UNASSIGNED: Mondor Disease is superficial thrombophlebitis mostly located in the thoracic-abdominal wall, mid-upper arm, and penis. The disease can affect all people over 30 years old regardless of race, ethnicity but affects women more than men. The importance of this study case consists on being the first reported case of Mondor Disease in Albania.
METHODS: In this study, a case of superficial thrombophlebitis affecting the thoraco-epigastric veins in the right chest wall is reported. Evidence of a palpable cord in the inferior outer quadrant of the breast was noted. The patient, a 49-year-old female who has been in menopause from March of 2021, presented with chest pain ought to two months of exaggerated physical activity.
UNASSIGNED: A detailed subjective and objective examination was performed. All laboratory data, including tests for COVID-19, showed normal range value except ESR. For 2 weeks under treatment with Ibuprofen, the chest pain was subsided but the palpable cord in the chest wall was persistent.
CONCLUSIONS: Reviewing the literature and after the Color Doppler examination it has been concluded in this diagnose. It was difficult to determine the diagnosis because of no previous experience with such clinical case.

Penile Mondor\'s disease is a rare condition characterized by superficial dorsal vein thrombosis of the penis, whose pathogenesis remains unclear. Prolonged or aggressive sexual intercourse has been identified as a potential risk factor. We present a case of a 54-year-old man who developed a penile mass following aggressive sexual activity. Diagnosis of superficial dorsal vein thrombosis was made using ultrasound and confirmed by MRI. The patient underwent conservative treatment and abstained from sexual activity. After four weeks, complete resolution of the thrombus was observed. This case emphasizes the importance of healthcare professionals, particularly urologists, in recognizing and managing Penile Mondor\'s disease.

BACKGROUND: Mondor disease is superficial thrombophlebitis of the thoracoabdominal wall, mid-upper arm, and penis. Although it is usually a benign disease requiring no specific treatment, little is known about this disease owing to its rarity.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective observational study was to investigate the epidemiology and prognosis of Mondor disease.
METHODS: We conducted a single-center observational study of patients with Mondor disease. Patients who received a diagnosis of Mondor disease between 2015 and 2020 were analyzed. The patients\' medical records were manually reviewed to obtain the following variables: date of diagnosis, patient\'s age, sex, department of diagnosing physicians, underlying diseases, medications, surgery, and time until resolution of the lesion. We also reviewed the 1-year mortality, 1-year occurrence of malignancy, and recurrence of Mondor disease.
RESULTS: 20 patients were included in the study. The age of the patients ranged from 7 to 83 years, with a median of 47.5 years. Most of the patients presented with thoracoabdominal wall lesions. The underlying conditions included skin diseases, surgical procedures, breast cancer, smoking, and collagenous diseases, although more than half of the patients did not have plausible predisposing factors. About three-quarters of the patients saw a spontaneous resolution of the lesions within 4 weeks without medical or surgical treatments.
CONCLUSIONS: Considering the good prognosis of this disease, it is essential to avoid unnecessary invasive tests or treatment once the diagnosis is confirmed.

Penile Mondor disease (MD) is a palpable, painful, subcutaneous induration caused by superficial dorsal penile vein thrombosis. We report a case of penile MD that was suspected to be related to prolonged oral sildenafil use. A 46-year-old man visited our emergency department with sustained penile pain and swelling that began 7 hours after sexual intercourse. He had used oral sildenafil intermittently for 11 years and engaged in sexual intercourse the previous night after taking sildenafil. Examination revealed no evidence of intercourse-related trauma to the genital area or an increase in penile skin temperature. However, penile swelling and tenderness over the protruding dorsal penile vein were noted. A color Doppler ultrasound examination was performed immediately, which showed hyperechoic thrombosis in the right superficial dorsal penile vein that was dilated, with soft tissue swelling and no detectable flow signal in the thrombotic lesion. The patient was diagnosed as having penile MD. The patient was treated conservatively. Some reports have indicated the involvement of sildenafil in thrombogenesis. Physicians should be aware that prolonged oral sildenafil use may be associated with penile MD.

Mondor disease is characterized by an acute painful thrombophlebitis occurring at specific anatomical sites. Data on its incidence, characteristics of clinical presentation, and course are unavailable to date. We studied the course of Mondor disease in patients diagnosed and followed at the University Hospital Zurich (Switzerland) between 2004 and 2020. The primary study outcomes were a diagnosis of active cancer either at the time of clinical diagnosis of Mondor disease or within 1 year, as well as 1-year all-cause death and recurrent Mondor disease. We included 45 patients and classified them into one of the three Mondor disease subgroups: thoracic (n = 26), penile (n = 12), or axillary (n = 7). The median age was 39 (Q1-Q3: 30-45) years and 44% of patients were men. Surgery was the likely cause of Mondor disease in 53.8% of patients with a thoracic form, 41.7% of those with a penile location, and all of those with an axillary location. Known active cancer was present in nine (20%) of 45 patients at baseline. One-year follow-up was available for 43 patients (median 94 months), whereas 6-month data were available for the remaining two patients. During the available follow-up, no patient had a new diagnosis of cancer. In conclusion, one in five patients with Mondor disease had known cancer at the time of diagnosis. During follow-up, the rate of new cancer diagnosis and death was negligible, providing reassurance about the good prognosis of this condition. Based on these preliminary data, extended cancer screening besides what is recommended by current guidelines for the general population might not be necessary in patients with Mondor disease.

The model of Rembrandt\'s Bathsheba, a celebrated painting of the Louvre Museum in Paris, was his lover Hendrickje Stoffels. The picture has periodically caught the attention of the medical community because Hendrickje appears to have a condition affecting her left breast. Generally breast cancer has been proposed. The past diagnoses have been reviewed and has been proposed a new one - Mondor\'s disease - based on colour, a critique of past diagnoses, and the depth of the disease to be perceivable by the painters\' eye. Finally, the article shows a convincing comparison between Bathsheba disease and a case of Mondor\'s thrombophebites recently observed.

BACKGROUND: Congenital prepubic sinus is a rare anomaly found in the midline of the lower abdomen. Congenital prepubic sinus is usually asymptomatic in neonates, and a diagnosis is often achieved later in life after spontaneous extrusion of purulent material from the pre-existing hole in the pubic region. We present a case of congenital prepubic sinus presenting with purulent discharge after circumcision. A 4-year-old Caucasian boy presented to our urology out-patient clinic with purulent discharge from the distal part of the dorsum of his penis. He had a history of circumcision performed at a different center, 6 months ago. His parents stated that although various antibiotics were used, the purulent discharge continued for 6 months and the child had no complaints before circumcision. His condition was reported as superficial dorsal venous thrombosis, known as penile Mondor disease, in magnetic resonance imaging that was performed in the previous hospital. A physical examination revealed a small pinhole lesion at the distal part of his penis and a rigid cylindrical tube extending to the proximal side of his penis. We performed fistulography by injecting contrast material through a small angiocatheter and confirmed the diagnosis of prepubic sinus. Surgical exploration was performed and a long sinus, apparently ending as a fibrous tract at the anterior surface of his pubic symphysis, was found and resected.
CONCLUSIONS: Before congenital prepubic sinus surgery, it is critically important to rule out penile Mondor disease and the possibility of a circumcision complication (especially infective complications) mimicking congenital prepubic sinus.

Mondor\'s disease (MD) is a rare disease that manifests with a palpable cord-like induration on the body surface. In general, MD is a self-limited, benign thrombophlebitis that resolves in four to eight weeks without any specific treatment. Cases of MD can be roughly categorized into three different groups based on the site of the lesion as follows: original MD of the anterolateral thoracoabdominal wall, penile MD with dorsum and dorsolateral aspects of the penis, and axillary web syndrome with mid-upper arm after axillary surgery. The diagnosis of MD is rather straightforward and based on a physical examinations. However, some case occur \"secondary\" with another underlying disease, including malignancy, a hypercoagulative state, and vasculitis. Therefore, it is critical to identify MD precisely, evaluate any possible underlying disease, and avoid any unnecessary invasive tests or treatment. In this paper, we comprehensively review the clinical characteristics of MD.

OBJECTIVE: Axillary web syndrome (AWS) is known to occur after axillary dissection and has been reported after axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy (ASLNB) for breast cancer. However, the incidence and outcomes of AWS after ASLNB for melanoma are unknown.
METHODS: A retrospective review of prospectively collected, clinically node-negative patients undergoing ASLNB for melanoma at a single institution during a 14-year period was conducted to determine the incidence of AWS. Features pertaining to patients (age and gender), primary tumor (location, Breslow\'s depth), and nodes (number removed, positive node rate) were correlated with the occurrence of AWS.
RESULTS: Of the 465 patients undergoing ASLNB, 21 (4.5%) developed AWS postoperatively. In comparison, the incidence of other complications in this population were infection 3%, bleeding 1.5%, wound dehiscence .8%, lymphocele 5%, and lymphedema .4%. There was no statistical difference between patients with or without AWS in terms of tumor thickness, location of primary (upper extremity vs trunk), average number of sentinel nodes removed, positive SLNB rates (10% vs 12%), patient age, or gender. All cases of AWS resolved with expectant management; none required surgical intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: AWS is a notable complication of ASLNB for melanoma, with an incidence as high or higher than \"standard\" complications. AWS should, therefore, be included in the preoperative discussion of possible complications of ASLNB. Traditional patient, tumor, and nodal factors are not predictive of AWS. Patients should be counseled that AWS usually responds to symptomatic treatment and resolves with time.

BACKGROUND: Mondor disease (MD), a superficial thrombophlebitis of the thoraco-epigastric veins and their confluents is rarely reported in the literature. The superior epigastric vein is the most affected vessel but involvement of the inferior epigastric vessels or their branches have also been described. There is no universal consensus on treatment in the literature but most authors suggest symptomatic treatment with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
METHODS: We report the case of a marathon runner who presented with right iliac fossa pain mimicking the clinical symptomatology of an acute appendicitis. The history and the calculated Alvarado score were not in favor of an acute appendicitis. This situation motivated multiple investigations and we finally arrived at the diagnosis of MD.
CONCLUSIONS: Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common cause of surgical emergencies and one of the most frequent indications for an urgent abdominal surgical procedure around the world. In some cases, right lower quadrant pain remains unclear in spite of US, CT scan, and exclusion of urological and gynecological causes, thus we need to think of some rare pathologies like MD.
CONCLUSIONS: MD is often mentioned in the differential diagnosis of breast pathologies but rarely in abdominal pain assessment. It should be mentioned in the differential diagnosis of the right lower quadrant pain when the clinical presentation is unclear and when acute appendicitis has been excluded. Awareness of MD can avoid misdiagnosis and decrease extra costs by sparing unnecessary imaging.