羊毛纤维是一种天然蛋白质纤维,用于制造服装,和地板覆盖物因为其优异的阻燃性,耐污染性,抗静电和气味控制性能以及特殊的温暖和弹性。然而,羊毛纤维有几个严重的缺点,例如由羊毛纤维制成的服装在洗涤过程中广泛收缩。为了克服这个问题,羊毛纤维,尤其是那些用于服装的,经常进行抗收缩处理,使其可机洗。广泛的治疗,包括氧化,酶,辐射,聚合物涂层,溶胶-凝胶涂料,并且已经研究了等离子体处理以使羊毛纤维抗收缩。在这次审查中,羊毛纤维收缩的机理,这项研究直到最近才进行,以使羊毛纤维具有抗收缩性,以及开发的可持续替代品的现状,已经编译并提交。所研究的各种方法都经过了严格的讨论,它们的优缺点,抗收缩性能,以及它们的抗收缩机制。概述了用于抗收缩性的各种聚合物的化学和合成及其与羊毛纤维的反应。这篇综述还包括当前的挑战,使抗缩治疗绿色和可持续,以及应对这些挑战的未来方向。研究的一些处理方法可能会影响羊毛纤维的生物降解性,尤其是那些基于合成聚合物的涂层。基于可持续生产的聚合物树脂的可持续替代聚合物涂层,尤其是生物基树脂,需要开发,以便未来的治疗变得可持续。
Wool fiber is a natural protein fiber, which is used for the manufacturing of apparels, and floorcoverings because of its excellent fire retardancy, stain-resistance, antistatic and odor control properties along with exceptional warmth and resilience. However, wool fiber has several serious demerits, such as garments made of wool fibers extensively shrink during their laundering. To overcome this problem, wool fibers, especially those are used in apparel, are frequently shrink-resist treated to make them machine-washable. A wide range of treatments including oxidative, enzymatic, radiation, polymeric coatings, sol-gel coatings, and plasma treatments have been investigated to make wool fiber shrink-resistant. In this
review, the mechanisms of wool fiber shrinkage, the research carried out until recently to make wool fiber shrink-resistant, and the current status of the sustainable alternatives developed, have been compiled and presented. The various methods investigated have been critically discussed with their merits and demerits, shrink-resist performance, and their shrink-resistance mechanisms. The chemistry and synthesis of various polymers used for the shrink-resistance and their reactions with wool fiber have been outlined. This
review also includes the current challenges to make shrink-resist treatments green and sustainable, and also the future directions to meet these challenges. Some of the treatments investigated may affect the biodegradability of wool fibers, especially those are based on coating with synthetic polymers. A sustainable alternative polymeric coating based on sustainably produced polymeric resins, especially bio-based resins, needs to be developed so that the future treatments become sustainable.