Validation of bioanalytical methods is crucial, especially in the pharmaceutical industry, to determine their suitability for specific purposes and the accuracy of analytical results. The pseudovirion-based neutralization assay (PBNA) is considered the gold standard for detecting and quantifying neutralizing antibodies against human papillomavirus in vaccine development for disease prevention. This paper introduces an improved triple-color PBNA method, capable of simultaneous detection of two or three human papillomavirus (HPV types for use in the development of a 14-valent HPV vaccine candidate. The primary objective was to comprehensively validate the triple-color PBNA method for general vaccine immunogenicity assays. Results show that the method has good specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, robustness, and applicability. This innovative triple-color PBNA offers an improved approach for large-scale immunogenicity assessment in vaccine development. This study lays a solid foundation that can serve as a guiding paradigm for assessing vaccine responses in preclinical and clinical phases, providing valuable insights to the field.

Cervical cancer remains a significant health burden in China, characterized by high incidence and mortality rates, which are exacerbated by low Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage, leading to substantial loss of productivity, emotional suffering, and family strain. Understanding factors that influence HPV awareness and knowledge is crucial for developing effective educational strategies. This cross-sectional study, conducted from September to October 2022, involved 2,679 college students from various educational institutions in Jiangsu Province, China. Data were collected via an online questionnaire covering demographics, HPV knowledge, and vaccination behaviors. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests and multifactorial logistic regression, were used to identify factors influencing HPV knowledge. The study revealed that while over 90% of students correctly identified HPV\'s transmission and risks, significant knowledge gaps and misconceptions persist, particularly regarding HPV\'s association with HIV/AIDS and its treatment. Factors significantly associated with better HPV knowledge included age (22-24 years), female gender, being a medical major, being in a relationship, familiarity with HPV, and participation in sexual education programs. Despite a high willingness to receive the HPV vaccine (91.64%), actual vaccination rates remained low. These findings suggest that while Chinese college students were generally aware of HPV, targeted educational interventions are essential to address knowledge gaps and promote HPV vaccination effectively.

OBJECTIVE: Given the implications of concurrent human papilloma viral infection (HPV) in the prognostic course and implications on therapeutic approached of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we seek to investigate the implications that P16 expression has on the clinical course and pathological appearance of patients with OSCC and concurrent infection.
METHODS: Using S-P immunohistochemistry, we examined the expression of P16 and Ki67 in 460 patients with OSCC. We compared the expression of the protein between the tumor cells and normal epithelial mucosa within the same patient. The clinical and pathological characteristics (including gender, age, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, clinical recurrence, tumor diameter, Ki67 proliferation index) were analyzed by stratification statistically.
RESULTS: In total 460 cases of OSCC were identified and expression of P16 was significantly higher in the OSCC group compared to the normal mucosal epithelial group (X2 = 60.545, p = .000). There also appear to be a gender predilection as the expression was higher in females compared to males (0.218 vs. 0.144, X2 = 3.921, p = .048). Younger age also appears to be a predictive factor as those under 35 years old had higher expression of the protein compared to those over 35 years old (0.294 vs. 0.157, X2 = 4.230, p = .040). P16 positivity showed a significant positive correlation with histologic grade (X2 = 4.114, p = .043). In addition, the positive rate of P16 was higher in patients with ki67 over 85% (0.455 vs. 0.160, X2 = 6.667, p = .023).
CONCLUSIONS: OSCC with HPV infection tends to occur more frequently in female patients and those under 35 years of age. HPV infection with expression of the P16 and ki67 protein may promote the proliferation and growth of OSCC at a higher frequency.

UNASSIGNED: Cervical cancer remains a global health challenge, claiming the lives of millions annually and having a significant impact on Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Human papillomavirus (HPV), the primary causative agent, plays a central role, with regional variations in prevalence.1 The process from HPV infection to neoplastic changes takes 5-25 years to occur, hence, knowing its prevalence in our community is vital.2.
UNASSIGNED: PubMed and SCOPUS were searched to identify articles related to cervical and anogenital HPV prevalence and genotypes in Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) published between 2017 and 2024.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 19 articles were included in this review. Eight studies were from KSA, four were from Kuwait, three were from the UAE, one was from Qatar, Oman, and Bahrain, and one presented data collectively from the KSA, UAE, Qatar, and Bahrain. The prevalence of HPV ranged between 4.7% and 77% in studies from the KSA, between 15% and 54.3% in studies from Kuwait, between 14.7% and 88% in studies from the UAE, was 8.1% and 31.3% in the two studies from Qatar, and was 17.8% and 20% in the studies from Oman and Bahrain, respectively. HPV 16 was the most prevalent high-risk genotype found in studies conducted in the KSA, UAE, Kuwait, and Qatar. In Oman, HPV 82 predominated. In Bahrain, the majority had other non-HPV 16/18/45 genotypes. In the UAE and Kuwait, HPV 11 was the predominant low-risk type, followed by HPV 6. In Qatar, HPV 81 was the most common low-risk type, followed by HPV 11. In Oman, HPV 54 was the most common low-risk type, followed by HPV 42.
UNASSIGNED: There are no studies with data on HPV prevalence and genotypes among women who have been vaccinated against HPV in GCC countries.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide. The identification of human papillomavirus (HPV) as the main etiologic cause of cervical cancer has led to the development and adaptation of HPV molecular diagnostics as a cervical cancer screening and prevention tool. This article highlights six Food and Drug Administration-approved HPV molecular platforms, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. In addition, HPV vaccination and the emergence of HPV self-collection as an alternative testing strategy are discussed.

Human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. Improving knowledge and attitude is the key to controlling and preventing, but women\'s knowledge about this virus is not enough. This study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention based on planned behavior theory on knowledge and attitude toward HPV and its vaccination in women of reproductive age. The study was a single-blind, randomized clinical trial study with a control group was done in 2022, which was conducted on 85 women referred to selected comprehensive health centers in Shiraz, Iran. In this study, the sampling was performed is a multi-stage random way. Eighty-three women who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. The data collection tool was the knowledge and attitude questionnaire about HPV and its vaccine, which was confirmed to be valid and reliable. Data analysis was performed with descriptive and analytic statistics at a significance level of P < 0.05 with SPSS (22) software. The results showed that the educational intervention has caused a significant increase in the components of knowledge, attitude, social norms, perceived behavior control, and willingness to receive the HPV vaccine in the intervention group. So that in both stages after the intervention, there was a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group in the studied components (P < 0.05). The educational intervention based on the planned behavior theory significantly affected the knowledge, attitude, social norms, and intention for HPV vaccination in women of reproductive age. Therefore, educational intervention recommended as awareness-raising programs and strategies for women.Trial registration: (RCT code: IRCT20220131053891N1). First Registration date: 28/04/2022.

Persistent high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR HPVs) infection leads to the development of squamous intraepithelial lesions in cervical cells that may lead to cancer. The telomere length, telomerase activity, and species composition of the vaginal microbiome may influence the dynamic of changes and the process of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we analyze relative telomere length (RTL), relative hTERT expression (gene for the telomerase component-reverse transcriptase) in cervical smear cells and vaginal microbiomes. Total RNA and DNA were isolated from tissue samples of 109 patients from the following groups: control, carrier, low-grade or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (L SIL and H SIL, respectively), and cancer. The quantitative PCR method was used to measure telomere length and telomerase expression. Vaginal microbiome bacteria were divided into community state types using morphotype criteria. Significant differences between histopathology groups were confirmed for both relative telomere length and relative hTERT expression (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). A significant difference in RTL was identified between carriers and H SIL (p adj < 0.001) groups, as well as between carriers and L SIL groups (p adj = 0.048). In both cases, RTL was lower among carriers. The highest relative hTERT expression level was recorded in the H SIL group, and the highest relative hTERT expression level was recorded between carriers and the H SIL group (p adj < 0.001). A correlation between genotype and biocenosis was identified for genotype 16+A (p < 0.001). The results suggest that identification of HPV infection, telomere length assessment, and hTERT expression measurement together may be more predictive than each of these analyses performed separately.

Background/Objective: The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) remains significant, with a rising prevalence of HPV-positive (HPV+) cases, underscoring the growing importance of appropriate treatment approaches for this condition. While HPV+ OPC typically exhibits a more favorable prognosis than HPV-negative (HPV-) OPC, certain HPV+ OPC patients still face adverse outcomes. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of TORS versus traditional surgery in treating OPC patients and investigate the prognostic implications of specific variants in the HPV genome. Methods: The clinical information, including pathological features, treatments, and outcomes (death), of 135 OPC patients treated with traditional surgery from 2008 to 2018 (the non-TORS group) and 130 OPC patients treated with TORS from 2017 to 2021 (the TORS group) were obtained from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC). A comparative analysis of 3-year overall survival (OS) was performed between these two groups. Furthermore, we conducted next-generation sequencing for the HPV16 genome of the 68 HPV+ OPC cases to characterize single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) in the HPV16 genome and evaluate its association with HPV+ OPC patient survival. Results: The comparative analysis of 3-year OS between the two groups (TORS vs. non-TORS) revealed a significant prognostic improvement in the TORS group for OPC patients with a T1-T2 classification (89.3% vs. 72.0%; p = 1.1 × 10-2), stages I-II (92.1% vs. 82.2%; p = 4.6 × 10-2), and stages III-IV (82.8% vs. 62.2%; p = 5.7 × 10-2) and for HPV- patients (85.5% vs. 33.3%; p < 1.0 × 10-6). Furthermore, three SNVs (SNV1339A>G, SNV1950A>C, and SNV4298A>G) in the HPV16 genome were identified as being associated with worse survival. These SNVs could alter protein interactions and weaken the binding affinity for MHC-II, promoting viral amplification and immune evasion. Conclusions: TORS exhibited a superior prognosis to traditional surgery in OPC patients. Additionally, identifying specific SNVs within the HPV16 genome provided potential prognostic markers for HPV+ OPC. These significant findings hold clinical relevance for treatment decision-making and prognostic assessment in patients with OPC.

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and genotypes of human papilloma virus (HPV) in Reunion Island.
METHODS: In this retrospective study, data were collected from the database of microbiology and anatomopathology laboratories from August 1st 2020 to July 31st 2021.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Reunion Island was 14.5 %. The most common HPV genotypes in Reunion Island, were as follows: cluster of HPV 56 + 59 + 66, representing 3.3 % of all samples, cluster of HPV 35 + 39 + 68 (3.2 %), HPV 16 (2.9 %), HPV 33 + 58 (2.3 %) and HPV 52 (2.2 %). HPV types contained in the vaccine accounted for 59.3 % of HPV-positive samples and significantly resulted in more severe cytological lesions compared to HPV types that were not included in the vaccine (p < 0.01). Cervical dysplasia were identified in 57.3 % of HPV-positive cases. Multiple infections were detected in 23.2 % of the cases and were more frequent among younger women (<30 years) and in pathological smears (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we highlighted that HPV genotypes contained in the vaccine are the most represented in Réunion Island and are the most likely to generate significant cytological abnormalities. Therefore, continuous efforts are necessary to increase HPV vaccination coverage, which is currently in the island among the lowest in developed countries, despite the high mortality rate associated with cervical cancer. Furthermore, considering the inequal offensive capacity of each HPV, identifying patients\' HPV infection subtype, could allow customized management and follow-up.

The vaginal microbiome (VM) is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and progression, but a thorough understanding of the relation between HPV infection, and VM needs to be elucidated. From August to December 2022, women who underwent routine gynecological examinations were screened for HPV infection. The distribution of HPV variants and clinical characteristics were collected. Then, a total of 185 participants were enrolled and divided into HPV-negative (HC), high-risk HPV (H), low-risk HPV (L), multiple high-risk HPV (HH), and mixed high-low risk HPV (HL) groups. Samples were collected from the mid-vagina of these 185 participants and sent for 16S rDNA sequencing (V3-V4 region). Among 712 HPV-positive women, the top 3 most frequently detected genotypes were HPV52, HPV58, and HPV16. Among 185 participants in the microbiology study, the β diversity of the HC group was significantly different from HPV-positive groups (P < 0.001). LEfSe analysis showed that Lactobacillus iners was a potential biomarker for H group, while Lactobacillus crispatus was for L group. Regarding HPV-positive patients, the α diversity of cervical lesion patients was remarkably lower than those with normal cervix (P < 0.05). Differential abundance analysis showed that Lactobacillus jensenii significantly reduced in cervical lesion patients (P < 0.001). Further community state type (CST) clustering displayed that CST IV was more common than other types in HC group (P < 0.05), while CST I was higher than CST IV in H group (P < 0.05). Different HPV infections had distinct vaginal microbiome features. HPV infection might lead to the imbalance of Lactobacillus spp. and cause cervical lesions.
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we first investigated the prevalence of different HPV genotypes in south China, which could provide more information for HPV vaccinations. Then, a total of 185 subjects were selected from HPV-negative, high-risk, low-risk, multiple hr-hr HPV infection, and mixed hr-lr HPV infection populations to explore the vaginal microbiome changes. This study displayed that HPV52, HPV58, and HPV16 were the most prevalent high-risk variants in south China. In addition, high-risk HPV infection was featured by Lactobacillus iners, while low-risk HPV infection was by Lactobacillus crispatus. Further sub-group analysis showed that Lactobacillus jensenii was significantly reduced in patients with cervical lesions. Finally, CST clustering showed that CST IV was the most common type in HC group, while CST I accounted the most in H group. In a word, this study for the first time systemically profiled vaginal microbiome of different HPV infections, which may add bricks to current knowledge on HPV infection and lay the foundation for novel treatment/prevention development.