■嗅觉感知指纹(OPF)使用感知描述符等级(例如气味愉悦,强度)为一组气味。OPFs已被证明能够区分患有COVID相关嗅觉功能障碍(OD)的患者和健康对照,准确率为86%。然而,所有参与者评价相同的气味。为了评估OPFs是否确实独立于气味,Lötsch等人先前发表的数据集。被重新分析。此外,这个独立的数据集用于检查OPFs是否将各种原因导致的OD患者与对照组分开.
■该研究包括104名对照和42名患者,他们被随机分成四个气味组,每组10种气味剂。使用计算机控制的嗅觉计呈现气味,并使用令人愉悦的感知描述符在1(根本不是)到5(非常)的量表上进行评估,密集,熟悉的,可食用,刺激性,冷/暖,和痛苦。
■方差的置换多变量分析表明,气味集对OPFs没有显着影响,确认OPFs确实是独立的气味剂。另一方面,诊断和年龄都影响OPFs(p<.001),并解释了OPFs方差的11%和5%左右,分别。此外,一种有监督的机器学习方法,随机森林分类器,表明OPF可以区分患者和对照组,准确率为80%。
■OPFs与气味无关。患者认为气味不太熟悉,不那么强烈,比对照组更可食用。其他感知描述符对于患者和对照的分离不那么重要。
■3.
UNASSIGNED: An olfactory perceptual fingerprint (OPF) defines one\'s olfactory perception using perceptual descriptor ratings (such as odor pleasantness, intensity) for a set of odors. OPFs have been shown to distinguish patients with COVID-related olfactory dysfunction (OD) and healthy controls with 86% accuracy. However, all participants rated the same odorants. With the aim to evaluate whether the OPFs are indeed odorant independent, previously published dataset by Lötsch et al. was reanalyzed. Furthermore, this independent dataset was used to check whether the OPFs separate patients with OD due to various causes from controls.
UNASSIGNED: The study included 104 controls and 42 patients, who were randomized into four odor sets with 10 odorants each. Odorants were presented using a computer-controlled olfactometer and evaluated on scales from 1 (not at all) to 5 (very) using perceptual descriptors pleasant, intensive, familiar, edible, irritating, cold/warm, and painful.
UNASSIGNED: Permutational multivariate analysis of variance showed that the odor set did not have a significant effect on the OPFs, confirming that the OPFs are indeed odorant independent. On the other hand, both diagnosis and age affected the OPFs (p < .001) and explained around 11% and 5% of the variance of the OPFs, respectively. Furthermore, a supervised machine learning method, random forest classifier, showed that OPF can distinguish patients and controls with 80% accuracy.
UNASSIGNED: OPFs are odorant independent. Patients perceived odors as less familiar, less intense, and less edible than controls. Other perceptual descriptors were much less important for the separation of patients and controls.
UNASSIGNED: 3.