迄今为止,已经报道了超过200种类型的人乳头瘤病毒(HPV),并且已经与各种皮肤病相关。在皮肤病中,病毒疣是最常见的与HPV相关的报道。疣状表皮发育不良(EV)由三种类型组成:典型的EV是一种常染色体隐性遗传性疾病,具有TMC6/TMC8基因突变,非典型EV是由于各种基因突变导致免疫缺陷,获得性EV是由于获得性免疫缺陷而发展的。广义疣状与EV的不同之处在于它涉及许多疣状结节(主要在四肢),在组织病理学上没有蓝色细胞,如在EV中所见,以及皮肤α-HPV和β-HPV感染。HPV诱导的皮肤恶性肿瘤包括EV患者中由β-HPV(尤其是HPV5型和8型)引起的鳞状细胞癌(SCC)。器官移植受者,和健康的个体,粘膜高危型HPV感染引起的外阴和指甲部SCC。β-HPV的致癌作用与日光有关。粘膜高风险HPV相关癌也可能是性传播的。我们专注于Bowen的指甲病,长期以来一直是我们研究的主题,最近在皮肤病学领域脱颖而出。
More than 200 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) have been reported to date and have been associated with various dermatological diseases. Among dermatological diseases, viral verrucae are the most commonly reported to be associated with HPV. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) consists of three types: typical EV is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder with TMC6/TMC8 gene mutations, atypical EV develops due to various gene mutations that cause immunodeficiency, and acquired EV develops due to acquired immunodeficiency. Generalized verrucosis differs from EV in that it involves numerous verrucous nodules (mainly on the limbs), histopathologically no blue cells as seen in EV, and infection with cutaneous α-HPVs as well as β-HPVs. HPV-induced skin malignancies include squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) caused by β-HPV (especially HPV types 5 and 8) in EV patients, organ transplant recipients, and healthy individuals, and SCC of the vulva and nail unit caused by mucosal high-risk HPV infection. Carcinogenesis of β-HPV is associated with sunlight. Mucosal high-risk HPV-associated carcinomas may also be sexually transmitted. We focused on Bowen\'s disease of the nail, which has been the subject of our research for a long time and has recently come to the fore in the field of dermatology.