Respiratory diseases

呼吸系统疾病
  • 文章类型: Systematic Review
    近年来,人们对了解微生物群菌群失调或人类微生物群的组成和功能改变在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉病(CRSwNP)发展中的潜在作用越来越感兴趣.这篇系统综述评估了过去十年关于CRSwNP和宿主微生物群的文献,主要包括鼻腔细菌,病毒,和真菌,遵循PRISMA指南并使用主要的科学出版物数据库。七十份原始文件,主要来自亚洲和欧洲,符合纳入标准,全面概述了CRSwNP患者的微生物群组成及其对鼻息肉炎症过程的影响。这篇综述还探讨了微生物群调节疗法对CRSwNP治疗的潜在影响。尽管研究人群和方法存在差异,研究结果表明,特定分类群丰度的波动和细菌多样性的减少可以被认为是影响CRSwNP发病或严重程度的关键因素.这些微生物群的改变似乎与触发细胞介导的免疫反应有关。细胞因子级联变化,和上皮屏障的缺陷。虽然需要进一步的人体研究,微生物群调节策略可能成为未来联合CRSwNP治疗不可或缺的一部分,补充目前主要针对炎症介质的治疗方法,并可能改善患者的预后。
    In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the potential role of microbiota dysbiosis or alterations in the composition and function of human microbiota in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). This systematic review evaluated the literature on CRSwNP and host microbiota for the last ten years, including mainly nasal bacteria, viruses, and fungi, following the PRISMA guidelines and using the major scientific publication databases. Seventy original papers, mainly from Asia and Europe, met the inclusion criteria, providing a comprehensive overview of the microbiota composition in CRSwNP patients and its implications for inflammatory processes in nasal polyps. This review also explores the potential impact of microbiota-modulating therapies for the CRSwNP treatment. Despite variability in study populations and methodologies, findings suggest that fluctuations in specific taxa abundance and reduced bacterial diversity can be accepted as critical factors influencing the onset or severity of CRSwNP. These microbiota alterations appear to be implicated in triggering cell-mediated immune responses, cytokine cascade changes, and defects in the epithelial barrier. Although further human studies are required, microbiota-modulating strategies could become integral to future combined CRSwNP treatments, complementing current therapies that mainly target inflammatory mediators and potentially improving patient outcomes.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    猪胸膜肺炎(PPP)是导致养猪业大量亏损的主要原因之一,具有很高的经济影响。在不同的病因中,胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)是严重的纤维性坏死性胸膜肺炎的原因。目前识别总共19种不同的APP血清型。这项研究旨在鉴定从皮埃蒙特地区自然感染和死亡猪的肺炎病变中分离出的APP血清型,并描述病变。本研究包括总共107只疑似PPP诊断的死猪。使用大体病理学评分系统评估肺,组织病理学,并通过多重PCR进行APP分离和血清型鉴定。肺部病变主要表现为纤维性肺炎和胸膜肺炎。APP在20/107(18.7%)样品中分离。PCR指示在53/107(49.5%)的肺样品中存在APPDNA。观察到的最多的血清型是24/53中的血清型2(45.3%)和13/53中的血清型6(24.5%)。此外,多重PCR结果提示5个样本中不同血清型的共感染。这项研究强调了综合方法的重要性,利用各种技术,如gross-和组织病理学,以及细菌学培养和PCR,加强APP感染的诊断。
    Porcine pleuropneumonia (PPP) is one of the main causes leading to massive losses in the pig industry, with high economic impacts. Among different etiological agents, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) is responsible for severe fibrinous-necrotizing pleuropneumonia. A total of 19 different APP serotypes are currently recognized. This study aimed to identify APP serotypes isolated from pneumonic lesions in naturally infected and dead pigs in the Piedmont Region and to describe lesions. A total of 107 dead pigs with a suspected PPP diagnosis were included in this study. Lungs were evaluated using gross-pathology scoring systems, histopathology, and APP isolation and serotypes identification by multiplex PCR were conducted. Gross lung lesions were mainly represented by fibrinous pneumonia and pleuropneumonia. APP was isolated in 20/107 (18.7%) samples. PCR indicated APP DNA presence in 53/107 (49.5%) of lung samples. The most observed serotypes were serotype 2 in 24/53 (45.3%) and serotype 6 in 13/53 (24.5%) samples. Moreover, multiplex PCR results suggested a coinfection of different serotypes in five samples. This study emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach, utilizing various techniques, such as gross- and histopathology, and bacteriological culture and PCR, to enhance the diagnosis of APP infections.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    许多呼吸道病毒及其相关疾病对气象因素敏感。对于SARS-CoV-2和COVID-19,关于这种敏感性的证据是不一致的。了解气象因素对SARS-CoV-2传播和COVID-19流行病学的影响有助于提高大流行准备。
    这篇综述旨在研究有关气象因素与SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19之间关系的最新证据。
    我们对2020年1月至2023年1月发表的关于温度之间关联的同行评审研究进行了全球范围审查太阳辐射,降水,湿度,湿度风速,和大气压和SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19。
    从9,156条初始记录中,我们纳入了474项相关研究.对SARS-CoV-2的实验研究提供了一致的证据,表明较高的温度和太阳辐射会对病毒的生存能力产生负面影响。关于COVID-19(流行病学)的研究大多是观察性的,提供的证据不太一致。几项研究考虑了气象因素或人口统计学或空气污染等其他变量之间的相互作用。所有出版物都没有从整体上包括所有决定因素。
    短期气象因素与SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19动力学之间的关联很复杂。环境和社会组成部分之间的相互作用需要进一步考虑。更综合的研究方法可以提供有价值的见解,以预测具有大流行潜力的呼吸道病毒的动态。
    UNASSIGNED: Many respiratory viruses and their associated diseases are sensitive to meteorological factors. For SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, evidence on this sensitivity is inconsistent. Understanding the influence of meteorological factors on SARS-CoV-2 transmission and COVID-19 epidemiology can help to improve pandemic preparedness.
    UNASSIGNED: This review aimed to examine the recent evidence about the relation between meteorological factors and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.
    UNASSIGNED: We conducted a global scoping review of peer-reviewed studies published from January 2020 up to January 2023 about the associations between temperature, solar radiation, precipitation, humidity, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.
    UNASSIGNED: From 9,156 initial records, we included 474 relevant studies. Experimental studies on SARS-CoV-2 provided consistent evidence that higher temperatures and solar radiation negatively affect virus viability. Studies on COVID-19 (epidemiology) were mostly observational and provided less consistent evidence. Several studies considered interactions between meteorological factors or other variables such as demographics or air pollution. None of the publications included all determinants holistically.
    UNASSIGNED: The association between short-term meteorological factors and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 dynamics is complex. Interactions between environmental and social components need further consideration. A more integrated research approach can provide valuable insights to predict the dynamics of respiratory viruses with pandemic potential.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    APOEε4和BIN1是散发性阿尔茨海默病(AD)的两个主要遗传危险因素。在几个BIN1变体中,rs744373通常通过导致tau病理学和认知表现不佳而与AD风险相关.这项研究探讨了APOE和BIN1rs744373与葡萄牙初级保健研究组中特定特征的关联。表示为pcb-队列。该研究包括来自葡萄牙Aveiro地区五个初级保健中心的590名参与者。对个体的认知和临床特征进行评估和评分,并从符合纳入和排除标准的志愿者中收集血液样本(N=505).确定APOE和BIN1基因型,以及它们与认知特征和其他可能导致认知缺陷的疾病的关联,即抑郁症,高血压,2型糖尿病,血脂异常,骨关节疾病,胃肠道疾病,心血管和呼吸系统疾病,被评估。归因于研究组的疾病是先前由专家诊断和确认的疾病。通过多变量分析产生的结果表明,APOEε4携带者与较差的认知表现显着相关(OR=2.527;p=0.031)。此外,APOEε4携带者存在显著的血脂异常风险(OR=1.804;p=0.036),而BIN1rs744373风险等位基因携带者的血脂异常风险显著较低(OR=0.558;p=0.006).APOEε4表现出保护倾向的呼吸系统疾病具有明显的相关性(OR=0.515;p=0.088),BIN1具有显著的保护作用(OR=0.556;p=0.026)。没有统计学意义,APOEε2显示出预防2型糖尿病的趋势(OR=0.342;p=0.093),相比之下,BIN1rs744373风险等位基因携带者更有可能出现这种疾病(OR=1.491;p=0.099).这里提供的数据清楚地表明,第一次,散发性AD的两个主要遗传风险因素会影响一组相似的常见疾病,即血脂异常,呼吸系统疾病,和2型糖尿病。
    APOE ε4 and BIN1 are the two main genetic risk factors for sporadic Alzheimer\'s Disease (AD). Among several BIN1 variants, the rs744373 is frequently associated with AD risk by contributing to tau pathology and poor cognitive performance. This study addressed the association of APOE and BIN1 rs744373 to specific characteristics in a Portuguese primary care-based study group, denoted pcb-Cohort. The study included 590 participants from five primary care health centers in the Aveiro district of Portugal. Individuals were evaluated and scored for cognitive and clinical characteristics, and blood samples were collected from the volunteers meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria (N = 505). APOE and BIN1 genotypes were determined, and their association with cognitive characteristics and other diseases that might contribute to cognitive deficits, namely depression, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, osteoarticular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, was assessed. The diseases attributed to the study group were those previously diagnosed and confirmed by specialists. The results generated through multivariate analysis show that APOE ε4 carriers significantly associated with poorer cognitive performance (OR = 2.527; p = 0.031). Additionally, there was a significant risk of dyslipidemia for APOE ε4 carriers (OR = 1.804; p = 0.036), whereas BIN1 rs744373 risk-allele carriers were at a significantly lower risk of having dyslipidemia (OR = 0.558; p = 0.006). Correlations were evident for respiratory diseases in which APOE ε4 showed a protective tendency (OR = 0.515; p = 0.088), and BIN1 had a significative protective profile (OR = 0.556; p = 0.026). Not of statistical significance, APOE ε2 showed a trend to protect against type 2 diabetes (OR = 0.342; p = 0.093), in contrast BIN1 rs744373 risk-allele carriers were more likely to exhibit the disease (OR = 1.491; p = 0.099). The data here presented clearly show, for the first time, that the two top genetic risk factors for sporadic AD impact a similar group of common diseases, namely dyslipidemia, respiratory diseases, and type 2 diabetes.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    哮喘是一个重要的公共卫生问题。这项研究确定了厄瓜多尔共和国工作年龄人口(15-69岁)中哮喘发病率和死亡率最高的省份。次要目标是解释职业暴露可能造成的差异。这项全国性的生态研究是在2016年至2019年期间在24个省进行的。政府数据库被用作信息来源。计算代码J45和J46的年龄标准化率。哮喘的住院发病率从每100,000个劳动年龄人口中的6.51例下降到5.76例,死亡率一直很低,稳定,从每100,000个工作年龄人口0.14至0.15个死亡。各省之间的地理差异很明显。在太平洋沿岸,因哮喘住院和死亡的风险较高(Manabí分别为7.26和0.38,Esmeraldas分别为6.24和0.43,LosRíos分别为4.16和0.40,ElOro分别为7.98和0.21,Guayas分别为4.42和0.17,安第斯地区(Azuay分别为6.33和0.45,Cotopaxi(5.84和0.在农业和工业发展较大的省份观察到的高比率可能是国家异质性的主要决定因素,并作为职业危险因素。应通过专项研究对每个省的职业危害的贡献进行深入研究。这里提出的发现提供了有价值的信息,应该促使进一步详细的研究,这将有助于设计旨在促进和保障人口呼吸健康的公共政策,尤其是工人。我们相信,这项研究将激励建立区域网络,以研究和监测职业健康。
    Asthma is a significant public health concern. This study identified the provinces with the highest morbidity and mortality rates due to asthma among the working-age population (15-69 years) in the Republic of Ecuador. The secondary objective was to explain the possible differences attributable to occupational exposure. This nationwide ecological study was conducted in 24 provinces between 2016 and 2019. Government databases were used as sources of information. Age-standardized rates were calculated for codes J45 and J46. The hospitalization morbidity rate for asthma decreased from 6.51 to 5.76 cases per 100,000 working-age population, and the mortality rate has consistently been low and stable from 0.14 to 0.15 deaths per 100,000 working-age population. Geographic differences between the provinces were evident. The risk of hospitalization and death due to asthma was higher in the Pacific coast (Manabí with 7.26 and 0.38, Esmeraldas with 6.24 and 0.43, Los Ríos with 4.16 and 0.40, El Oro with 7.98 and 0.21, Guayas with 4.42 and 0.17 and the Andean region (Azuay with 6.33 and 0.45, Cotopaxi (5.84 and 0.48)). The high rates observed in provinces with greater agricultural and industrial development could be national heterogeneity\'s main determinants and act as occupational risk factors. The contribution of occupational hazards in each province should be examined in depth through ad hoc studies. The findings presented here provide valuable information that should prompt further detailed studies, which will assist in designing public policies aimed at promoting and safeguarding the respiratory health of the population, particularly that of workers. We believe that this study will inspire the creation of regional networks for the research and surveillance of occupational health.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:多项研究表明,环境和气候因素与心血管和呼吸系统疾病导致的死亡风险有关;然而,目前尚不清楚哪些是最有影响力的。本研究通过提供案例研究分析,揭示了数据驱动的统计方法的潜力。
    方法:与每日环境和气候参数值(温度,大气压力,相对湿度,一氧化碳,臭氧,颗粒物,和二氧化氮)。随机森林(RF)模型和特征重要性度量(FMI)技术(排列特征重要性(PFI),Shapley加法扩张(SHAP)特征重要性,以及基于导数的重要性度量(κALE))用于区分每个环境和气候参数的作用。使用季节性趋势分解(STL)方法对数据进行预处理以消除趋势和季节性行为,并进行初步分析以避免信息冗余。
    结果:射频性能令人鼓舞,能够预测心血管和呼吸系统疾病入院,平均绝对相对误差为每天0.04和0.05例,分别。特征重要性度量区分提供重要性排名的参数行为。的确,只有三个参数(温度,大气压力,和一氧化碳)占总预测精度的大部分。
    结论:数据驱动和统计工具,比如特征重要性度量,有希望区分环境和气候因素在预测与心血管和呼吸系统疾病相关的风险中的作用。我们的研究结果揭示了在公共卫生政策应用中使用这些工具来开发解决与气候变化相关的健康风险的早期预警系统的潜力。并改进疾病预防策略。
    BACKGROUND: Several studies suggest that environmental and climatic factors are linked to the risk of mortality due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases; however, it is still unclear which are the most influential ones. This study sheds light on the potentiality of a data-driven statistical approach by providing a case study analysis.
    METHODS: Daily admissions to the emergency room for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are jointly analyzed with daily environmental and climatic parameter values (temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, carbon monoxide, ozone, particulate matter, and nitrogen dioxide). The Random Forest (RF) model and feature importance measure (FMI) techniques (permutation feature importance (PFI), Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) feature importance, and the derivative-based importance measure (κALE)) are applied for discriminating the role of each environmental and climatic parameter. Data are pre-processed to remove trend and seasonal behavior using the Seasonal Trend Decomposition (STL) method and preliminary analyzed to avoid redundancy of information.
    RESULTS: The RF performance is encouraging, being able to predict cardiovascular and respiratory disease admissions with a mean absolute relative error of 0.04 and 0.05 cases per day, respectively. Feature importance measures discriminate parameter behaviors providing importance rankings. Indeed, only three parameters (temperature, atmospheric pressure, and carbon monoxide) were responsible for most of the total prediction accuracy.
    CONCLUSIONS: Data-driven and statistical tools, like the feature importance measure, are promising for discriminating the role of environmental and climatic factors in predicting the risk related to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Our results reveal the potential of employing these tools in public health policy applications for the development of early warning systems that address health risks associated with climate change, and improving disease prevention strategies.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    川崎病是一种罕见的影响幼儿的血管炎。其病因尚不完全清楚,尽管感染经常被假定为触发因素。呼吸道病毒,具体来说,经常被认为是川崎病表现的病原体。
    我们旨在进行生态时空分析,以确定川崎病的发病率是否与共享地区和人群中的社区呼吸道病毒循环有关,并描述COVID-19大流行之前和期间的病毒关联。
    我们获得了在维多利亚州的两个大型医院网络中进行的川崎病和呼吸道多重聚合酶链反应测试的全州范围内的独立数据集,澳大利亚,从2011年7月到2021年11月。我们通过对维多利亚州不同地区川崎病的月发病率和呼吸聚合酶链反应试验阳性率的负二项回归分析,研究了时空关系。将病毒高峰季节(第95百分位数发病率)与中位病毒循环(第50百分位数发病率)进行比较,以计算高峰季节增加的比率。
    虽然在整个研究期间没有发现川崎病发病率的季节性趋势,我们发现1.52(99%CI1.27-1.82)和1.43(99%CI1.17-1.73)的川崎病表现与人偏肺病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒循环相关的比率增加,分别,在COVID-19大流行之前。在COVID-19大流行期间,未观察到呼吸道病毒与川崎病的关联。
    我们的大型生态分析证明了人类偏肺病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒循环与川崎病之间的新型时空关系。这些关联在COVID-19大流行中的消失可能反映了在此期间非SARS-CoV-2病毒的传播减少,支持本研究中确定的流行前关联。人类偏肺病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒在川崎病病因中的作用值得进一步研究。
    UNASSIGNED: Kawasaki disease is an uncommon vasculitis affecting young children. Its etiology is not completely understood, although infections have been frequently postulated as the triggers. Respiratory viruses, specifically, have often been implicated as causative agents for Kawasaki disease presentations.
    UNASSIGNED: We aimed to conduct an ecological spatiotemporal analysis to determine whether Kawasaki disease incidence was related to community respiratory virus circulation in a shared region and population, and to describe viral associations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    UNASSIGNED: We obtained independent statewide data sets of hospital admissions of Kawasaki disease and respiratory multiplex polymerase chain reaction tests performed at two large hospital networks in Victoria, Australia, from July 2011 to November 2021. We studied spatiotemporal relationships by negative binomial regression analysis of the monthly incidence of Kawasaki disease and the rate of positive respiratory polymerase chain reaction tests in different regions of Victoria. Peak viral seasons (95th percentile incidence) were compared to median viral circulation (50th percentile incidence) to calculate peak season increased rate ratios.
    UNASSIGNED: While no seasonal trend in Kawasaki disease incidence was identified throughout the study period, we found a 1.52 (99% CI 1.27-1.82) and a 1.43 (99% CI 1.17-1.73) increased rate ratio of Kawasaki disease presentations in association with human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus circulation, respectively, before the COVID-19 pandemic. No respiratory viral associations with Kawasaki disease were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    UNASSIGNED: Our large ecological analysis demonstrates novel spatiotemporal relationships between human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus circulation with Kawasaki disease. The disappearance of these associations in the COVID-19 pandemic may reflect the reduced circulation of non-SARS-CoV-2 viruses during this period, supporting the prepandemic associations identified in this study. The roles of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in Kawasaki disease etiology warrant further investigation.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    巴西亚马逊,一个重要的热带地区,面对人类活动不断升级的威胁,农业,和气候变化。本研究旨在评估森林火灾发生之间的关系,气象因素,2009年至2019年,亚马逊法律地区因呼吸系统疾病而住院。使用带有官方数据的联立方程模型,我们研究了森林砍伐引起的火灾与呼吸健康问题之间的关联。在研究期间,合法亚马逊地区记录了惊人的1,438,322场野火,1,218,606(85%)发生在8月至12月,被称为森林火灾季节。在森林火灾季节,在1,532,228例呼吸系统疾病住院人数中,有很大一部分(566,707)是0-14岁和60岁及以上的个人。构造了由两组联立方程组组成的模型。该模型说明了气象条件的季节性波动,驱动与森林火灾增加相关的人类活动。它还代表了空气质量变化如何影响森林火灾期间呼吸道疾病的发生。这种建模方法揭示了更干燥的条件,升高的温度,降水减少加剧了火灾事故,在合法亚马逊地区的森林火灾季节,每1000次森林火灾事件中,呼吸道疾病的住院率高达22次。2009-2019年。这项研究强调了迫切需要环境和健康政策来减轻亚马逊雨林野火的影响。强调森林砍伐的相互作用,气候变化,以及人为火灾对呼吸道健康的影响。
    The Brazilian Amazon, a vital tropical region, faces escalating threats from human activities, agriculture, and climate change. This study aims to assess the relationship between forest fire occurrences, meteorological factors, and hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases in the Legal Amazon region from 2009 to 2019. Employing simultaneous equation models with official data, we examined the association between deforestation-induced fires and respiratory health issues. Over the studied period, the Legal Amazon region recorded a staggering 1,438,322 wildfires, with 1,218,606 (85%) occurring during August-December, known as the forest fire season. During the forest fire season, a substantial portion (566,707) of the total 1,532,228 hospital admissions for respiratory diseases were recorded in individuals aged 0-14 years and 60 years and above. A model consisting of two sets of simultaneous equations was constructed. This model illustrates the seasonal fluctuations in meteorological conditions driving human activities associated with increased forest fires. It also represents how air quality variations impact the occurrence of respiratory diseases during forest fires. This modeling approach unveiled that drier conditions, elevated temperatures, and reduced precipitation exacerbate fire incidents, impacting hospital admissions for respiratory diseases at a rate as high as 22 hospital admissions per 1000 forest fire events during the forest fire season in the Legal Amazon, 2009-2019. This research highlights the urgent need for environmental and health policies to mitigate the effects of Amazon rainforest wildfires, stressing the interplay of deforestation, climate change, and human-induced fires on respiratory health.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    COVID-19是一种空气传播的呼吸道疾病,主要影响肺部。迄今为止,新冠肺炎感染了5.8亿人,全球约700万人死亡。COVID-19的出现也影响了传染性,诊断,和现有疾病如流感的疾病结果,TB,人群中的哮喘。这些是空气传播的呼吸道疾病,其症状和传播方式与COVID-19相似。据推测,COVID-19大流行的长期性加上疫苗接种可能会影响其他呼吸道疾病和死亡率。在这项研究中,我们分析了COVID-19对流感的影响,结核病(TB),和哮喘。我们的分析表明,COVID-19对流感的死亡率有潜在影响,TB,和哮喘。这些影响在COVID-19时代之前各不相同,在大流行的高峰期,在实施疫苗接种/预防措施后,以及世界各地的不同地区。总的来说,流感在大流行期间的传播普遍减少,导致流感相关住院治疗的支出减少,尽管在设定时间有零星的尖峰。相比之下,结核病死亡人数普遍增加,可能是由于获得结核病服务的中断和资源减少。哮喘死亡,另一方面,只是略有变化。总的来说,COVID-19的出现增加了一些呼吸道传染病的总支出,而其他传染病的费用要么降低,要么不受影响。
    COVID-19 is an airborne respiratory disease that mainly affects the lungs. To date, COVID-19 has infected 580 million people with a mortality of approximately 7 million people worldwide. The emergence of COVID-19 has also affected the infectivity, diagnosis, and disease outcomes of existing diseases such as influenza, TB, and asthma in human populations. These are airborne respiratory diseases with symptoms and mode of transmission similar to those of COVID-19. It was speculated that the protracted nature of the COVID-19 pandemic coupled with vaccination could impact other respiratory diseases and mortality. In this study, we analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on flu, tuberculosis (TB), and asthma. Our analyses suggest that COVID-19 has a potential impact on the mortality of flu, TB, and asthma. These impacts vary across before the COVID-19 era, during the peak period of the pandemic, and after vaccinations/preventive measures were implemented, as well as across different regions of the world. Overall, the spread of flu generally reduced during the pandemic, resulting in a reduced expenditure on flu-related hospitalizations, although there were sporadic spikes at setting times. In contrast, TB deaths generally increased perhaps due to the disruption in access to TB services and reduction in resources. Asthma deaths, on the other hand, only marginally varied. Collectively, the emergence of COVID-19 added extra cost to the overall expenditure on some respiratory infectious diseases, while the cost for other infectious diseases was either reduced or somewhat unaffected.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    我们计算了日本SARS-CoV-2OmicronBA.2主导时期COVID-19患者家庭接触者的攻击率。在近期(<3个月)未接种疫苗的家庭接触者中,完全接种疫苗的接触者的攻击率低于未完全接种疫苗的接触者。证明间接疫苗的有效性。
    We calculated attack rates for household contacts of COVID-19 patients during the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2-dominant period in Japan. Attack rates among household contacts without recent (<3 months) vaccination was lower for contacts of index patients with complete vaccination than for contacts of index patients without complete vaccination, demonstrating indirect vaccine effectiveness.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

公众号