The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated technological changes in veterinary education, particularly in clinical pathology and anatomic pathology courses transitioning from traditional methods to digital pathology (DP). This study evaluates the personal effectiveness and satisfaction, as well as the advantages and disadvantages, of DP, in particular digital cytology (DC), as a teaching method among European veterinary students, both at the undergraduate and postgraduate level, who attended digital pathology courses during and before the pandemic. A further aim is to discuss the differences between the two student groups. A Google Form survey consisting of 11 multiple-choice questions was emailed to pathology teachers and distributed to their students. Results indicated that undergraduate students showed greater digital pathology training, favouring DC as the most effective learning modality. In contrast, postgraduate students reported less digital slide training, and their preference for learning cytology was split between DC alone and DC integrated with traditional microscopy. All students experienced whole slide imaging for learning cytology slides prevalently, and they stated that DC enhanced their learning experience. While DC demonstrates personal effectiveness and satisfaction as a teaching method, it is important to not replace pathology training with light microscopy completely, as almost a third of the students indicated.

UNASSIGNED: histopathology plays a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis, research, and medical education. In recent years, whole slide imaging (wsi) has emerged as a potential alternative to traditional microscopy for pathological examination. This study aims to provide a comprehensive comparison of wsi and traditional microscopy(tm) in various aspects of histopathology practice.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, total of 30 cases comprising of oral premalignant and malignant cases which were diagnostically challenging was considered from the archives of the institute for validation. The slides were scanned with slide scanner and were evaluated by histopathologists. The comparative parameters which were noted were diagnostic discordances, number of fields observed to reach the diagnosis and time taken.
UNASSIGNED: The mean time taken by the pathologists to reach the diagnosis was significantly less in whole slide imaging technique. The average number of fields observed was higher by using wsi that too in a lesser time compared to tm, the results were found to be statistically significant with p=0.001.however the diagnostic disparity were seen to be maximum for verrucous lesions both in wsi and tm.
UNASSIGNED: wsi has facilitated the specialty with rapid mode of diagnosis in a more efficient and error less manner. It has also aided in case banking as well as research possibilities. Hence with the advent of telepathology it is very much necessary to get trained with wsi as early as possible so that the professionals can render correct diagnosis.

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Telepathology, as a subset of teleconsulting, is pathology interpretation performed at a distance. Telepathology is not a new phenomenon, but since ~2015, significant advances in information technology and telecommunications coupled with the pandemic have led to unprecedented sophistication, accessibility, and use of telepathology in human and veterinary medicine. Furthermore, telepathology can connect veterinary practices to distant laboratories and provide support for underserved animals and communities. Through our scoping review, we provide an overview of how telepathology is being used in veterinary medicine, identify gaps in the literature, and highlight future areas of research and service development. We searched MEDLINE, CAB Abstracts, and the gray literature, and included all relevant literature. Despite the widespread use of digital microscopy in large veterinary diagnostic laboratories, we identified a paucity of literature describing the use of telepathology in veterinary medicine, with a significant gap in studies addressing the validation of whole-slide imaging for primary diagnosis. Underutilization of telepathology to support postmortem examinations conducted in the field was also identified, which indicates a potential area for service development. The use of telepathology is increasing in veterinary medicine, and pathologists must keep pace with the changing technology, ensure the validation of innovative technologies, and identify novel uses to advance the profession.

Telediagnosis uses information and communication technologies to support diagnosis, shortening geographical distances. It helps make decisions about various oral lesions. The objective of this scoping review was to map the existing literature on digital strategies to assist in the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. this review was structured based on the 5-stage methodology proposed by Arksey and O\'Malley, the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. The methods were registered on the Open Science Framework. The research question was: What digital strategies have been used to assist in the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma? The search was conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and ScienceDirect. Inclusion criteria comprised studies on telediagnosis, teleconsultation or teleconsultation mediated by a professional and studies in English, without date restrictions. The search conducted in June 2023 yielded 1,798 articles, from which 16 studies were included. Telediagnosis was reported in nine studies, involving data screening through applications, clinical images from digital cameras, mobile phones or artificial intelligence. Histopathological images were reported in four studies. Both, telediagnosis and teleconsultation, were mentioned in seven studies, utilizing images and information submission services to platforms, WhatsApp or applications. One study presented teleconsultations involving slides and another study introduced teleconsultation mediated by a professional. Digital strategies telediagnosis and teleconsultations enable the histopathological diagnosis of oral cancer through clinical or histopathological images. The higher the observed diagnostic agreement, the better the performance of the strategy.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 posed significant communication challenges, especially in the healthcare sector. Telepathology provides a valuable means for healthcare providers to communicate. This study investigated the key challenges and benefits of telepathology in education through a systematic review of relevant studies conducted during this period.
METHODS: This systematic review was conducted in 2022. We utilized databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. Our search was performed from 7 February 2022 to 13 February 2022. We selected articles based on inclusion criteria and used the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist to assess study strengths and limitations. We extracted data using a checklist and synthesized the results narratively.
RESULTS: We initially identified 125 articles, and after screening, 15 were included in the study. These studies reported various challenges, including cost, technology, communication problems, educational difficulties, time wasting, legal issues and family distraction problems. Conversely, studies mentioned benefits, such as care improvement, better education, time efficiency, proper communication, cost and technology advancement.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study will help future efforts and investigations to implement and set up telepathology. Based on our review, despite the challenges, the benefits of telepathology in education are greater than these obstacles, indicating its potential for future use.

The most widely accepted and used type of digital pathology (DP) is whole-slide imaging (WSI). The USFDA granted two WSI system approvals for primary diagnosis, the first in 2017. In Latin America, DP has the potential to reshape healthcare by enhancing diagnostic capabilities through artificial intelligence (AI) and standardizing pathology reports. Yet, we must tackle regulatory hurdles, training, resource availability, and unique challenges to the region. Collectively addressing these hurdles can enable the region to harness DP\'s advantages-enhancing disease diagnosis, medical research, and healthcare accessibility for its population. Americas Health Foundation assembled a panel of Latin American pathologists who are experts in DP to assess the hurdles to implementing it into pathologists\' workflows in the region and provide recommendations for overcoming them. Some key steps recommended include creating a Latin American Society of Digital Pathology to provide continuing education, developing AI models trained on the Latin American population, establishing national regulatory frameworks for protecting the data, and standardizing formats for DP images to ensure that pathologists can collaborate and validate specimens across the various DP platforms.

This paper explores the role of teledermatology (TD) in Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) at various stages of patient care. The study aims to assess the benefits, limitations, and patient experiences surrounding TD integration into MMS practices. We conducted a PubMed search using keywords related to TD and MMS, categorizing selected articles into pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative stages of MMS. TD reduced waiting times (26.10 days for TD compared to 60.57 days for face-to-face [FTF]) and consultation failure rates (6% for TD vs. 17% for FTF) for MMS preoperative consultations. It also shortened time to treatment by two weeks and led to notable travel savings (162.7 min, 144.5 miles, and $60.00 per person). Telepathology facilitated communication and decision-making during MMS, improving accuracy and efficiency, especially in challenging cases requiring collaboration where physical presence of another surgeon or pathologist is not feasible. Telepathology definitively diagnosed benign lesions and malignant tumors in 81.8% of cases (18/22). Additionally, there was a 95% agreement between conventional light microscopy diagnosis and telepathology in tumors (19/20), and 100% agreement for all 20 Mohs frozen section consultations. For post-operative follow-up, telephone follow-up (TFU) and text messaging proved effective, cost-efficient alternatives with high patient satisfaction (94% in New Zealand and 96% in the U.K.) and early complication identification. This study underscores TD\'s multifaceted benefits in MMS: enhanced patient experience preoperatively, improved communication during surgery, and cost-effective postoperative follow-up. Limitations include the financial expense and technical issues that can arise with TD (connectivity problems, delays in video/audio transmission, etc.). Further studies are needed to explore emerging TD modalities in post-operative patient management. The integration of TD into MMS signifies a progressive step in dermatological care, offering convenient, cost-effective, and better solutions with the potential to enhance patient experiences and outcomes.

BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for digital pathology tools became more urgent. However, there needs to be more knowledge of the use in cytology. We aimed to evaluate current digital cytology practices and attitudes and compare the results with a pre-COVID-19 American Society of Cytopathology (ASC) survey.
METHODS: Fourteen survey questions assessing current attitudes toward digital cytology were developed from a 2016 ASC Digital Pathology Survey. Ten new survey questions were also created to evaluate telecytology use. The survey was e-mailed to ASC members over 6 weeks in 2023.
RESULTS: A total of 123 individuals responded (116 in 2016). Attitudes toward digital cytology were unchanged; most participants stated digital cytology is beneficial (87% 2023 versus 90% 2016). The percentage of individuals using digital cytology was unchanged (56% in 2016 and 2023). However, telecytology for rapid onsite assessment (ROSE) is now considered the best application (55% 2023 versus 31% 2016). Forty-three institutions reported using digital and telecytology tools; 40% made implementations after 2020; most did not feel that COVID-19 affected digital cytology (56%). Telecytology for ROSE is the most common application now (78%) compared with education (30%) in 2016. Limitations for implementing digital imaging in cytology included inability to focus (38%) and expense (33%).
CONCLUSIONS: General attitudes toward digital tools by the cytology community have essentially remained the same between 2016 and now. However, telecytology for ROSE is increasingly being used, which supports a need for validation and competency guidelines.

Digital pathology (the technology whereby glass histology slides are scanned at high resolution, digitised, stored and shared with pathologists, who can view them using microscopy software on a screen) is transforming the delivery of clinical diagnostic pathology services around the world. In addition to adding value to clinical histopathology practice, digital histology slides provide a versatile medium to achieve the educational needs of a variety of learners including undergraduate students, postgraduate doctors in training and those pursuing continuing professional development portfolios. In this guide, we will review the principal use cases for digital slides in training and education and I will share tips for successful use of digital pathology to support a range of learners based on experience gathered at Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Trust and the National Pathology Imaging Co-Operative during the last 5 years of digital slide usage.