PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Avipoxviruses are considered as significant viral pathogen infecting a wide range of domestic and wild bird species globally, yet the majority of avipoxviruses that infect the wild bird species remain uncharacterized and their genetic diversities remain unclear. In this study, we present a novel pathogenic avipoxvirus isolated from the cutaneous pox lesions of a wild oriental turtle dove (Streptopelia orientalis), tentatively named as turtle dovepox virus (TDPV). The avipoxvirus was isolated by using the chorioallantoic membranes of specific pathogen-free chicken embryos which showed characteristic focal pock lesions, followed by cytopathic effects in host cells infected with oriental turtle dovepox virus. An effort in sequencing the whole genome of the poxvirus using next-generation sequencing was given, and the first whole genome sequence of TDPV was obtained. The TDPV genome was 281,386 bp in length and contained 380 predicted open reading frames (ORFs). While 336 of the predicted ORFs showed homology to other characterized avipoxviruses, the other 44 ORFs were unique. Subsequent phylogenetic analyses showed that the novel TDPV shared the closest genetic evolutionary linkage with the avipoxviruses isolated from pigeon in South Africa and India, of which the TDPV genome had the highest sequence similarity (92.5%) with South African pigeonpox virus (FeP2). In conclusion, the sequenced TDPV is significantly different from any other avipoxviruses isolated from avian or other natural host species considering genomic architecture and observed sequence similarity index. Thus, it likely should be considered a separate species. IMPORTANCE Over the past few decades, avipoxviruses have been found in a number of wild bird species including the oriental turtle dove. However, there is no whole genome sequence information on avipoxviruses isolated from oriental turtle dove, leaving us unclear about the evolutionary linkage of avipoxviruses in oriental turtle dove and other wild bird species. Thus, we believe that our study makes a significant contribution because it is the first report of the whole genome sequence of TDPV isolated from a wild oriental turtle dove, which enriches the genomic information of the genus Avipoxvirus, furthermore, contributes to tracking the genetic evolution of avipoxviruses-infected oriental turtle dove species.
摘要：
禽痘病毒被认为是重要的病毒病原体，在全球范围内感染各种家禽和野生鸟类。然而，感染野生鸟类的大多数禽痘病毒仍然没有特征，它们的遗传多样性仍不清楚。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种新的致病性禽痘病毒，该病毒是从野生东方海龟鸽子（Streptopeliaorientalis）的皮肤痘病变中分离出的，暂定名为龟痘病毒(TDPV)。通过使用无特定病原体的鸡胚的绒毛尿囊膜分离禽痘病毒，这些鸡胚表现出特征性的局灶性麻点病变，其次是感染东方龟痘病毒的宿主细胞的细胞病变效应。尝试使用下一代测序对痘病毒的整个基因组进行测序，获得了第一个TDPV全基因组序列。TDPV基因组长度为281,386bp，包含380个预测的开放阅读框（ORF）。虽然336个预测的ORF显示出与其他表征的禽痘病毒的同源性，其他44个ORF是独一无二的。随后的系统发育分析表明，新型TDPV与从南非和印度的鸽子中分离出的禽痘病毒具有最紧密的遗传进化联系，其中TDPV基因组与南非鸽痘病毒（FeP2）的序列相似性最高（92.5％）。总之,考虑到基因组结构和观察到的序列相似性指数,测序的TDPV与从禽类或其他天然宿主物种分离的任何其他禽痘病毒显著不同。因此，它可能应该被认为是一个单独的物种。重要性在过去的几十年里，已在包括东方海龟鸽子在内的许多野生鸟类中发现了病毒。然而,没有从东方海龟鸽子中分离出的禽痘病毒的全基因组序列信息，让我们不清楚在东方海龟鸽子和其他野生鸟类中的禽痘病毒的进化联系。因此，我们相信我们的研究做出了重大贡献，因为它是从野生东方海龟鸽子中分离出的TDPV全基因组序列的第一份报告，丰富了禽痘病毒属的基因组信息，此外，有助于追踪感染禽痘病毒的东方海龟鸽子物种的遗传进化。
