exercise-induced muscle damage

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    我们旨在评估在存在延迟性躯干肌肉酸痛(DOMS)的情况下的高密度表面肌电图(HDsEMG)-扭矩关系,以及这些关系对同心/偏心亚最大躯干伸展收缩期间扭矩稳定性(TS)和腰椎运动的影响。20名健康人参加了3次实验室会议(间隔24小时)。用两个64电极网格从胸腰椎竖脊肌单侧记录HDsEMG信号。通过相干性(0-5Hz)和互相关分析探索了HDsEMG-扭矩信号关系。主成分分析用于HDsEMG数据降维和基于HDsEMG扭矩的估计的改进。DOMS不会降低同心或偏心的躯干伸肌力量。然而,在DOMS面前,改进的TS,观察到HDsEMG-扭矩关系和运动学变化,以收缩依赖的方式。对于偏心行李箱延伸,观察到改善的TS,腰椎屈曲运动更大,δ波段HDsEMG-扭矩相干性和互相关减少。对于同心树干延伸,观察到TS改善以及胸腰椎矢状运动减少。DOMS似乎没有削弱控制躯干肌肉力量的能力,然而,感觉到的疼痛引起的腰椎运动和肌肉募集策略的变化,如果长期维持疼痛,这可能会改变运动性能。
    We aimed to assess high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG)-torque relationships in the presence of delayed onset trunk muscle soreness (DOMS) and the effect of these relationships on torque steadiness (TS) and lumbar movement during concentric/eccentric submaximal trunk extension contractions. Twenty healthy individuals attended three laboratory sessions (24 h apart). HDsEMG signals were recorded unilaterally from the thoracolumbar erector spinae with two 64-electrode grids. HDsEMG-torque signal relationships were explored via coherence (0-5 Hz) and cross-correlation analyses. Principal component analysis was used for HDsEMG-data dimensionality reduction and improvement of HDsEMG-torque-based estimations. DOMS did not reduce either concentric or eccentric trunk extensor muscle strength. However, in the presence of DOMS, improved TS, alongside an altered HDsEMG-torque relationship and kinematic changes were observed, in a contraction-dependent manner. For eccentric trunk extension, improved TS was observed, with greater lumbar flexion movement and a reduction in δ-band HDsEMG-torque coherence and cross-correlation. For concentric trunk extensions, TS improvements were observed alongside reduced thoracolumbar sagittal movement. DOMS does not seem to impair the ability to control trunk muscle force, however, perceived soreness induced changes in lumbar movement and muscle recruitment strategies, which could alter motor performance if the exposure to pain is maintained in the long term.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    一种非侵入性的,立即,在运动性肌肉损伤(EIMD)期间评估肌肉组织状态的简便方法尚未建立。本研究旨在评估和确定适用于偏心运动后测量EIMD的参数,使用多频生物阻抗分析(BIA)。35名年轻男性参与者用左臂进行哑铃练习,使用多频BIA设备在运动后168小时内的各个时间点测量其BIA参数。在所有时间点,左臂内和细胞外含水量大于右臂,而阻抗,电抗,阻力,左臂的相位角低于右臂。已建立的EIMD指数,例如最大等距自愿收缩,进行了测量,并用于相关分析。只有电抗与生物标志物相关,表明肌肉损伤(r=-0.56至-0.49)。此外,发现电抗与EIMD的间接指标有很好的相关性,这表明它可能是评估EIMD的合适标记。然而,与本研究中使用的有限评价指标的关系是有限的。未来的研究应该调查电抗和直接伤害指标之间的相关性,如结构损坏,在活检中观察到。
    A noninvasive, immediate, and convenient method for assessing muscle tissue status during exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) has not been established. This study was designed to assess and determine parameters suitable for measuring EIMD after eccentric exercise, using multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Thirty-five young male participants performed dumbbell exercises with their left arm, and their BIA parameters were measured at various time points up to 168 h post exercise using a multi-frequency BIA device. At all-time points, intra and extracellular water content was greater in the left arm than in the right arm, whereas the impedance, reactance, resistance, and phase angle were lower in the left arm than in the right arm. Established EIMD indices, such as maximal isometric voluntary contraction, were measured and used in correlational analyses. Only reactance was correlated with biomarkers, indicating muscle damage (r =  - 0.56 to - 0.49). Furthermore, reactance was found to correlate well with indirect indicators of EIMD, suggesting that it may be a suitable marker for evaluating EIMD. However, the relationship with the limited evaluation indices employed in this study is constrained. Future studies should investigate the correlation between reactance and direct damage indicators, such as structural damage, observed in biopsies.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:氢分子已被证明具有抗氧化剂,抗炎,致命性,和促进恢复的效果。本研究旨在评估分子氢给药对肌肉性能的影响,损坏,在同一天对精英鳍游泳运动员进行了两次艰苦的训练后,直到24小时恢复的酸痛感。方法:8名女性(平均±SD;年龄21.5±5.0岁,最大耗氧量45.0±2.5mL。kg-1.min-1)和四名男性(年龄18.9±1.3岁,最大耗氧量52.2±1.7mL。kg-1.min-1)在上午的比赛中进行了12×50m的冲刺,在下午的比赛中进行了400m的比赛。参与者在会议前3天消耗富氢水(HRW)或安慰剂(1,260mL/天),在实验日消耗2,520mL。肌肉表现(反运动跳跃),肌肉损伤(肌酸激酶),在实验日以及下午训练后的12和24小时测量肌肉酸痛(100毫米视觉模拟量表)。结果:与安慰剂相比,HRW降低了肌酸激酶的血液活性(156±63vs.190±64U.L-1,p=0.043),肌肉酸痛感(34±12vs.42±12mm,p=0.045),和改进的反运动跳跃高度(30.7±5.5厘米与29.8±5.8cm,p=0.014)在下午会议后12小时。结论:四天的HRW补充是促进精英鳍游泳运动员在同一天进行两次剧烈训练后肌肉恢复的有希望的水合策略。临床试验注册:clinicaltrials.gov,标识符NCT05799911。
    Purpose: Molecular hydrogen has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, ergogenic, and recovery-enhancing effects. This study aimed to assess the effect of molecular hydrogen administration on muscle performance, damage, and perception of soreness up to 24 h of recovery after two strenuous training sessions performed on the same day in elite fin swimmers. Methods: Eight females (mean ± SD; age 21.5 ± 5.0 years, maximal oxygen consumption 45.0 ± 2.5 mL.kg-1.min-1) and four males (age 18.9 ± 1.3 years, maximal oxygen consumption 52.2 ± 1.7 mL.kg-1.min-1) performed 12 × 50 m sprints in the morning session and a 400 m competitive performance in the afternoon session. Participants consumed hydrogen-rich water (HRW) or placebo 3 days before the sessions (1,260 mL/day) and 2,520 mL on the experimental day. Muscle performance (countermovement jump), muscle damage (creatine kinase), and muscle soreness (100 mm visual analogue scale) were measured during the experimental day and at 12 and 24 h after the afternoon session. Results: HRW compared to placebo reduced blood activity of creatine kinase (156 ± 63 vs. 190 ± 64 U.L-1, p = 0.043), muscle soreness perception (34 ± 12 vs. 42 ± 12 mm, p = 0.045), and improved countermovement jump height (30.7 ± 5.5 cm vs. 29.8 ± 5.8 cm, p = 0.014) at 12 h after the afternoon session. Conclusion: Four days of HRW supplementation is a promising hydration strategy for promoting muscle recovery after two strenuous training sessions performed on the same day in elite fin swimmers. Clinical Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT05799911.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    简介:这项研究的目的是研究泡沫滚动(FR)对非损伤和运动诱发的肌肉损伤(EIMD)状态下的腿筋肌肉僵硬度的影响。使用剪切波超声弹性成像测量剪切模量的变化。方法:14名健康成年人(25.5±4.7岁)参与参与者内部重复测量设计,对一条腿和对侧腿进行2分钟的FR干预作为对照。破坏性协议包括在等速测力计和北欧腿筋锻炼上进行的最大偏心膝盖伸展,由3组10和6个重复组成,分别。测量是在基线,然后1小时,损伤方案后24小时和48小时。结果:结果表明,股二头肌的剪切模量没有明显的时间×腿相互作用,半膜,和半腱肌处于非损伤和损伤状态。值得注意的是,EIMD后,股二头肌(p=0.001;η2=0.36)和半腱肌(p<0.001;η2=0.44)的剪切模量显着增加,但是FR和对照腿之间没有发现显着差异,肌肉酸痛也是如此,运动范围,和被动阻力矩(相互作用p=0.239-0.999)。讨论:FR干预后没有显着变化,这表明短期FR在从EIMD恢复期间改变肌肉硬度的作用有限。这些发现有助于理解FR在肌肉恢复中的作用。虽然没有直接调查,我们的研究结果表明,中枢机制占主导地位,而不是肌肉特性的直接机械改变.这项研究强调了进一步研究的必要性,以探索FR干预如何影响不同状态的肌肉,并阐明这些影响的潜在机制。
    Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of foam rolling (FR) on hamstring muscles stiffness in both non-damaged and exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) states, using shear wave ultrasound elastography to measure changes in shear modulus. Methods: Fourteen healthy adults (25.5 ± 4.7 years) participated in a within-participant repeated measures design, with a 2-minute FR intervention applied on one leg and contralateral leg serving as a control. The damaging protocol encompassed maximal eccentric knee extensions performed on an isokinetic dynamometer and the Nordic hamstring exercise, consisting of 3 sets of 10 and 6 repetitions, respectively. Measurement were taken at baseline and then 1 h, 24 h and 48 h after the damaging protocol. Results: The results indicated no significant time × leg interaction for shear modulus in biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus muscles in both non-damaged and damaged states. Notably, there was a significant increase in biceps femoris (p = 0.001; η2 = 0.36) and semitendinosus (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.44) shear modulus after EIMD, but no significant differences were found between the FR and control leg, which was also the case for muscle soreness, range of motion, and passive resistive torque (p = 0.239-0.999 for interactions). Discussion: The absence of significant changes post-FR intervention suggests a limited role of short-duration FR in altering muscle stiffness during recovery from EIMD. These findings contribute to the understanding of FR\'s role in muscle recovery. Although this was not directly investigated, our results suggest a predominance of central mechanisms rather than direct mechanical modifications in muscle properties. This research highlights the necessity for additional investigations to explore how FR interventions influence muscles in different states and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these influences.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:运动诱发的肌肉损伤(EIMD)导致产生活性氧(ROS),但对EIMD后ROS变化的时间分布以及ROS水平与EIMD发病和恢复的关系知之甚少。我们的主要目的是检查EIMD对硫醇氧化白蛋白血液水平变化模式的影响,氧化应激的标志.
    方法:7名男性参与者在不同的日子里接受偏心肌肉收缩,导致EIMD或无运动状态。每次会议结束后,参与者每天收集干燥的血斑以测量硫醇氧化白蛋白,每2天返回实验室评估EIMD的间接标志物。即最大自愿收缩(MVC),延迟性肌肉酸痛(DOMS),肌酸激酶(CK),和肌红蛋白.
    结果:偏心运动导致MVC显着下降,DOMS增加,CK,肌红蛋白,和硫醇氧化白蛋白,后者在运动后24-48小时内达到基线水平以上。EIMD的所有标志物在运动后6天内恢复到基线水平,而不是运动后10天保持升高的硫醇氧化白蛋白水平。硫醇氧化白蛋白和DOMS的变化之间存在中等相关性,但其他任何肌肉损伤标志物之间没有显著关系。
    结论:硫醇氧化白蛋白水平在EIMD反应中增加,并在运动后几天保持升高。巯基氧化白蛋白水平变化的时间模式表明,这可能是EIMD后肌肉修复的有用生物标志物。
    OBJECTIVE: Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) results in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but little is known about the temporal profile of change in ROS post-EIMD and how ROS levels relate to the onset of and recovery from EIMD. Our primary aim was to examine the effect of EIMD on the pattern of change in the blood level of thiol-oxidised albumin, a marker of oxidative stress.
    METHODS: Seven male participants were subjected on separate days to eccentric muscle contraction to cause EIMD or a no-exercise condition. After each session, the participants collected daily dried blood spots to measure thiol-oxidised albumin and returned to the laboratory every 2 days for the assessment of indirect markers of EIMD, namely maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), creatine kinase (CK), and myoglobin.
    RESULTS: Eccentric exercise resulted in a significant decrease in MVC and increase in DOMS, CK, myoglobin, and thiol-oxidised albumin with the latter reaching above baseline level within 24-48 h post-exercise. All the markers of EIMD returned to baseline level within 6 days post-exercise, but not the level of thiol-oxidised albumin which remained elevated for 10 days after exercise. There was a moderate correlation between changes in thiol-oxidised albumin and DOMS, but no significant relationship between any other markers of muscle damage.
    CONCLUSIONS: The levels of thiol-oxidised albumin increase in response to EIMD and remain elevated for several days post-exercise. The temporal pattern of change in the level of thiol-oxidised albumin suggests that this may be a useful biomarker of muscle repair post-EIMD.
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  • 文章类型: Randomized Controlled Trial
    尽管已知肌酸在治疗运动性肌肉损伤(EIMD)方面的有益作用,其有效性尚不清楚。本研究调查了肌酸一水合物(CrM)对EIMD的恢复作用。20名健康男性(21-36岁)接受了分层,随机化,双盲作业。肌酸(CRE)和安慰剂(PLA)组摄入肌酸和结晶纤维素,分别,28天随后,他们进行了哑铃练习,同时强调了肘屈肌的偏心收缩。在运动前后评估EIMD。运动后24h(h),CRE组的运动范围明显高于PLA组。在运动后0、48、96和168小时的最大自愿收缩中检测到类似的差异(p=0.017-0.047)。运动后48、72、96和168h,CRE组的上臂周长明显低于PLA组(p=0.002-0.030)。在运动后96和168小时的肱二头肌剪切模量(p=0.003-0.021)以及运动后0和168小时的肌肉疲劳(p=0.012-0.032)中观察到类似的变化。这些发现表明CrM介导的EIMD加速恢复,表明CrM是EIMD恢复的有效补充。
    Despite the known beneficial effects of creatine in treating exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), its effectiveness remains unclear. This study investigates the recovery effect of creatine monohydrate (CrM) on EIMD. Twenty healthy men (21-36 years) were subjected to stratified, randomized, double-blind assignments. The creatine (CRE) and placebo (PLA) groups ingested creatine and crystalline cellulose, respectively, for 28 days. They subsequently performed dumbbell exercises while emphasizing eccentric contraction of the elbow flexors. The EIMD was evaluated before and after exercise. The range of motion was significantly higher in the CRE group than in the PLA group 24 h (h) post exercise. A similar difference was detected in maximum voluntary contraction at 0, 48, 96, and 168 h post exercise (p = 0.017-0.047). The upper arm circumference was significantly lower in the CRE group than in the PLA group at 48, 72, 96, and 168 h post exercise (p = 0.002-0.030). Similar variation was observed in the shear modulus of the biceps brachii muscle at 96 and 168 h post exercise (p = 0.003-0.021) and in muscle fatigue at 0 and 168 h post exercise (p = 0.012-0.032). These findings demonstrate CrM-mediated accelerated recovery from EIMD, suggesting that CrM is an effective supplement for EIMD recovery.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:本研究检查了两次阻力训练对自行车效率和性能的反复回合影响。
    方法:10名未经训练的男性阻力自行车手(年龄38±13岁;身高180.4±7.0cm;体重80.1±10.1;kg;VO2max51.0±7.6ml。kg-1.min-1)进行了两次阻力训练,最多可重复六次。血肌酸激酶(CK),肌肉酸痛延迟发作(DOMS),反运动跳跃(CMJ),深蹲跳跃(SJ),次最大循环和时间试验性能在(Tbase)之前进行了检查,每次阻力训练后24(T24)和48(T48)小时。
    结果:Bout2后的DOMS值(p=0.027)明显低于Bout1。CK的发作之间没有发现差异,CMJ,SJ和次最大循环性能。然而,与Tbase相比,T24和T48时的跳跃高度(CMJ和SJ)次最大循环测量值(通气和感知劳力)受损(p<0.05)。次最大循环期间的净效率在Bout2(23.8±1.2)比Bout1(24.3±1.0%)提高。自行车计时赛性能没有变化,尽管在比赛和时间之间观察到节奏的分段差异(即TbasevsT24vsT48;p<0.05)。
    结论:自行车运动员将其循环效率从Bout1提高到Bout2,这可能是由于反复的回合效应。然而,骑自行车的人在两次阻力训练中都在运动诱发的肌肉损伤(EIMD)期间保持了他们的自行车完成时间,可能是通过改变他们的自行车策略。因此,骑自行车的人应该在抵抗训练后考虑EIMD症状,特别是自行车特定的技术会议,不管重复的回合效应。
    OBJECTIVE: This study examined the repeated bout effect of two resistance training bouts on cycling efficiency and performance.
    METHODS: Ten male resistance-untrained cyclists (age 38 ± 13 years; height 180.4 ± 7.0 cm; weight 80.1 ± 10.1; kg; VO2max 51.0 ± 7.6 ml.kg-1.min-1) undertook two resistance training bouts at six-repetition maximum. Blood creatine kinase (CK), delayed-onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), counter-movement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), submaximal cycling and time-trial performance were examined prior to (Tbase), 24 (T24) and 48 (T48) h post each resistance training bout.
    RESULTS: There were significantly lower values for DOMS (p = 0.027) after Bout 2 than Bout 1. No differences were found between bouts for CK, CMJ, SJ and submaximal cycling performance. However, jump height (CMJ and SJ) submaximal cycling measures (ventilation and perceived exertion) were impaired at T24 and T48 compared to Tbase (p < 0.05). Net efficiency during submaximal cycling improved at Bout 2 (23.8 ± 1.2) than Bout 1 (24.3 ± 1.0%). There were no changes in cycling time-trial performance, although segmental differences in cadence were observed between bouts and time (i.e. Tbase vs T24 vs T48; p < 0.05).
    CONCLUSIONS: Cyclists improved their cycling efficiency from Bout 1 to Bout 2 possibly due to the repeated bout effect. However, cyclists maintained their cycling completion times during exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in both resistance training bouts, possibly by altering their cycling strategies. Thus, cyclists should consider EIMD symptomatology after resistance training bouts, particularly for cycling-specific technical sessions, regardless of the repeated bout effect.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:由于短跑过程中肌肉拉伤,腿筋肌肉受到多次短跑运动的影响最大,导致性能下降和受伤风险增加。因此,该研究的目的是评估在运动特异性重复冲刺训练(RST)后腿筋恢复的个体间差异,通过女性和男性肌肉恢复的sprint特异性标志物和相关的肌肉损伤生物标志物。方法:健康女性(n=14)和男性(n=15)进行10次重复的40米冲刺,每次重复之间休息3分钟。90°髋部的力产生能力(FGC):20°膝盖测试和Jurdan运动范围测试,连同血清生物标志物[肌节线粒体肌酸激酶(sMtCK),氧化应激,irisin]在基线和24-,通过重复的措施设计,锻炼后48小时和72小时。根据FGC损失将参与者分为高反应者(HR)和低反应者(LR)。结果:21人(10名女性,11名男性)被归类为HR(FGC损失>20%,恢复>48小时),而8个人(4名女性,4名男性)被归类为LR。HR个体显示未恢复的最大自愿性等距收缩(MVIC)扭矩,直到训练后72小时(p=0.003,np2=0.170),而仅HR男性显示运动范围减小(p=0.026,np2=0.116)。HR个体也显示sMtCK增加(p=0.016,np2=0.128),氧化应激(p=0.038,np2=0.106)和irisin(p=0.019,np2=0.123)。结论:对运动特异性RST的肌肉反应存在个体差异,可通过MVIC扭矩评估来识别。研究结果支持90°髋:20°膝盖测试是一种强大的间接测试,可以筛查男女腿筋恢复情况,以具有成本效益的方式。然而,Jurdan测试可能无法监测RST后女运动员的腿筋恢复。直到运动后72小时,肌肉容量的下降与肌肉肉瘤和线粒体的损伤有关。总的来说,在女性和男性反应者中进行运动特异性RST后,72小时将不是恢复腿筋结构和功能的足够时间。
    Background: Hamstring muscles are most affected by multiple sprint-based sports as a result of muscle strain during sprinting, leading to reduced performance and increased risk of injury. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to assess inter-individual variability in hamstrings recovery after a sport-specific repeated-sprint training (RST), through sprint-specific markers of muscle recovery and associated muscle damage biomarkers in women and men. Methods: Healthy females (n = 14) and males (n = 15) underwent 10 repeated 40-m sprints with a 3-min rest pause between each repetition. Force-generating capacity (FGC) by the 90° hip :20° knee test and range of motion Jurdan test, together with serum biomarkers [sarcomeric mitochondrial creatine kinase (sMtCK), oxidative stress, irisin] were tested at baseline and 24-, 48- and 72-h post-exercise through a repeated measures design. Participants were classified according to FGC loss into high responders (HR) and low responders (LR). Results: 21 individuals (10 females, 11 males) were classified as HR (FGC loss >20% and recovery >48 h), while 8 individuals (4 females, 4 males) were classified as LR. HR individuals showed unrecovered maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) torque until 72 h post-training (p = 0.003, np 2 = 0.170), whereas only HR males showed decreased range of motion (p = 0.026, np 2 = 0.116). HR individuals also showed increased sMtCK (p = 0.016, np 2 = 0.128), oxidative stress (p = 0.038, np 2 = 0.106) and irisin (p = 0.019, np 2 = 0.123). Conclusion: There is inter-individual variability in the muscular response to a sport-specific RST, identifiable by MVIC torque assessment. The findings support that the 90° hip :20° knee test is a powerful indirect test to screen hamstrings recovery in both women and men, in a cost-effective way. However, the Jurdan test might not be able to monitor hamstrings recovery in sportswomen after RST. Decreases in muscle capacity are linked to damage to muscle sarcolemma and mitochondria until 72 h post-exercise. Overall, 72 h will not be adequate time to restore hamstrings structure and function after a sport-specific RST in both female and male responders.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    该研究旨在研究肱二头肌(BB)和肱肌(BA)的剪切模量与两者的总和(BBBA)之间的关系。和尿肌动蛋白N末端片段(UTF),最大自愿等距收缩(MVC),和其他间接标记。15名健康男性使用哑铃进行了5组10次偏心收缩,对应于基线测量的90°MVC的50%。在练习中,左臂的肘关节在5s内从90°延伸到180°(180°=完全延伸),并在审查员的支持下返回以防止同心收缩。通过超声剪切波弹性成像测量BB和BA的剪切模量,和UTF,MVC,在运动之前记录肘关节(ROM)的活动范围;之后立即;运动后1、24、48、72、96和168小时。计算BB和BA的剪切模量后,添加两个值(BB+BA)。剪切模量在48h达到峰值,UTF在96小时达到峰值,MVC和ROM立即变化最大,肌肉酸痛在运动后48小时达到顶峰。发现BB剪切模量和BA剪切模量变化之间存在显着(p<0.05)关系(r=0.874),BB+BA剪切模量(r=0.977),UTF(r=0.681),和MVC(r=-0.538)。在BA剪切模量和BB+BA剪切模量的变化之间也观察到显著(p<0.05)关系(r=0.957),UTF(r=0.682),MVC(r=-0.522),和ROM(r=-0.600)。此外,观察到BB+BA剪切模量和UTF(r=0.703)变化之间存在显著(p<0.05)关系,MVC(r=-0.549),和ROM(r=-0.547)。这些结果表明,每个肌肉的剪切模量(即,BB和BA)提供了比UTF更精确的肌肉损伤信息,MVC和ROM。
    The study aimed to investigate the relationships between the shear modulus of the biceps brachii (BB) and brachialis muscle (BA) and the total of the two (BB+BA), and urinary titin N-terminal fragment (UTF), maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVC), and other indirect markers. Fifteen healthy men performed five sets of 10 eccentric contractions using a dumbbell corresponding to 50% of MVC at 90° measured at baseline. The elbow joint of the left arm was extended from 90° to 180° (180° = full extension) in 5 s in the exercise, and was returned with support from the examiner to prevent concentric contraction. Shear modulus of BB and BA were measured by ultrasound shear wave elastography, and UTF, MVC, and range of motion of the elbow joint (ROM) were recorded before; immediately after; and 1, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 168 h after the exercise. After calculating the shear modulus of BB and BA, two values were added (BB+BA). The shear modulus peaked at 48 h, UTF peaked at 96 h, MVC and ROM changed largest at immediately, and muscle soreness peaked at 48 h post-exercise. Significant (p < 0.05) relationships were found between changes in BB shear modulus and BA shear modulus (r = 0.874), BB+BA shear modulus (r = 0.977), UTF (r = 0.681), and MVC (r = -0.538). Significant (p < 0.05) relationships were also observed between changes in BA shear modulus and BB+BA shear modulus (r = 0.957), UTF (r = 0.682), MVC (r = -0.522), and ROM (r = -0.600). Moreover, significant (p < 0.05) relationships were observed between changes in BB+BA shear modulus and UTF (r = 0.703), MVC (r = -0.549), and ROM (r = -0.547). These results indicate that shear modulus of each muscle (i.e., BB and BA) provide more precise information about muscle damage than UTF, MVC and ROM.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    这项研究旨在调查为期6周的季前功能和适形训练方案的效果,关于表现和运动引起的肌肉损伤的生理和生化标志物,并比较这些标记在高水平女子和男子篮球运动员之间的反应。该研究的样本包括19名职业运动员(10名男性;9名女性)在两个不同的团队中竞争。检查的标记是体重,BMI,脂肪百分比,速度,加速度,爆炸性,垂直跳跃能力,肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)。季前赛训练期间提高了速度,加速度,爆发性和垂直跳跃能力(〜1-8%),并导致两组的脂肪百分比显着降低。CK和LDH在两组中相似地增加,与LDH相比,CK的增加百分比更高。需要进一步的调查和更大的样本量,以确定一种方法,该方法更能够最大化性能,而不会引起任何可能与肌肉损伤有关的损伤。
    This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 6-week preseason functional and plyometric fitness training protocol, on physiological and biochemical markers of performance and exercise-induced muscle damage, and to compare the response of these markers between high-level female and male basketball players. The sample of the study consisted of 19 professional athletes (10 male; 9 female) competing in two different teams. The examined markers were body mass, BMI, fat percentage, speed, acceleration, explosiveness, vertical jumping ability, creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The preseason training period improved speed, acceleration, explosiveness and vertical jumping ability (~1-8%) and led to significant fat percentage reductions in both groups equivalently. CK and LDH increased similarly in both groups, and the percentage increases were higher for CK compared to LDH. Further investigation and a larger sample size are required in order to determine an approach that is more capable of maximizing performance without causing any possible injuries that may be related to muscle damage.
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