basic psychological needs

基本心理需求
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    预防方案,例如基于正念的干预措施(MBIs),通常在学校实施,以防止儿童出现心理障碍并支持他们的心理健康。本研究采用随机聚类设计来评估MBI的影响,叫做MissionMéditation,关于小学生的幸福和心理健康。一所小学的13个教室被随机分配到实验条件(7个教室,n=127名学生)或等候名单控制条件(6个教室,n=104名学生)。实验条件下的参与者接受了10周的MBI。回归分析显示,注意力不集中的条件之间存在显着差异。MBI条件的参与者报告说,干预前后没有变化,而处于对照状态的参与者报告干预前后增加。结果还显示了感知能力的显着差异。MBI条件的参与者报告感知能力没有显著下降,而处于对照状态的参与者从干预前后的感知能力得分明显较高。结果并不表明MBI对参与者的幸福感和心理健康有显著影响。这表明,与其他针对学校环境中的福祉和心理健康促进的预防性干预措施相比,MBI可能没有附加值。
    Prevention programs, such as mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), are often implemented in schools to prevent psychological disorders from emerging in children and to support their mental health. This study used a randomized cluster design to evaluate the impact of a MBI, called Mission Méditation, on the well-being and the mental health of elementary school children\'s. 13 classrooms of an elementary school were randomly allocated to the experimental condition (7 classrooms, n = 127 students) or the waitlist control condition (6 classrooms, n = 104 students). Participants in the experimental condition received a 10-week MBI. Regression analyses revealed significant differences between conditions for inattention. Participants in the MBI condition reported no change in pre- to post-intervention, whereas participants in the control condition reported pre- to post-intervention increases. Results also showed significant differences in perceived competence. Participants in the MBI condition reported a non-significant decrease in perceive competence, whereas participants in the control condition reported significantly higher perceive competence scores from pre- to post-intervention. Results do not indicate that the MBI had a significant impact on participant\'s well-being and mental health. This suggests that MBIs may not have an added value when compared to other preventive interventions geared towards well-being and mental health promotion in school settings.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:伴侣动物的代表,或宠物,最近一直在变化。关于宠物如何影响员工与工作相关的幸福感的研究也开始迈出第一步。这项研究旨在分析(1)管理者如何看待宠物友好的做法及其在工作中的主要影响,以及(2)此类做法对员工幸福感和工作投入的影响。依靠社会交换的观点和自决理论,假设宠物友好的做法会通过满足员工的三个基本需求(自主性,能力,和相关性)。
    方法:进行了两项混合方法的研究。第一项探索性研究采用了对六名经理的半结构化访谈。第二个是对大量工人(N=379)进行的两波研究。
    结果:第一项研究强调了宠物友好实践的主要优点和缺点,伴随着各种障碍和限制,并提出了克服这些问题的管理策略。经理们普遍表达了对这个话题的兴趣和热情,但也指出了实施宠物友好战略的挑战,因为实证研究数量有限,证明了它的好处。第二项研究结果表明,宠物友好的做法通过满足员工对能力的需求,积极影响员工的工作参与度和幸福感,自主性,和亲密关系。
    结论:总体而言,葡萄牙被视为保守文化,这减缓了这些措施的传播和实施。为了克服这些挑战,已经提出了一些管理建议。提高认识和促进对该主题的讨论是将宠物友好政策纳入人力资源管理的关键步骤。
    OBJECTIVE: The representation of companion animals, or pets, has been changing recently. Research concerning how pets influence employees\' work-related well-being has also started to take its first steps. This research aimed to analyze (1) how managers perceive pet-friendly practices and their main effects at work, and (2) the impact of such practices on employees\' well-being and work engagement. Relying on the social exchange perspective and the self-determination theory it was hypothesized that pet-friendly practices would positively influence employees\' well-being and work engagement by satisfying their three basic needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness).
    METHODS: Two studies with mixed methods were conducted. The first and exploratory study resorted to semi-structured interviews with six managers. The second was a two-wave study conducted with a large sample of workers (N = 379).
    RESULTS: The first study highlighted the primary advantages and disadvantages of pet-friendly practices, along with the various obstacles and limitations, and proposed managerial strategies to overcome them. Managers generally expressed interest and enthusiasm about the topic but also pointed out challenges in implementing a pet-friendly strategy due to the limited number of empirical studies demonstrating its benefits. The second study\'s findings indicated that pet-friendly practices positively impacted employees\' work engagement and well-being by fulfilling their needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness.
    CONCLUSIONS: Overall, Portugal is seen as having a conservative culture, which slows the dissemination and implementation of these measures. To overcome these challenges, several managerial recommendations have been proposed. Raising awareness and fostering discussion on the topic are crucial steps toward integrating pet-friendly policies into human resources management.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    尽管学术和实践对咨询网络的前身越来越感兴趣,但对咨询网络在任务制定中的预测作用知之甚少。因此,由于建议网络中的中心地位预计与任务制定有积极的关系,本研究开发了一个研究模型,包含了满足基本心理需求的中介作用,以澄清这种关系。该模型是使用来自韩国多家公司的198名员工组成的样本进行测试的。结果表明,在咨询网络中占据中心位置的员工满足了他们的自主性和能力需求,因此参与任务的制定。这项研究有助于社会网络的文献,自决,通过发现确定任务制作的隐藏前因和关键机制来完成任务制作。
    Little is known about the predictive role of advice networks in task crafting despite the growing academic and practical interest in its antecedents. Accordingly, as centrality in advice networks is expected to have a positive relationship with task crafting, this study develops a research model encompassing the mediating roles of the fulfillment of basic psychological needs to clarify this relationship. The model was tested using a sample composed of 198 employees from various firms in South Korea. The results showed that employees who occupy central positions in the advice network fulfilled their autonomy and competence needs, consequently engaging in task crafting. This study contributes to the literature on social networks, self-determination, and task crafting by discovering hidden antecedents and pivotal mechanisms in determining task crafting.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    对需求挫折发生后的心理需求恢复的研究有望加深我们对自决理论提出的心理需求的动态性质的理解。我们旨在通过探索在沮丧与需求不满足之后恢复心理需求的过程中的差异来扩展这项工作。
    对42名年龄不同的丹麦成年人进行了深入的半结构化访谈,性别,和身体活动水平。使用框架方法分析数据。
    我们在需求恢复过程中确定了四个不同但相互关联的阶段:实际和期望需求状态之间的差异,经历负面情绪,启动行动计划,行动阶段。这些阶段为了解个人如何恢复需求提供了一个全面的框架。
    我们发现了需要恢复的对比方法,这取决于由于外部突发事件而导致的需求挫败感与由于内部因素而导致的需求挫败感和需求未实现感。需要因外部突发事件而受挫提示退出,与文献中确定的回避策略保持一致。相反,由于内部因素导致的未满足的需求和需求挫折导致积极主动的参与,突出显示独特的“战斗”响应。这些见解扩展了现有的研究,提供对需求恢复的动态过程的细致入微的理解。
    UNASSIGNED: Research on psychological need restoration after incidences of need frustration holds promise for deepening our understanding of the dynamic nature of psychological needs proposed by self-determination theory. We aimed to extend this work by exploring differences in the process of restoring psychological needs after indences of frustration versus need unfulfillment.
    UNASSIGNED: In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 Danish adults varying in age, gender, and physical activity levels. Data were analyzed using the Framework Method.
    UNASSIGNED: We identified four distinct yet interconnected phases in the need restoration process: Discrepancies between Actual and Desired Need States, Experiencing Negative Emotions, Initiating Plans for Action, and Action Stage. These stages offer a comprehensive framework for understanding how individuals restore their needs.
    UNASSIGNED: We discerned contrasting approaches to need restoration depending on prior experiences of need frustration due to external contingencies versus need frustration due to internal factors and need unfulfillment. Need frustration due to external contingencies prompts withdrawal, aligning with the avoidance strategies identified in the literature. Conversely, unfulfilled needs and need frustration due to internal factors lead to proactive engagement, highlighting a distinct \'fight\' response. These insights extend existing research, providing a nuanced understanding of the dynamic processes of need restoration.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本研究旨在探讨父母自主支持与儿童自我概念的关系,并从自我决定理论的角度探讨小学基本心理需求的作用。中国东部共有3109名6-13岁儿童参加。结果表明,父母自主支持之间存在显著相关性,基本的心理需求,和孩子的自我概念。基本心理需求在父母自主支持与儿童自我概念之间起部分中介作用。具体来说,自主性支持因需求类型而异,而父母控制稳步发挥负面预测作用。父母自主支持和控制通过三种基本心理需求不同地预测了儿童的自我概念,不同性别和年级的差异。男孩和大孩子与能力需求的关系更强,而女孩对自主需求敏感;此外,他们都对亲属关系的需求很敏感。中介效应模型和跨群体分析揭示了父母自主支持对中国儿童自我概念的复杂预测作用。为提高儿童心理幸福感的跨文化研究和家庭教育提供了有效的切入点。
    This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental autonomy support and children\'s self-concept, and to explore the role of basic psychological needs in Chinese primary schools from the perspective of self-determination theory. A total of 3109 children aged 6-13 years participated in eastern China. The results indicated a significant correlation between parental autonomy support, basic psychological needs, and children\'s self-concept. Basic psychological needs play a partial mediating role between parental autonomy support and children\'s self-concept. Specifically, autonomy support varied by need types whereas parental control steadily played a negative predictive role. Parental autonomy support and control predicted children\'s self-concept differently through three basic psychological needs, with differences across gender and grades. Boys and elder children had stronger relationships to competence needs, while girls were sensitive to autonomy needs; in addition, both of them were sensitive to relatedness needs. The mediating effects model and cross-group analyses revealed the complex predictive role of parental autonomy support on children\'s self-concept in China, providing an effective entry point for cross-cultural research and family education to improve children\'s psychological well-being.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本研究旨在验证体育(PE)背景下的新颖性需求满意度量表(NNSS)的中文版,结合三项不同的研究来检验其可靠性,有效性,以及跨性别和不同样本的测量不变性。
    研究1涉及将原始NNSS翻译成中文并通过验证性因素分析进行评估,项目分析,以及390名学生的内部一致性可靠性评估(53.8%为男性,46.2%女性),平均14.5岁。研究2通过探索新奇需求满意度与三个常规基本心理需求(BPN)之间的相关性来评估中国NNSS的判别效度-自主性,能力,和亲密关系,在845名学生的更大群体中(51.7%的男性,48.3%女性),平均年龄为14.8岁。这项研究还调查了新奇需求满意度之间的关系,自主动机,享受体育。研究3检查了中国NNSS在性别和不同样本之间的测量不变性,使用1235名学生的样本(52.6%的男性,47.4%女性),平均年龄为14.6岁。
    单因素,研究1证实了中国NNSS的5项结构。研究2证明了BPN中新颖性需求满意度的独特而协变的性质,以及其通过自主动机对体育享乐的预测能力。研究3证实了中国NNSS在性别和样本之间的测量不变性,验证其可靠性和适用性。
    在体育设置中对中国NNSS的验证不仅增加了对自决理论(SDT)提出的动机序列的新颖性的需求,而且强调了其在增强自主动机和享受方面的重要作用。这项研究表明,该量表在探索BPN之间的动态方面对未来研究具有实用性,并为体育动机过程提供了更深入的见解。
    UNASSIGNED: This study aims to validate the Chinese version of the Novelty Need Satisfaction Scale (NNSS) within physical education (PE) contexts, incorporating three distinct studies to examine its reliability, validity, and measurement invariance across gender and different samples.
    UNASSIGNED: Study 1 involved translating the original NNSS into Chinese and evaluating it through confirmatory factor analysis, item analysis, and assessments of internal consistency reliability among 390 students (53.8% male, 46.2% female), averaging 14.5 years in age. Study 2 assessed the discriminant validity of the Chinese NNSS by exploring correlations between novelty need satisfaction and three conventional basic psychological needs (BPNs) - autonomy, competence, and relatedness, in a larger cohort of 845 students (51.7% male, 48.3% female), with an average age of 14.8 years. This study also investigated the relationships between novelty need satisfaction, autonomous motivation, and enjoyment in PE. Study 3 examined the measurement invariance of the Chinese NNSS across gender and different samples, using a sample of 1235 students (52.6% male, 47.4% female), with an average age of 14.6 years.
    UNASSIGNED: The one-factor, five-item structure of the Chinese NNSS was confirmed in Study 1. Study 2 demonstrated the distinct yet covariant nature of novelty need satisfaction among BPNs and its predictive capability for enjoyment in PE through autonomous motivation. Study 3 confirmed the measurement invariance of the Chinese NNSS across gender and samples, validating its reliability and applicability.
    UNASSIGNED: The validation of the Chinese NNSS within PE settings not only adds the need for novelty to the motivational sequence proposed by self-determination theory (SDT) but also emphasizes its significant role in enhancing autonomous motivation and enjoyment. This study suggests the scale\'s utility for future research in exploring the dynamics among BPNs and provides deeper insights into the motivational processes in PE.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本研究试图了解团队认同之间的关系,领导者-成员交换(LMX)质量,大学生运动员的基本心理需求满足,以及教练员-运动员LMX素质的调节作用。
    使用SPSS29版分析了319名大学运动员的自我报告数据。使用PROCESS宏模型1通过适度分析检验了研究变量之间的关系。
    回归分析表明,团队认同与能力和相关性需求的满足呈正相关,而LMX质量与能力和自主性需求的满足程度呈正相关。此外,适度分析表明,LMX质量正调节了团队认同与能力和相关性需求满意度之间的关系。
    这项研究的结果凸显了团队认同和LMX质量在满足大学运动员基本心理需求方面的重要作用。讨论了这些结果对大学运动员最佳功能的影响。
    UNASSIGNED: The present study sought to understand the relationships between team identification, leader-member exchange (LMX) quality, and the basic psychological need satisfaction of collegiate athletes, as well as the moderating role of coach-athlete LMX quality.
    UNASSIGNED: Self-reported data from 319 collegiate athletes were analyzed using SPSS version 29. The relationships between the study variables were tested by moderation analysis using PROCESS macro model 1.
    UNASSIGNED: Regression analyses showed team identification to be positively related to the satisfaction of the needs for competence and relatedness, while LMX quality was positively related to the satisfaction of the needs for competence and autonomy. Furthermore, moderation analyses showed that LMX quality positively moderated the relationship between team identification and the satisfaction of the needs for competence and relatedness.
    UNASSIGNED: The results of this study highlight the important role that team identification and LMX quality play in the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of collegiate athletes. The implications of these results for the optimal functioning of collegiate athletes are discussed.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本文提出了关于人类繁荣与情绪调节之间关系的自我决定理论(SDT)观点。它认为SDT的有机动机方法,发展,健康使它能够直接解决这种关系,将情绪调节置于情绪功能的综合概念内(即,蓬勃发展)和监管(即,自决)。这与情绪调节的主导目标导向过程模型相反,只涉及福祉的有限方面,忽略了对繁荣至关重要的激励形式,模糊了情绪调节和其他形式的调节之间的界限。
    This paper presents a Self-Determination Theory (SDT) perspective on the relationship between human flourishing and emotion regulation. It argues that SDT\'s organismic approach to motivation, development, and wellness enables it to directly address this relationship, placing emotion regulation within comprehensive conceptions of eudaimonic functioning (i.e., flourishing) and regulation (i.e., self-determination). This is in contrast to the dominant goal-directed process model of emotion regulation, which addresses only limited aspects of well-being, ignores forms of motivation that are essential to flourishing, and blurs the line between emotion regulation and other forms of regulation.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本研究采用问卷调查的方式探讨了网络排斥对大学生攻击行为的影响。具体来说,本研究探讨了基本心理需求满足的中介作用,并探讨了自我完整性的调节作用。
    通过问卷网站设计了在线问卷,与全国大学生联系并转移到一起。剔除无效问卷后,获得有效问卷377份。
    网络排斥对基本心理需求的满足有显著的正向预测作用;基本心理需求的满足在网络排斥和攻击性之间起中介作用。自我完整性可以调节基本心理需求与攻击性之间的联系。
    UNASSIGNED: This study used questionnaire survey to explore the influence of cyber-ostracism on the aggressive behavior of college students. Specifically, this study explored the mediation role of the basic psychological needs satisfaction, and explored the moderating role of self-integrity.
    UNASSIGNED: An online questionnaire was designed through a questionnaire website, which was linked and transferred to college students nationwide. 377 valid questionnaires were obtained after excluding invalid questionnaires.
    UNASSIGNED: Cyber-ostracism had a significant positive predictive effect on the basic psychological needs satisfaction; Basic psychological needs satisfaction play a mediation role between cyber-ostracism and aggression. Self-integrity moderates the association between basic psychological needs and aggression.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本研究旨在探讨在浪漫关系中基本心理需求的满意度与关系满意度之间的相关性中,phubbing和社交媒体成瘾的中介作用。参与者是来自蒂尔基耶各大学的958名学生。该研究利用人口统计信息表格获取参与者的个人信息,浪漫关系中的基本心理需求满意度量表,张量的一般尺度,社交媒体成瘾量表-成人形式,和关系满意度量表。研究得出的结论是,社交媒体成瘾和phubbing在爱/归属需求β=0.05,权力β=0.03和自由β=-0.08与关系满意度之间的相关性中起中介作用。研究中进行的引导方法表明,对乐趣的需求对关系满意度的间接影响是显着的,但在Sobel测试中,没有发现社交媒体成瘾和phubbing在这种相关性中具有中介作用(p>0.05)。结论是,在浪漫关系中基本心理需求的满足与社交媒体成瘾之间的相关性中,除了对乐趣的需求外,对所有需求都起着中介作用。最后,发现社交媒体成瘾在phubbing和关系满意度之间的相关性中具有中介作用。这些发现是根据文献进行讨论的。如调查结果所示,有人观察到,浪漫关系中基本心理需求的满足会影响关系满意度,而社交媒体成瘾和phubbing在这种相关性中起着中介作用。
    This study aimed to examine the mediating role of phubbing and social media addiction in the correlation between satisfaction levels of basic psychological needs in romantic relationships and relationship satisfaction. The participants were 958 students from various universities in Türkiye. The research utilized demographic information form for personal information of the participants, the Satisfaction of Basic Psychological Needs in Romantic Relationships Scale, the Generic Scale of Phubbing, the Social Media Addiction Scale-Adult Form, and the Relationship Satisfaction Scale. It was concluded in the research that social media addiction and phubbing had a mediating role in the correlation between the needs for love/belonging β = 0.05, power β = 0.03, and freedom β = -0.08 and the relationship satisfaction. The bootstrapping method performed in the study showed that indirect effect of the need for fun on the relationship satisfaction was significant, but in the Sobel test, social media addiction and phubbing was not found to have a mediating role in this correlation (p > 0.05). It was concluded that phubbing had a mediating role for all needs other than the need for fun in the correlation between satisfaction of basic psychological needs in romantic relationships and social media addiction. Finally, social media addiction was found to have a mediating role in the correlation between phubbing and relationship satisfaction. These findings were discussed in line with the literature. As shown by the findings, it was observed that satisfaction of basic psychological needs in romantic relationships affected the relationship satisfaction, and social media addiction and phubbing had a mediating role in that correlation.
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