背景:霍乱是埃塞俄比亚的公共卫生重点。埃塞俄比亚国家霍乱计划制定了口服霍乱疫苗(OCV)使用的多年计划。与此一致,在我们的埃塞俄比亚霍乱控制和预防项目下进行了先发制人的OCV运动。这里,我们介绍了OCV疫苗接种结果.
方法:奥罗米亚地区的霍乱高优先级热点,ShashemeneTown(ST)和ShashemeneWoreda(SW),被选中。四个烤肉串(Abosto,阿莱鲁,阿拉达,和阿瓦索)在ST和4个集群(FajiGole,Harabate,Toga,和Chabi)是研究地点,其中嵌套了OCV区域。ST和SW共有4万人和6万人,分别,目标是在2022年5月11日至15日(第一轮[R1])和5月27日至31日(第二轮[R2])进行2剂OCV(Euvichol-Plus)运动。对277个随机选择的家庭进行了每日行政OCV覆盖率和覆盖率调查。
结果:管理OCV覆盖率很高:ST中R1为102.0%,R2为100.5%,SW为99.1%(R1)和100.0%(R1)。覆盖率调查显示,有78.0%(95%置信区间[CI]:73.1-82.9)的家庭成员患有2剂量OCV,有16.8%(95%CI:12.4-21.3)的ST无OCV;2剂量OCV的83.1%(95%CI:79.6-86.5)和11.8%(95%CI:8.8-14.8)的SW无OCV。1-4-的2剂量覆盖率,5-14-,≥15岁年龄组为88.3%(95%CI:70.6-96.1),88.9%(95%CI:82.1-95.7),和71.3%(95%CI:64.2-78.3),分别,ST和78.2%(95%CI:68.8-87.7),91.0%(95%CI:86.6-95.3),和SW的78.7%(95%CI:73.2-84.1)。
结论:实现了高2剂量OCV覆盖率。需要进行霍乱监测以评估疫苗的影响和有效性。
BACKGROUND: Cholera is a public health priority in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian National Cholera Plan elaborates a multi-year scheme of oral cholera vaccine (OCV) use. Aligned with this, a preemptive OCV campaign was conducted under our Ethiopia Cholera Control and Prevention project. Here, we present the OCV vaccination outcomes.
METHODS: Cholera high-priority hotspots in the Oromia Region, Shashemene Town (ST) and Shashemene Woreda (SW), were selected. Four kebelles (Abosto, Alelu, Arada, and Awasho) in ST and 4 clusters (Faji Gole, Harabate, Toga, and Chabi) in SW were study sites with OCV areas nested within. A total of 40 000 and 60 000 people in ST and SW, respectively, were targeted for a 2-dose OCV (Euvichol-Plus) campaign in 11-15 May (first round [R1]) and 27-31 May (second round [R2]) 2022. Daily administrative OCV coverage and a coverage survey in 277 randomly selected households were conducted.
RESULTS: The administrative OCV coverage was high: 102.0% for R1 and 100.5% for R2 in ST and 99.1% (R1) and 100.0% (R1) in SW. The coverage survey showed 78.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 73.1-82.9) of household members with 2-dose OCV and 16.8% (95% CI: 12.4-21.3) with no OCV in ST; and 83.1% (95% CI: 79.6-86.5) with 2-dose OCV and 11.8% (95% CI: 8.8-14.8) with no OCV in SW. The 2-dose coverages in 1-4-, 5-14-, and ≥15-year age groups were 88.3% (95% CI: 70.6-96.1), 88.9% (95% CI: 82.1-95.7), and 71.3% (95% CI: 64.2-78.3), respectively, in ST and 78.2% (95% CI: 68.8-87.7), 91.0% (95% CI: 86.6-95.3), and 78.7% (95% CI: 73.2-84.1) in SW.
CONCLUSIONS: High 2-dose OCV coverage was achieved. Cholera surveillance is needed to assess the vaccine impact and effectiveness.