天然材料,尤其是天然色素,已经在全球范围内取得了突出地位,并可能被视为危险合成染料的环保替代品。天然染料的颜色限制阻碍了它们在纺织品中的应用。本工作的目的是在不添加媒染剂的情况下,通过三元天然染料混合物的染色来制备更多色调的羊毛纱线。在这项研究中,用三种天然染料评价了羊毛纱线的可持续染色方法,madderred(MR),栀子蓝(GB),和栀子黄(GY),通过在没有媒染剂的情况下遵循工业染色程序。一开始,对染料稳定性进行了初步评估,发现三种天然染料对温度和酸(降解倾向)敏感。然后,对染色行为进行了系统评价,包括单一的天然染料,二元天然染料混合物,和三元天然染料混合物。用单一天然染料对羊毛纱线进行染色的结果表明,GY,GB在78.7-94.1%的范围内,13.4-44.1%,和54.8-68.5%,分别。用二元和三元天然染料混合物(染色羊毛纱的彩色三角形框架)染色的羊毛纱的染色结果通过比色值(L*,a*,b*,C*,h,和K/S),并被呈现以启发各种五颜六色的色调。最后,颜色均匀性和色牢度测试证实了天然染料对羊毛纱线着色的重要贡献。特别是,对洗涤的色牢度证实了天然染料的稳定性,相对于释放到废水中的染料量较低,这对环境有利。总的来说,本研究为通过调整天然染料的染色方案提高其产业化趋势提供了良好的背景。
Natural materials, especially natural colorants, have achieved global prominence and might be regarded as an environmentally beneficial alternative to hazardous synthetic dyes. The color limitation of natural dyes hinders their application in textiles. The present work aims to prepare more color shades of wool yarns via dyeing with ternary natural dye mixtures without adding mordants. In this study, a sustainable dyeing approach for wool yarn was evaluated with three natural dyes, madder red (MR), gardenia blue (GB), and gardenia yellow (GY), by following an industrial dyeing procedure in the absence of a mordant. In the beginning, a preliminary assessment of dye stabilities was carried out, and it was found that the three natural dyes were sensitive to temperature and acid (degradation tendency). Then, the dyeing behavior was systematically evaluated, including a single natural dye, a binary natural dye mixture, and a ternary natural dye mixture. The results of wool yarn dyeing with a single natural dye show that the dye exhaustion percentage (E%) of MR, GY, and GB was in the ranges of 78.7-94.1%, 13.4-44.1%, and 54.8-68.5%, respectively. The dyeing results of wool yarns dyed with binary and ternary natural dye mixtures (a color triangle framework of dyed wool yarn) were characterized by colorimetric values (L*, a*, b*, C*, h, and K/S), and are presented to enlighten various colorful shades. Finally, color uniformity and colorfastness tests confirmed the vital contribution of natural dyes toward wool yarn coloration. Particularly, colorfastness to washing confirmed the stability of natural dyes with reference to the lower amount of dyes released into the effluent, which is beneficial for the environment. Overall, this study provides a good background for enhancing the industrialization trend of natural dyes by modulating their dyeing scheme.