BACKGROUND: Regional odontodysplasia (ROD) is a rare developmental disorder characterized by hypo-mineralization and hypoplasia of enamel and dentin. Symptoms include poorly developed tooth buds, delayed eruption of permanent teeth in affected quadrants, and ghost teeth. The affected teeth often become necrotic due to abnormal enamel and dentin development, making them susceptible to caries and infection. The aim of this case report is to describe the treatment of ROD through pulp revascularization.
METHODS: A 13-year-old girl was referred for endodontic treatment. The mandibular left incisors and first premolar, which were affected by regional odontodysplasia, lost their vitality because of the impaired structure of the enamel. Due to the teeth\'s early developmental stage, a regenerative endodontic treatment was attempted. All 3 teeth were treated using the same protocol following the AAE guidelines. After 4 weeks, treatment of the premolar was completed, whereas the incisor teeth remained symptomatic and were and therefore, intracanal dressing with calcium hydroxide was repeated and left in place for 5 months. Finally, the regenerative procedure was completed, and the crowns were restored. The patient was scheduled for follow-up examinations after 6 months, and then yearly for the next 3 years. After 1 year, the periapical lesion around the central incisor and premolar had resolved, the lesion around the apex of the lateral incisor was healing, and the roots had continued to develop. After 3 years, complete healing and pulp canal obliteration were observed in the central incisor and in the premolar. However, the root of the lateral incisor tooth was split, and it was recommended to extract this tooth.
CONCLUSIONS: The positive outcomes of regenerative endodontics in the central incisor and premolar suggest that revascularization of the pulp may be optional for the treatment of immature necrotic teeth affected by developmental disorders, such as ROD, amelogenesis imperfecta, or dentinogenesis imperfecta.

Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is a rare non-hereditary dental anomaly associated with dysplasia. Its etiology remains unclear but is known to affect both the mesodermal and ectodermal dental components, as well as deciduous and permanent dentitions. Its young age of onset and complexity has great physical and psychological impact on the affected patients. However, the clinical management of RO remains unified without standardized treatment guidelines. Thus, this study aimed to report an RO case, the first from Jiangxi Province, China, and discuss its clinical diagnosis and treatment to provide a reference to treat similar cases more effectively in the future.

Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is a rare developmental abnormality of epithelial and mesenchymal dental tissues. Due to its poorly understood etiology, assessing and discussing related clinical cases of this dental anomaly is crucial to guide professionals in improving its treatment and outcomes. This article aimed to report the case of a 9-year-old male patient who presented to our department with the main complaint of absent eruption of permanent left mandibular quadrant teeth. This is the first case reported in China from a patient with multiple cutaneous nevi on the face and neck, and based on the retrieved clinical and radiographic features, we described and discussed the treatment and etiology of RO.

Regional odontodysplasia (RO), also called ghost teeth, is a rare nonhereditary developmental dental anomaly affecting the epidermal and mesenchymal tissues associated with the development of tooth which can affect both primary and permanent dentition. It can affect the child\'s overall quality of life and sometimes may lead to skeletal malocclusion. Management of such patients requires a multidisciplinary approach. Essix retainers are being widely used as retention appliances. Various modifications of this appliance are also being attempted. Thus, this article aims to focus on the use of Essix retainer as an interim prosthesis by modifying it with the incorporation of pontics to manage partial edentulousness and mild orthodontic corrections in a 7-year-old child diagnosed with bilateral RO.

Regional odontodysplasia is a rare developmental disorder characterised by hypoplasia and hypomineralisation of enamel and dentin. Our systematic review aimed to organise the knowledge on localisation, symptomatology and treatment methods in patients with regional odontodysplasia based on case reports published in the databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Case reports were described in 28 different countries, considering 180 patients (including 91 females). Regional odontodysplasia occurs mainly in both deciduous and permanent dentition (66.1%). The affected teeth were observed more frequently in the maxilla (70.0%), especially on the left side (45.6%). The most common reported symptoms were ghost teeth, poorly developed buds, yellowish-brown colour of crowns and delayed eruption of permanent teeth in affected quadrants. The most popular treatment method was surgical treatment (78.6%) with subsequent prosthetic therapy (34.6%). Based on the review of cases, pathognomonic clinical and radiological signs can be found, however, it is difficult to reach a consensus on the choice of treatment method.

OBJECTIVE: Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is a localized developmental anomaly involving both dentitions. The characteristic clinical findings are soft discolored several contiguous teeth with atypical morphology associated with swelling or abscess formation. Radiographic images of the involved teeth show a ghost-like appearance because enamel and dentin are hypoplastic and hypocalcified. Although RO is known for more than seven decades, the literature on RO is mostly limited to case reports.The objective of this investigation was to provide an updated review of the literature with regards to clinical presentation and epidemiology of RO. Because of its rarity, retrospective analysis of the published reports across the world is considered one of the most appropriate available methods to analyze epidemiological and clinical data of RO. This review was reported and conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS: Between 1953 and 2017, 161 cases were reported in literatures written in English. At the time of diagnosis, the age of the patients ranged between 1 and 25 years. There was slight female predilection with a ratio of 1.37: 1. When examined collectively, the maxilla was commonly affected compared to the mandible. RO occurred in both dentitions in 75 reported cases. While it affects the deciduous teeth alone in 19.3% and the permanent teeth in 34.2% of the cases. Failure of tooth eruption was the most common presenting finding (41.6%) followed by swelling of the affected area (32.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: Although RO was first described almost 80 years ago and the total subsequent case reports were over 160 cases, there is no consensus on its pathogenesis and how it should be treated. The descriptive nature of the examined case reports reveals the limited information on this condition. Further experimental and genetic studies are needed.

Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is a rare dental anomaly of unknown etiology that can affect both deciduous and permanent dentition. RO is characterized by severe hypoplasia of enamel and dentin, and teeth affected are friable and more susceptible to caries and fractures. Most of the lesions occur in the anterior maxilla and correlation with clinical and radiographic features is essential to provide a correct diagnosis. The major criteria for diagnosis are predominantly based on radiography, which shows presence of large pulp chambers and a marked reduction in the radiopacity of enamel and dentin, making the distinction between these mineralized structures difficult. Early diagnosis is important to minimize future sequels and allow preventive or conservative treatment. The therapeutic approach of the RO should be based on the degree of severity of the anomaly and in the individual functional and aesthetic needs of each case. A classic case of RO affecting the maxilla is exemplified in this Sine Qua Non Radiology-Pathology article.

The aim of this article was to review the literature and present a case of regional odontodysplasia (ROD) with special emphasis on clinical and radiographic features. A 6-year-old girl was referred to our department with the chief complaint of missing her permanent maxillary left central incisor, lateral incisor, and both of her canines. The gingiva of the involved region was enlarged, fibrous, and tense. Radiographic examination showed abnormal tooth formation and shortened roots. After 3 years of follow up with temporary prosthetic rehabilitation, periodontal surgery was performed. Following forced eruption and levelling, abnormal tooth eruption and root development were observed. ProRoot MTA (Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) was used for root canal treatment. Intracanal fiber posts selected and access cavities were restored with composite resin. Prosthetic rehabilitation was completed with zirconia ceramic crowns. The time of diagnosis, characteristics of the present/existing symptoms, and functional and esthetic needs of the patient should be considered to determine the optimal treatment modality for ROD.
Bu makalenin amacı bir rejyonel odontodisplazi (ROD) olgusunun klinik ve radyografik özelliklerini sunmak ve bu konu ile ilgili güncel kaynakları derlemektir. 6 yaşındaki kız hasta üst çene sürekli orta kesici, yan kesici ve kanin dişilerindeki sürme problemleri ve bu dişlerin eksikliği şikayetleri ile kliniğimize başvurmuştur. Klinik muayenede etkilenen bölgede dişetinin büyümüş, fibröz ve gergin olduğu izlenmiştir. Radyografik muayenede kısa köklü anormal şekilli dişler izlenmiştir. Hasta geçici protez ile 3 yıl takip edildikten sonra periodontal cerrahi uygulanmıştır. Dişlerin sürdürülmesi ve ortodontik olarak sıralanmasını takiben anormal diş sürmesi ve anormal kök gelişimi izlenmiştir. ProRoot MTA (Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) materyali ile kök kanal tedavisi sonrası fiber post seçilmiş ve zirkonyum seramik kuronlar uygulanmıştır. ROD olgularında en uygun tedavi yaklaşımını seçmek için tanı zamanı, mevcut belirtiler ve hastanın işlevsel ya da estetik gereksinimleri değerlendirilmelidir.

Regional odontodysplasia (RO) also known as ghost teeth is a rare developmental anomaly affecting the mesodermal and ectodermal components of teeth with characteristic clinical and radiographic findings. The enamel and dentin are hypomineralized and hypocalcified with short roots and open apices. The affected teeth have an abnormal morphology, meaning they are fragile and thin and liable to fracture and decay. Radiographically, there is a marked reduction in radiodensity with little distinction between the enamel and dentin, hence the term \"ghost teeth.\" RO generally affects one particular segment in one or both arches of the maxilla or mandible and can affect both the primary and permanent dentition. We report a unique case of a 3-year-old female who presented to Alder Hey Children\'s Hospital acutely unwell with a left-sided cervicofacial swelling from RO affecting the entire portion of the left maxilla.

Regional odontodysplasia is a nonhereditary, uncommon developmental abnormality of teeth. Females have more predilections for regional odontodysplasia. The enamel, dentin and pulp of teeth are affected and radiographically, teeth are described as \"ghost teeth\". Many of these :eeth do not erupt and have an increased risk for caries and periapical inflammation. Since the literature on regional odontodysplasia is limited, here is need to discuss this anomaly to have a better approach for the diagnosis and treatment.