禽痘病毒被认为仅限于禽类宿主,被认为是重要的病毒病原体,可能会影响许多脆弱或濒危鸟类的保护。最近关于爬行动物的禽痘病毒样病毒的报道表明,在鸟类和其他物种中可能存在跨物种传播。野生和海鸟中的大多数禽痘病毒仍然没有特征,和他们的遗传变异是不清楚的。这里,皮痘病变被用来恢复一种新的,来自脆弱的库克海燕(Pterodromacookii)的全长库克海痘病毒(CPPV)基因组,然后使用透射电子显微镜(TEM)检测未成熟的病毒粒子。CPPV基因组的长度为314,065bp,并包含357个预测的开放阅读框(ORF)。虽然CPPV基因组的323个ORF与其他禽痘病毒的基因产物具有最大的相似性,另外34个ORF是新颖的。随后的系统发育分析表明,CPPV与其他主要从南非鸟类中分离出的禽痘病毒最密切相关,并且与南非最近分离出的烈性痘病毒(88.9%)具有最高的序列相似性。考虑到CPPV和其他禽痘病毒之间观察到的序列相似性,痘病毒颗粒的透射电镜证据,和系统发育位置,这项研究得出结论,CPPV是禽痘病毒的独特候选物.重要性新兴病毒性疾病是一个重要的问题,对人类有潜在的后果,动物,和环境健康。在过去的几十年里,在野生动物物种中发现了多种新病毒,包括鸟类,它们会对脆弱和濒危物种构成威胁。库克的海燕目前被列为易受攻击。对物种的威胁各不相同,但是,在很大程度上,由于人为影响,比如气候变化,栖息地丧失,污染,以及人类的其他干扰。病毒病原体知识,包括库克的海燕的痘病毒目前几乎不存在。
Avipoxviruses are assumed to be restricted to avian hosts and are considered to be important viral pathogens that may impact the conservation of many vulnerable or endangered birds. Recent reports of
avipoxvirus-like viruses from reptiles suggest that cross-species transmission may be possible within birds and other species. Most of the avipoxviruses in wild and sea birds remain uncharacterized, and their genetic variability is unclear. Here, cutaneous pox lesions were used to recover a novel, full-length Cook\'s petrelpox virus (CPPV) genome from a vulnerable Cook\'s petrel (Pterodroma cookii), and this was followed by the detection of immature virions using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The CPPV genome was 314,065 bp in length and contained 357 predicted open-reading frames (ORFs). While 323 of the ORFs of the CPPV genome had the greatest similarity with the gene products of other avipoxviruses, a further 34 ORFs were novel. Subsequent phylogenetic analyses showed that the CPPV was most closely related to other avipoxviruses that were isolated mostly from South African bird species and demonstrated the highest sequence similarity with a recently isolated flamingopox virus (88.9%) in South Africa. Considering the sequence similarity observed between CPPV and other avipoxviruses, TEM evidence of poxvirus particles, and phylogenetic position, this study concluded that CPPV is a distinct candidate of avipoxviruses. IMPORTANCE Emerging viral disease is a significant concern with potential consequences for human, animal, and environmental health. Over the past several decades, multiple novel viruses have been found in wildlife species, including birds, and they can pose a threat to vulnerable and endangered species. Cook\'s petrel is currently listed as vulnerable. The threats to the species vary, but are, to a large degree, due to anthropogenic impacts, such as climate change, habitat loss, pollution, and other disturbances by humans. Knowledge of viral pathogens, including poxvirus of Cook\'s petrel is currently virtually nonexistent.