目的:在老年规范护士的实践环境中,确定和综合与年龄歧视相关的证据。
方法:遵循乔安娜·布里格斯研究所方法的系统综述。
方法:该综述包括以老年护士为主要研究人群的实证研究,以及关注老年护士工作环境中年龄歧视的研究,包括解决工作场所年龄歧视的策略或干预措施。经过初步筛选,所有相关研究均由两名评审员进行了严格评估,以确保它们适合纳入评审.本综述采用了无荟萃分析报告(SWiM)的综合指南。
方法:在线医学文献分析和检索系统,Scopus,搜索了心理信息数据库和护理和相关健康文献的累积指数以及Google学者,以确定实证研究,并访问了一系列学术机构网站以获取硕士学位和博士学位论文和论文。搜索范围为2022年1月至2022年5月,仅考虑从2000年起的英文出版物。
结果:纳入19项研究,十项定性研究,七项定量研究和两种混合方法的二次分析。我们的结果显示,对老年护士的能力和技能的负面看法和信念在他们的实践环境中普遍存在,这影响了老年护士的健康和福祉以及他们继续执业。Further,通过对老龄化有积极的个人看法,可以促进老年护士继续执业,在他们的实践环境中有意义的关系,并在一个包容年龄的环境中工作。
结论:为了对抗老年护士的年龄歧视,并支持他们继续执业,有效的干预措施应该是组织主导的。干预措施应侧重于促进老年护士与其同事和管理人员之间有意义的关系。Further,医疗机构应实施举措,促进包容年龄的工作环境,支持不同年龄的护理队伍。
■评论结果为医疗保健管理者提供了见解,决策者和研究人员,强调医疗机构需要制定反年龄歧视政策。根据WHO(2021)在职培训期间的角色扮演和模拟等教育活动也可能是有效的干预措施。此外,将反年龄歧视倡议纳入员工会议,并强制开展反年龄歧视培训,可以支持老年护士继续执业,同时培养更加多样化的护理队伍.
结论:我们发现了老年护士工作场所存在年龄歧视的证据,以及年龄歧视对老年护士的幸福感和持续实践的不利影响。重要的是,我们发现缺乏解决年龄歧视和支持老年护士的组织举措.这些发现应鼓励医疗机构解决老年护士实践环境中的年龄歧视,并促使政策制定者制定年龄包容性政策,以支持老年护士继续实践。
■使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目和没有荟萃分析检查表的综合来报告筛选过程。
■审查的PROSPERO注册号为CRD42022320214(https://www.crd.约克。AC.uk/prospro/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022320214)。没有患者或公共贡献。
OBJECTIVE: To identify and synthesise evidence related to ageism in older regulated nurses\' practice settings.
METHODS: A systematic review following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.
METHODS: The review included empirical studies that involved older nurses as the primary study population and studies that focused on ageism in older nurses\' work environments, including strategies or interventions to address ageism within the workplace. Following the initial screening, all relevant studies were critically appraised by two reviewers to ensure they were appropriate to include in the review. A synthesis without meta-analysis reporting (SWiM) guideline was employed in the review.
METHODS: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Systems Online, Scopus, Psychological Information Database and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Google Scholar were searched to identify empirical studies and a range of academic institutional websites were accessed for master\'s and doctoral dissertations and theses. The search covered the period from January 2022 to May 2022, and only publications in English from 2000 onwards were considered.
RESULTS: Nineteen studies were included, ten qualitative studies, seven quantitative studies and two mixed methods secondary analyses. Our results revealed that negative perceptions and beliefs about older nurses\' competencies and skills prevail in their practice settings, which influences older nurses\' health and well-being as well as their continuation of practice. Further, older nurses\' continuation of practice can be facilitated by having a positive personal outlook on ageing, meaningful relationships in their practice settings and working in an environment that is age-inclusive.
CONCLUSIONS: To combat ageism in older nurses\' practice settings and support their continuation of practice, effective interventions should be organisational-led. The interventions should focus on fostering meaningful relationships between older nurses and their colleagues and managers. Further, healthcare institutions should implement initiatives to promote an age-inclusive work environment that supports an age-diverse nursing workforce.
UNASSIGNED: The review findings offer insights for healthcare managers, policymakers and researchers, emphasising the need for anti-ageism policies in healthcare organisations. According to WHO (2021), educational activities such as role-playing and simulation during in-service training may also be effective interventions. Additionally, incorporating anti-ageism initiatives into staff meetings and mandating anti-ageism training could support the continuation of practice for older nurses while fostering a more age-diverse nursing workforce.
CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence on the presence of ageism in older nurses\' workplace and the detrimental effects of ageism on older nurses\' well-being and continuation of practice. Importantly, we identified a lack of organisational initiatives to address ageism and support older nurses. These findings should encourage healthcare organisations to address ageism in older nurses\' practice settings and prompt policymakers to develop age-inclusive policies that support older nurses\' continuation of practice.
UNASSIGNED: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Synthesis Without Meta-analysis checklists were used to report the screening process.
UNASSIGNED: The PROSPERO registration number for the review was CRD42022320214 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022320214). No Patient or Public Contribution.