目的:研究C57BL/6J小鼠妊娠中期睡眠剥夺(SD)对子代运动协调能力的影响,探讨子代小脑疣神经小胶质细胞激活诱导运动协调能力发育受损的潜在机制。
方法:C57BL/6J孕鼠随机分为SD组和对照组。从中期妊娠的第一天(妊娠第8天,GD8)开始通过多平台方法实施SD。在出生后第21天(PND21),我们测量了运动行为的发展,并收集小脑疣组织,通过H&E染色观察小胶质细胞的活化,小胶质细胞特异性标志物离子化钙结合衔接分子-1(Iba-1)和分化簇68(CD68)的表达通过免疫组织化学,和白细胞介素-4(IL-4),白细胞介素-6(IL-6),白细胞介素-10(IL-10),和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)。
结果:在SD组的后代中,与对照组相比,平衡梁试验中的总通过时间和反向爬行距离,并且从悬挂绳跌落的频率增加;在旋转杆实验中,最大转速较低,持续时间较短。Further,我们发现小脑疣组织的小胶质细胞出现了变形虫样的激活。Iba-1的平均灰度值较低,CD68阳性细胞密度增加,IL-6和TNF-α表达水平增加。
结论:后代的运动协调能力受损,伴随着怀孕中期的SD,小脑部显示小胶质细胞激活和促炎反应。提示妊娠中期SD通过后代小脑部的炎症反应对运动协调发展的不利影响。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of mid-pregnancy sleep deprivation (SD) in C57BL/6 J mice on the motor coordination of the offspring and to explore the potential mechanism of microglia activation in the cerebellar vermis of the offspring involved in the induction of impaired motor coordination development.
METHODS: C57BL/6 J pregnant mice were randomly divided into the SD and control groups. SD was implemented by the multi-platform method from first day of the middle pregnancy (gestation day 8, GD8). At postnatal day 21 (PND21), we measured the development of motor behavior and collected cerebellar vermis tissues to observe the activation of microglia by H&E staining, the expression of microglia-specific markers ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1) and cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) by immunohistochemical, and interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).
RESULTS: In the offspring of SD group, comparing to the control group, the total time of passage and the reverse crawl distance in the balance beam test, and the frequency of falls from the suspension cord was increased; with lower max rotational speed and shorter duration in the rotarod experiment. Further, we found that the microglia of cerebellar vermis tissues emerged an amoeba-like activation. The mean gray value of Iba-1 was lower, the density of positive cells of CD68 and the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were increased.
CONCLUSIONS: The motor coordination of offspring is impaired, accompanying a SD from mid-pregnancy, and the cerebellar vermis showed microglia activation and pro-inflammatory response. It suggested the adverse effects of SD from mid-gestation on the development of motor coordination through the inflammatory response in the cerebellar vermis of the offspring.