气候变化对全球农业可持续性构成重大威胁。农业是发展中国家国内生产总值的重要组成部分。气候变化对农业的多方面影响,强调极端天气事件,如缺水,热浪,降雨不稳定,风暴,洪水,新出现的虫害正在破坏农业生产力。农民的社会经济地位特别容易受到极端气候的影响,未来的预测表明环境空气温度会显著升高,而且不可预测,强降雨模式。农业历来依靠大量使用合成肥料,除草剂,和杀虫剂,结合灌溉和生物技术方法的进步,以提高生产力。它包括一系列旨在增强农业系统复原力的实践,提高生产率,减少温室气体排放。通过采用气候智能型做法,农民可以更好地适应不断变化的气候条件,从而确保更可持续和安全的粮食生产。此外,它确定了未来研究的关键领域,重点制定创新的适应和缓解战略。这些战略对于尽量减少气候变化对农业的有害影响和促进粮食系统的长期可持续性至关重要。本文强调了跨学科方法和先进技术整合以应对气候变化带来的挑战的重要性。通过培养对这些问题的更深入的理解,为政策制定者提供信息,研究人员,面对气候变化,保障农业生产力和粮食安全的有效战略。
Climate change poses a substantial threat to agricultural sustainability globally. Agriculture is a vital component of the gross domestic production of developing countries. The multifaceted impacts of climate change on agriculture, highlighting how extreme weather events such as water stress, heatwaves, erratic rainfall, storms, floods, and emerging pest infestations are disrupting agricultural productivity. The socioeconomic status of farmers is particularly vulnerable to climatic extremes with future projections indicating significant increment in ambient air temperatures and unpredictable, intense rainfall patterns. Agriculture has historically relied on the extensive use of synthetic fertilizers, herbicides, and insecticides, combined with advancements in irrigation and biotechnological approaches to boost productivity. It encompasses a range of practices designed to enhance the resilience of agricultural systems, improve productivity, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By adopting climate-smart practices, farmers can better adapt to changing climatic conditions, thereby ensuring more sustainable and secure food production. Furthermore, it identifies key areas for future research, focusing on the development of innovative
adaptation and mitigation strategies. These strategies are essential for minimizing the detrimental impacts of climate change on agriculture and for promoting the long-term sustainability of food systems. This article underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and the integration of advanced technologies to address the challenges posed by climate change. By fostering a deeper understanding of these issues to inform policymakers, researchers, and practitioners about effective strategies to safeguard agricultural productivity and food security in the face of changing climate.