated with vaccine uptake varied by age group. In youngest children, immigrant background (Odds-ratio (OR) = 1.58, 95 % confidence interval (CI) (1.14-2.19)), born extremely preterm (OR = 2.38, 95 % CI (1.60-3.54)), having risk of severe COVID-19 (OR = 5.40, 95 % CI (4.69-6.23) and maternal COVID-19 vaccination (OR = 6.34, 95 % CI (5.35-7.53)) were positively associated with vaccine uptake. The latter two factors were also strongly, positively associated with vaccine uptake in 12-15-year-olds, while previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was negatively associated (OR = 0.12, 95 % CI (0.11-0.14). Similar findings were observed in 16-17-year-olds. COVID-19 vaccine uptake differed markedly by age group, and major associated factors included socio-demographics and parental COVID-19 vaccination status, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also being born premature and having moderate or high risk of severe COVID-19.