背景:超重和肥胖是慢性疾病最关键的危险因素。膳食脂肪酸作为影响脂肪积累的因素之一,其质量问题很少受到关注。这项研究调查了健康伊朗成年人样本中饮食亚油酸(LA)和α-亚麻酸(ALA)与身体脂肪指数之间的关系。
方法:在这项基于队列的横断面研究中,参与设拉子医学科学大学雇员健康队列研究的3,195名年龄在20至60岁之间的人。使用经过验证的118项食物频率问卷(FFQ)评估饮食摄入量,并通过生物电阻抗分析方法评估身体成分。校正相关混杂因素的多元线性回归用于确定相关性。
结果:男性的平均饮食摄入量为14.20±7.01毫克/天,女性为13.90±6.71毫克/天。此外,ALA的每日摄入量男性为0.18±0.18mg/天,女性为0.17±0.19mg/天。男性的饮食摄入ALA与体脂质量(BFM)呈负相关(β:-0.585,95%CI:-1.137,-0.032,P=0.038),体脂百分比(PBF)(β:-0.537,95%CI:-0.945,-0.129,P=0.010),内脏脂肪面积(VFA)(β:-2.998,95%CI:-5.695,-0.302,P=0.029),腰臀比(WHR)(β:-0.689,95%CI:-1.339,-0.040,P=0.038)。
结论:较高的膳食ALA摄入量与较低的BFM相关,BFP,VAF,和WHR在男人身上。本研究证实,摄入ALA应被视为改善身体成分的预防性治疗。然而,建议在这方面进一步研究。
BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity are the most critical risk factors for chronic diseases. The quality of dietary fatty acids as one of the factors affecting fat accumulation has received little attention. This study investigates the association between dietary linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) with body fat indices in a sample of healthy Iranian adults.
METHODS: In this cohort-based cross-sectional study, 3,195 individuals aged 20 to 60 who participated in the Shiraz University of Medical Science Employees Health Cohort study were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 118-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and body composition was assessed by the bioelectrical impedance analysis method. Multiple linear regression adjusted for relevant confounders was used to determine the associations.
RESULTS: Mean dietary intake of LA was 14.20 ± 7.01 mg/day for men and 13.90 ± 6.71 mg/day for women. Additionally, the daily intake of ALA was 0.18 ± 0.18 mg/day in men and 0.17 ± 0.19 mg/day in women. Dietary intake of ALA for men had an inversely significant association with body fat mass (BFM) (β: -0.585, 95% CI: -1.137, -0.032, P=0.038), percentage of body fat (PBF) (β: -0.537, 95% CI: -0.945, -0.129, P=0.010), Visceral Fat Area (VFA) (β: -2.998, 95% CI: -5.695, -0.302, P=0.029), and Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR) (β: -0.689, 95% CI: -1.339, -0.040, P=0.038).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher dietary ALA intake was associated with lower BFM, BFP, VAF, and WHR in men. The present study confirms that ALA intake should be considered a preventive treatment to improve body composition. However, further research is recommended in this regard.