目的:当前的荟萃分析旨在检查饮食摄入量的遗传度和家族相似性,包括双胞胎和基于家庭的研究中的能量和大量营养素。
方法:在线文献数据库,包括PubMed,Scopus,和WebofScience进行了全面搜索,直到2023年才确定相关研究。家庭研究的遗传力指数为h2,双胞胎研究的遗传力指数为h2,A2和E2。使用三种加权方法计算遗传力饮食摄入量的平均值和SE。
结果:本荟萃分析包括18篇论文,包括8篇关于家族人群的研究和12篇关于双胞胎人群的研究。双胞胎研究中饮食摄入量的遗传率(汇总估计的h2,A2和E2的范围为30-55%,14-42%,52-79%,分别)高于家庭研究(汇总估计h2的范围=16-39%)。在家庭研究中,各种营养素的最高和最低遗传力是观察到的脂肪(%Kcal)(H2范围:36-38%)和碳水化合物(H2范围:16-18%),分别。在双胞胎研究中,基于平均H2,各种营养素的最高和最低遗传力被报告为脂肪(%Kcal)(H2范围:49-55%)和蛋白质摄入量(H2范围:30-35%),分别。此外,基于A2的平均值,观察到碳水化合物的最高和最低遗传力(%Kcal)(A2范围:42-42%),和蛋白质(%Kcal)(A2范围:14-16%),分别。此外,在双胞胎研究中,E2的最高和最低平均值显示为饱和脂肪(E2范围:74-79%)和能量摄入量(E2范围:52-57%),分别。
结论:我们的分析表明,环境因素和遗传因素在确定膳食摄入量的遗传力方面都有显著的贡献。此外,与家庭研究相比,我们观察到双胞胎的遗传率更高。
OBJECTIVE: The current meta-analysis aimed to examine the heritability and familial resemblance of dietary intakes, including energy and macronutrients in both twin and family-based studies.
METHODS: The online literature databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched comprehensively until 2023 to identify the relevant studies. The heritability index in family studies was h2 and the heritability indices for twin studies were h2, A2, and E2. Three weighted methods were used to calculate the mean and SE of heritability dietary intakes.
RESULTS: Eighteen papers including 8 studies on familial population and 12 for twin population studies were included in the present meta-analysis. The heritability of dietary intakes in twin studies (range of pooled estimated h2, A2, and E2 was 30-55%, 14-42%, and 52-79%, respectively) was higher than family studies (range of pooled estimated h2 = 16-39%). In family studies, the highest and lowest heritability for various nutrients was observed for the fat (%Kcal) (h2 range:36-38%) and carbohydrate in g (h2 range:16-18%), respectively. In twin studies, based on mean h2, the highest and lowest heritability for various nutrients was reported for the fat (%Kcal) (h2 range:49-55%) and protein intake in g (h2 range:30-35%), respectively. Also, based on the mean of A2, the highest and lowest heritability was observed for carbohydrates (% Kcal) (A2 range:42-42%), and protein (% Kcal) (A2 range:14-16%), respectively. Furthermore, in twin studies, the highest and lowest mean of E2 was shown for saturated fats (E2 range:74-79%) and energy intake (E2 range:52-57%), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis indicated that both environmental factors and genetics have noticeable contributions in determining the heritability of dietary intakes. Also, we observed higher heritability in twins compared to family studies.