未经证实:内生肺炎仍对集约化养猪生产造成重大经济损失。针对其主要病原体的疫苗接种,猪肺炎支原体,在全球范围内进行,以控制疾病并最大程度地减少临床体征和性能损失。尽管如此,两种感染的影响,而接种猪肺炎支原体对先天免疫和适应性免疫反应的影响仍不清楚。因此,我们进行了一项研究,在该研究中,仔猪被注射了一次商业细菌V1或V2,或V1(A)的佐剂,以研究它们对局部的影响,先天和适应性免疫反应。
未经批准:接种疫苗三周后,用猪肺炎支原体对仔猪进行攻击,并在四周后实施安乐死,以通过肺部病变的宏观和微观评估来评估疫苗效力。收集血液和支气管肺泡灌洗液(BAL)样品以测量抗体反应,细胞免疫,BAL细胞因子水平和BAL猪肺炎支原体DNA负荷以及单核细胞的细胞因子分泌。
未经批准:接种疫苗后,抗原特异性CD3+T细胞的增殖和更高百分比的TNF-α+CD8+,在V1中观察到TNF-α和TNF-αIFN-γCD4CD8T细胞,而V2的动物未观察到不同T细胞亚群的增殖或细胞因子产生的显着增加。有趣的是,来自V1和A的LPS刺激的血液单核细胞在D7上分泌较少的IL-10。挑战之后,IgA水平较高,在V1的BAL中检测到更多的IL-10和更少的IL-1β,而在V2中未观察到。来自A的动物在BAL中具有显著更多的IL-17A。在Vl中,安乐死时的宏观肺损伤评分和猪肺炎支原体DNA负荷较低,但在两个接种组的微观肺损伤评分较低。
未经批准:总而言之,这些结果表明,两种商业细菌诱导不同的局部和适应性免疫反应,单独的佐剂可以减少抗炎的先天免疫反应,两种疫苗在减少肺炎支原体样肺部病变和猪肺炎支原体DNA负荷方面具有不同的功效。
Enzootic pneumonia still causes major economic losses to the intensive pig production. Vaccination against its primary pathogen, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is carried out worldwide to control the disease and minimize clinical signs and performance losses. Nonetheless, the effects of both infection with, and vaccination against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on the innate and adaptive immune responses remain largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a study in which piglets were injected once with a commercial bacterin V1 or V2, or the adjuvant of V1 (A) to investigate their effect on local, innate and adaptive immune responses.
Three weeks after vaccination, piglets were challenge infected with M. hyopneumoniae and euthanized four weeks later to assess vaccine efficacy via macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of lung lesions. Blood and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BAL) samples were collected to measure antibody responses, cellular immunity, BAL cytokine levels and BAL M. hyopneumoniae DNA load as well as cytokine secretion by monocytes.
After vaccination, proliferation of antigen-specific CD3+ T cells and a higher percentage of TNF-α+ CD8+, and TNF-α+ and TNF-α+IFN-γ+ CD4+CD8+ T cells was seen in V1, while proliferation of or a significant increase in cytokine production by different T cell subsets could not be observed for animals from V2. Interestingly, LPS-stimulated blood monocytes from V1 and A secreted less IL-10 on D7. After challenge, higher levels of IgA, more IL-10 and less IL-1β was detected in BAL from V1, which was not observed in V2. Animals from A had significantly more IL-17A in BAL. The macroscopic lung lesion score and the M. hyopneumoniae DNA load at euthanasia was lower in V1, but the microscopic lung lesion score was lower in both vaccinated groups.
In conclusion, these results indicate that the two commercial bacterins induced different local and adaptive immune responses, that the adjuvant alone can reduce anti-inflammatory innate immune responses, and that both vaccines had a different efficacy to reduce Mycoplasma-like lung lesions and M. hyopneumoniae DNA load in the lung.