绵羊maedi-visna病毒(MVV)和山羊关节炎-脑炎病毒(CAEV)是小反刍动物慢病毒(SRLV),具有惊人的遗传和结构相似性。在蒙古绵羊和山羊中存在SRLV的血清学证明是在十多年前;然而,病毒基因型仍然未知。总的来说,从两个绵羊品种中收集了329份血液样本(即,Khalkha和Sumber)在Tov,Govisumber,Arkhangay,多诺戈维奇,Zavkhan,和苏赫巴托省,蒙古。进行血清学和系统发育分析,无论任何明显的临床症状,尽管大多数动物看起来很健康。六个省中的三个省的所有绵羊都是血清阴性的,而Tov中的血清阳性率,Govisumber,扎夫汗省平均为7.9%。使用半巢式聚合酶链反应测试血清反应阳性动物的基因组DNA,从九份样品中确定亚基因组SRLV序列。蒙古SRLV序列聚集在发散的A22亚型中,该亚型以前仅在肥沃的新月地区发现,包括黎巴嫩,乔丹,伊朗,发生了第一批绵羊驯化(Ovisaries)。根据系统发育分析,基因型A有来自古代肥沃新月的两个祖先:(1)土耳其菌株和(2)伊朗,约旦,和黎巴嫩菌株。第一个祖先向西传播,而第二次向东传播,最终到达蒙古。
The ovine maedi-visna virus (MVV) and caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) are small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) with striking genetic and structural similarities. The presence of SRLV in Mongolian sheep and goats was serologically demonstrated more than a decade ago; however, the viral genotype remains unknown. In total, 329 blood samples were collected from two sheep breeds (i.e., Khalkha and Sumber) in Tov, Govisumber, Arkhangay, Dornogovi, Zavkhan, and Sukhbaatar provinces, Mongolia. Serological and phylogenetic analyses were performed regardless of any apparent clinical signs, although most of the animals appeared healthy. All sheep in three of the six provinces were seronegative, whereas the seroprevalence in the Tov, Govisumber, and Zavkhan provinces averaged 7.9%. Genomic DNA from seropositive animals was tested using hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction, and sub-genomic SRLV sequences were determined from nine samples. Mongolian SRLV sequences clustered within the divergent subtype A22, which was previously found only in Fertile Crescent regions, including Lebanon, Jordan, and Iran, where the first sheep-domestication (Ovis aries) occurred. According to the phylogenetic analysis, genotype A has two ancestors from the ancient Fertile Crescent: (1) Turkish strains and (2) Iranian, Jordanian, and Lebanese strains. The first ancestor spread westward, whereas the second spread eastward, ultimately reaching Mongolia.