背景:白细胞Ig样受体B家族4(LILRB4)作为骨髓细胞的免疫检查点是肿瘤治疗的潜在靶标。广泛的溶骨性骨病变是多发性骨髓瘤的最典型特征。目前尚不清楚多发性骨髓瘤上的异位LILRB4是否调节骨病变。
方法:使用来自LILRB4-WT和-KO细胞的条件培养基(CM)来分析LILRB4对破骨细胞和成骨细胞的影响。异种移植,构建了同源和患者来源的异种移植模型,和Micro-CT,H&E染色观察骨损伤。RNA-seq,细胞因子阵列,qPCR,荧光素酶的活性,Co-IP和蛋白质印迹用于阐明LILRB4介导多发性骨髓瘤骨损伤的机制。
结果:我们综合分析了LILRB4在各种肿瘤组织阵列中的表达,发现LILRB4在多发性骨髓瘤样本中高表达。患者影像学资料显示,多发性骨髓瘤患者LILRB4表达水平越高,骨病变越严重。来自LILRB4-WTnot-KO细胞的条件培养基可显著促进破骨细胞的分化和成熟。异种移植,同基因和患者来源的异种移植模型进一步证实LILRB4可以介导多发性骨髓瘤的骨损伤。接下来,进行细胞因子阵列以鉴定差异表达的细胞因子,RELT由LILRB4鉴定和调控。过表达或外源性RELT可以在体外和体内再生LILRB4-KO细胞中的骨损伤。LILRB4、抗LILRB4单独或与硼替佐米联合缺失可显着延迟多发性骨髓瘤骨病变的进展。
结论:我们的研究结果表明,LILRB4通过分泌RELT促进破骨细胞的分化和成熟,从而促进骨损害,阻断LILRB4信号通路可抑制骨损伤。
BACKGROUND: Leukocyte Ig-like receptor B family 4 (LILRB4) as an immune checkpoint on myeloid cells is a potential target for tumor therapy. Extensive osteolytic bone lesion is the most characteristic feature of multiple myeloma. It is unclear whether ectopic LILRB4 on multiple myeloma regulates bone lesion.
METHODS: The conditioned medium (CM) from LILRB4-WT and -KO cells was used to analyze the effects of LILRB4 on osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Xenograft, syngeneic and patient derived xenograft models were constructed, and micro-CT, H&E staining were used to observe the bone lesion. RNA-seq, cytokine array, qPCR, the activity of luciferase, Co-IP and western blotting were used to clarify the mechanism by which LILRB4 mediated bone damage in multiple myeloma.
RESULTS: We comprehensively analyzed the expression of LILRB4 in various tumor tissue arrays, and found that LILRB4 was highly expressed in multiple myeloma samples. The patient\'s imaging data showed that the higher the expression level of LILRB4, the more serious the bone lesion in patients with multiple myeloma. The conditioned medium from LILRB4-WT not -KO cells could significantly promote the differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts. Xenograft, syngeneic and patient derived xenograft models furtherly confirmed that LILRB4 could mediate bone lesion of multiple myeloma. Next, cytokine array was performed to identify the differentially expressed cytokines, and RELT was identified and regulated by LILRB4. The overexpression or exogenous RELT could regenerate the bone damage in LILRB4-KO cells in vitro and in vivo. The deletion of LILRB4, anti-LILRB4 alone or in combination with bortezomib could significantly delay the progression of bone lesion of multiple myeloma.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that LILRB4 promoted the bone lesion by promoting the differentiation and mature of osteoclasts through secreting RELT, and blocking LILRB4 singling pathway could inhibit the bone lesion.