BACKGROUND: Racism in healthcare leads to significant harm to healthcare professionals and the clients, families and communities they serve. Increasingly, health practitioner regulators-responsible for protecting the public and ensuring practitioner competence-are recognising the importance of reforming policies and practices to contribute to antiracist regulatory approaches. Examples of this work include developing specific standards of practice related to antiracism and antidiscrimination, supporting education and training, re-evaluating discriminatory licensure policies for internationally educated professionals and reforming internal governance structures to address unconscious bias. An understanding of the current state of literature can help identify knowledge gaps and inform the development of research agendas that can build the evidence base required to improve health practitioner regulators\' approaches to addressing racism.The objective of this scoping review is to explore the nature, extent and range of literature focused on racism and health practitioner regulation and identify gaps in the literature.
METHODS: The review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines for scoping reviews. Database searches will include OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection. The review will include papers that discuss how health practitioner regulation can contribute to and perpetuate interpersonal and institutional racism, and how regulatory policies and practices can help address racism. We will also search for grey literature using the websites of leading regulatory organisations. Data will be analysed using descriptive statistics and conventional content analysis. Findings will be presented using evidence tables and a narrative summary. Reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews.
BACKGROUND: Ethics approval is not applicable to this review protocol. Findings will be disseminated through presentations, meetings with health practitioner regulators and a publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Research shows that the arts hold a particular potential for promoting health, well-being and social inclusion for vulnerable people. However, the use and consumption of the arts tend to be socially skewed in favour of people with high cultural, social and economic capital. While extensive research has been conducted on how to create equal access to arts activities for vulnerable groups, little research has investigated how to ensure meaningful engagement with the arts by this group. Shared Reading (SR) has had considerable success in engaging vulnerable groups in collective literary practices, and research suggests that this may partly be due to the unique forms of social and literary engagement that the concept fosters. These forms of engagement, we suggest, lay the foundation for a sense of equality among participants that may promote social connectedness and well-being. On this basis, the present study aims to investigate whether and how a sense of equality may play a role in SR practices. The study found that SR promotes a sense of equality by creating a space where social interaction and relatedness does not hinge on social roles, but rather on lived experiences-and vulnerabilities inherent to these-conveyed through literary texts and shared among participants. However, to promote a sense of equality in SR, meaningful engagement for all participants must be ensured, making facilitation an essential element of SR practices and an important focus in arts interventions in general. We conclude that SR, and arts interventions more generally, may be a promising way to promote a sense of equality, but further research is needed on the specific qualities of and potential contexts for the promotion of a sense of equality.

Works of fiction play a crucial role in the production of cultural stereotypes. Concerning gender, a widely held presumption is that many such works ascribe agency to men and passivity to women. However, large-scale diachronic analyses of this notion have been lacking. This paper provides an assessment of agency attributions in 87,531 fiction works written between 1850 and 2010. It introduces a syntax-based approach for extracting networks of character interactions. Agency is then formalized as a dyadic property: Does a character primarily serve as an agent acting upon the other character or as recipient acted upon by the other character? Findings indicate that female characters are more likely to be passive in cross-gender relationships than their male counterparts. This difference, the gender agency gap, has declined since the 19th century but persists into the 21st. Male authors are especially likely to attribute less agency to female characters. Moreover, certain kinds of actions, especially physical and villainous ones, have more pronounced gender disparities.

This contribution considers a monthly seminar, Literature and Psychoanalysis, that has been taking place at Sofia University (Sofia, Bulgaria) since 2017. Three of the seminar\'s founders reflect on the transferences between literature and psychoanalysis, and on the ways in which literature and psychoanalysis can meaningfully converse. The exchange also touches on the fate of Freud\'s textual legacy in communist and post-communist Bulgaria.

BACKGROUND: The estimated prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) worldwide, in China, and Shanghai is 17.2%, 18.0% and 23.2%, respectively. In 2021, Shanghai housed a population of 3.2 million childbearing-age migrant women, most of whom migrated to the city with their husbands for economic reasons. There is a general lack of help-seeking behaviour for mental disorders in China due to the perceived risk of social stigmatisation. In Shanghai, 70% of women did not seek professional help for perinatal mental health problems. We aim to gather information from multiple perspectives, such as the migrant women with PPD and perinatal depression (PND), their caregivers, health service providers and communities, to understand the help-seeking behaviour of postpartum migrant women with PPD or PND in China.
METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework for Scoping Reviews will guide this review. A bilingual research librarian developed a comprehensive search strategy to retrieve published and unpublished English and Chinese studies involving factors influencing women\'s PPD or PND help-seeking behaviour in China. This literature includes perceptions, views, patterns, acceptance and refusal, tendencies, probability, service accessibility and utilisation, and facts. We will search PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL for English literature and CINKI for Chinese literature. Backward and forward snowball approaches will be used to identify additional relevant papers from the reference lists of selected papers. Two independent reviewers will screen the title and abstract and review the full text of selected papers to identify eligible articles for data extraction. We will build a Microsoft Access database to record the extracted data. The results will be presented in tables and a causal map to demonstrate the relationships between extracted variables and help-seeking behaviours for PPD and PND. A conceptual simulation model will be formulated based on the information from the literature to validate the logic of the relationships between variables, identify knowledge gaps and gain insights into potential intervention approaches. Experts and stakeholders will be invited to critique and comment on the results during group model building (GMB) workshops in Shanghai. These comments will be essential to validate the findings, receive feedback and obtain additional insights.
BACKGROUND: The literature review component of our study does not require ethical approval because the information and data collected will be obtained from publicly available sources and will not involve human subjects. Our collaborating research partner, International Peach Maternal Child Hospital, obtained the IRB approval (GKLW-A-2023-020-01) for screening and enrolling participants in GMB workshops. Stanford University received IRB approval under protocol number 67 419. The full review will be presented at a relevant conference and submitted to a peer-reviewed scientific journal for publication to report findings.

OBJECTIVE: This investigation aims to analyze the characteristics and development of literature and advocate to include \"Somatopsychic\" as a Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) term.
BACKGROUND: The interplay between physiological processes and psychological conditions, commonly referred to as \"Somatopsychic,\" has garnered increasing attention in scientific literature over the years.
METHODS: Somatopsychic-related research from the Scopus database using (Text word) and (MeSH) features. Publications were collected on Mar 22, 2023. The publication output was then analyzed using the R package\'s bibliometrics (Biblioshiny) and VOSviewer.
RESULTS: In this study, search results for \"somatopsychic\" using (MeSH) resulted in a predictable return of 0 articles. Meanwhile, based on a search with (Text word), this study retrieved 306 documents for an unlimited period (and yielded published articles between 1913 and 2022). The analysis also revealed that 3,176 authors contributed to publications related to somatopsychic, with the United States ranking first in terms of authorship. In addition, the study presented a co-word network that illustrated frequent co-occurrence of particular keywords within somatopsychic research.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that somatopsychic-related publications are becoming increasingly prevalent. Adding somatopsychic as a dedicated term to the MeSH thesaurus of the National Library of Medicine would assist in indexing and retrieving the most pertinent literature on this topic (Tab. 3, Fig. 5, Ref. 51).

This systematic review, conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, scrutinizes mathematical models employed in the study of Lassa fever. The analysis revealed the inherent heterogeneity in both models and data, posing significant challenges to parameter estimation. While health and behavioral interventions exhibit promise in mitigating the disease\'s spread, their efficacy is contingent upon contextual factors. Identified through this review are critical gaps, limitations, and avenues for future research, necessitating increased harmonization and standardization in modeling approaches. The considerations of seasonal and spatial variations emerge as crucial elements demanding targeted investigation. The perpetual threat of emerging diseases, coupled with the enduring public health impact of Lassa fever, underscores the imperative for sustained research endeavors and investments in mathematical modeling. The conclusion underscored that while mathematical modeling remains an invaluable tool in the combat against Lassa fever, its optimal utilization mandates multidisciplinary collaboration, refined data collection methodologies, and an enriched understanding of the intricate disease dynamics. This comprehensive approach is essential for effectively reducing the burden of Lassa fever and safeguarding the health of vulnerable populations.

Second wave feminist legal and educational reform contributed to the fourfold rise in the number of women doctors in the United States between 1970 and 1990, challenging the hierarchical medical workplace from within. At the same moment, the feminist women\'s health movement (FWHM) identified and protested gendered health disparities, changing medical practice from without. This article analyses five women doctors\' autobiographical reflections of medical training published between 1976 and 1987, during this period of gendered upheaval. In these works, authors shared their experiences of entering a male-dominated profession, addressing second wave feminist concerns about women\'s workplace equality. They explored whether women could become full and equal members of the medical professional, but also how women should become members of a profession that mistreated female patients in ways the FWHM sought to address. Through autobiographical writing, women doctors shared experiences that amplified these reform imperatives, while reflecting on their position as agents within an unequal healthcare system.

King Lear is a timeless exposition of humankind\'s attempt to find meaning amidst the ceaseless turbulence of existence. This entails navigating the disintegrating pulls of nature and harmful human action that exist alongside affiliative, life-promoting gestures shown toward one another. As the predictability and safety afforded by social and two-dimensional psychic constructs collapse, several characters in this play are forced to reckon with the untamed, less organized realms of the mind and natural world. This leads to movements toward psychic paralysis and disintegration, as well as toward growth and interpersonal healing, dynamics that hinge on the characters\' internal structuring.

BACKGROUND: Waste in medical research is a relatively well-known issue. However, only a few initiatives exist to address this issue. Lean Management methods (Lean) were developed in industrial manufacturing and later applied within healthcare improvement. Overall, the results from studies of the application of Lean to healthcare appear to be positive in terms of greater efficiency regarding treatment outcomes and patient care. Nevertheless, the application of Lean to improve research processes is not well studied and, given that research alongside clinical practice and experiential knowledge provides the foundation for the treatment and care of patients, it is paramount to identify approaches and review the degree to which they increase efficiency within research procedures. Therefore, this review will scope the landscape of studies that investigated Lean and how to implement Lean in research processes, particularly regarding healthcare research.
METHODS: Our approach follows the methodological framework of Arksey and O\'Malley for conducting scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The search strategy for this scoping review was developed using the PCC model. We will identify the relevant literature by searching four search databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Academic Search Premier and Business Source Complete. Next, we will use citation pearl growing to identify all relevant published literature. The data charting process will follow the PRISMA-ScR checklist and will be organised using NVivo. We will generate qualitative and quantitative assessments of the extracted data by using NVivo, RStudio and Excel. We will follow the PRISMA-ScR guideline when reporting the results.
BACKGROUND: The review will comprise existing published studies and no primary data will be collected. Our findings will be shared through open access peer-reviewed journals, national and international conferences and emails to all relevant collaborative relationships. We plan to disseminate our findings via academic social media platforms, newspaper articles and blogposts.