■在后大流行时代,人们越来越担心COVID-19的潜在后遗症。然而,SARS-CoV-2感染后呼吸道疾病的风险尚未得到全面了解。这项研究旨在调查COVID-19是否会增加COVID-19患者患呼吸系统疾病的长期风险。
■在这个纵向,基于人群的队列研究,我们使用英国生物库数据库建立了三个不同的年龄在37-73岁的队列;1月30日之间在医疗记录中诊断出的COVID-19组,2020年10月30日,2022年和两个对照组,一个当代控制组和一个历史控制组,截止日期是10月30日,2022年10月30日,2019年,分别。三组的随访期均为2.7年(中位随访时间(IQR)为0.8年)。在医疗记录中诊断的呼吸结果包括常见的慢性肺部疾病(哮喘,支气管扩张,慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD),间质性肺病(ILD),肺血管疾病(PVD),还有肺癌.对于数据分析,我们使用Cox回归模型计算了风险比(HR)及其95%CI,在应用逆概率权重(IPTW)之后。
■本研究共纳入3个队列;COVID-19组中112,311名,平均年龄(±SDs)为56.2(8.1)岁,当代对照组359,671,历史对照组为370,979。与当代对照组相比,感染SARS-CoV-2的患者出现呼吸道疾病的风险升高。这包括哮喘,HR为1.49,95%CI为1.28-1.74;支气管扩张(1.30;1.06-1.61);COPD(1.59;1.41-1.81);ILD(1.81;1.38-2.21);PVD(1.59;1.39-1.82);和肺癌(1.39;1.13-1.71)。随着COVID-19急性期的严重程度,预先描述的呼吸结果的风险逐渐增加。此外,在24个月的随访中,我们观察到哮喘和支气管扩张的风险随着时间的推移有增加的趋势.此外,随访0-6个月的肺癌患者的HR为3.07(CI1.73-5.44),肺癌与COVID-19疾病的相关性在6-12个月(1.06;0.43-2.64)和12-24个月(1.02;0.45-2.34)时消失。与那些感染SARS-CoV-2的人相比,再次感染的患者患哮喘的风险较高(3.0;1.32-6.84),COPD(3.07;1.42-6.65),ILD(3.61;1.11-11.8),和肺癌(3.20;1.59-6.45)。与作为对照组的历史队列进行比较时,发现了类似的发现,包括哮喘(1.31;1.13-1.52);支气管扩张(1.53;1.23-1.89);COPD(1.41;1.24-1.59);ILD(2.53;2.05-3.13);PVD(2.30;1.98-2.66);和肺癌(2.23;1.78-2.79)。
我们的研究表明,COVID-19患者患呼吸系统疾病的风险可能会增加,风险随着感染和再感染的严重程度而增加。即使在24个月的随访中,哮喘和支气管扩张的风险持续增加.因此,对这些人实施适当的随访策略对于监测和管理潜在的长期呼吸道健康问题至关重要.此外,COVID-19个体的肺癌风险增加可能是由于进行的诊断测试和偶然诊断所致.
■国家自然科学基金中国区域创新发展联合基金;国家自然科学基金;中国高层次外国专家引进计划;广东省杰出青年自然科学基金;广东省基础和应用基础研究基金;广东省人民医院引进人才攀登计划和高水平医院建设项目;VA临床优异和ASGE临床研究基金。
UNASSIGNED: In the post-pandemic era, growing apprehension exists regarding the potential sequelae of COVID-19. However, the risks of respiratory diseases following SARS-CoV-2 infection have not been comprehensively understood. This
study aimed to investigate whether COVID-19 increases the long-term risk of respiratory illness in patients with COVID-19.
UNASSIGNED: In this longitudinal, population-based cohort
study, we built three distinct cohorts age 37-73 years using the UK Biobank database; a COVID-19 group diagnosed in medical records between January 30th, 2020 and October 30th, 2022, and two control groups, a contemporary control group and a historical control group, with cutoff dates of October 30th, 2022 and October 30th, 2019, respectively. The follow-up period of all three groups was 2.7 years (the median (IQR) follow-up time was 0.8 years). Respiratory outcomes diagnosed in medical records included common chronic pulmonary diseases (asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary vascular disease (PVD), and lung cancer. For the data analysis, we calculated hazard ratios (HRs) along with their 95% CIs using Cox regression models, following the application of inverse probability weights (IPTW).
UNASSIGNED: A total of 3 cohorts were included in this
study; 112,311 individuals in the COVID-19 group with a mean age (±SDs) of 56.2 (8.1) years, 359,671 in the contemporary control group, and 370,979 in the historical control group. Compared with the contemporary control group, those infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibited elevated risks for developing respiratory diseases. This includes asthma, with a HR of 1.49 and a 95% CI 1.28-1.74; bronchiectasis (1.30; 1.06-1.61); COPD (1.59; 1.41-1.81); ILD (1.81; 1.38-2.21); PVD (1.59; 1.39-1.82); and lung cancer (1.39; 1.13-1.71). With the severity of the acute phase of COVID-19, the risk of pre-described respiratory outcomes increases progressively. Besides, during the 24-months follow-up, we observed an increasing trend in the risks of asthma and bronchiectasis over time. Additionally, the HR of lung cancer for 0-6 month follow-up was 3.07 (CI 1.73-5.44), and the association of lung cancer with COVID-19 disease disappeared at 6-12 month follow-up (1.06; 0.43-2.64) and at 12-24 months (1.02; 0.45-2.34). Compared to those with one SARS-CoV-2 infection, reinfected patients were at a higher risk of asthma (3.0; 1.32-6.84), COPD (3.07; 1.42-6.65), ILD (3.61; 1.11-11.8), and lung cancer (3.20; 1.59-6.45). Similar findings were noted when comparing with a historical cohort serving as a control group, including asthma (1.31; 1.13-1.52); bronchiectasis (1.53; 1.23-1.89); COPD (1.41; 1.24-1.59); ILD (2.53; 2.05-3.13); PVD (2.30; 1.98-2.66); and lung cancer (2.23; 1.78-2.79).
UNASSIGNED: Our research suggests that patients with COVID-19 may have an increased risk of developing respiratory diseases, and the risk increases with the severity of infection and reinfection. Even during the 24-month follow-up, the risk of asthma and bronchiectasis continued to increase. Hence, implementing appropriate follow-up strategies for these individuals is crucial to monitor and manage potential long-term respiratory health issues. Additionally, the increased risk in lung cancer in the COVID-19 individuals was probably due to the diagnostic tests conducted and incidental diagnoses.
UNASSIGNED: The National Natural Science Foundation of China of China Regional Innovation and Development Joint Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Program for High-level Foreign Expert Introduction of China; Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Guangdong Province; Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation; Climbing Program of Introduced Talents and High-level Hospital Construction Project of Guangdong Provincial People\'s Hospital; VA Clinical Merit and ASGE clinical research funds.