猪生产系统中猪肺炎支原体感染的死前检测一直依赖抗体检测,但是基于DNA检测和新诊断样本的测试的可用性,例如,气管拭子和口腔液,有可能改善猪肺炎支原体的监测。在14周的时间内进行了一项野外研究,在此期间,在一个房间中心的一个围栏中的10头猪与饲养在46个围栏中的1,250只6周龄猪进行了气管内接种猪肺炎支原体。一个气管样本,四个血清样本,每隔2周从每个围栏收集一份口腔液样品。测试气管和口腔液样品的猪肺炎支原体DNA和血清样品的猪肺炎支原体抗体。使用分层贝叶斯模型对测试结果进行建模,基于潜在的空间分段指数生存模型,通过围栏内患病率来估计检测的概率,谷仓里的阳性钢笔数量,样本分配,样本量,和样品类型随着时间的推移。分析表明,气管样本提供了最早的检测,特别是在大样本量的情况下。虽然血清样本更常见,测试成本更低,在大样本量下暴露后30天获得高概率的检测估计值.在所有情况下,30天内口腔液的检测估计概率显著低于气管和血清样本.最终,试样类型的选择,样本编号,化验将取决于测试目标和经济学,但是此处提供的估算值将有助于设计针对不同情况的猪肺炎支原体监测和监测计划。
Antemortem detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in swine production systems has relied on antibody testing, but the availability of tests based on DNA detection and novel diagnostic specimens, e.g., tracheal swabs and oral fluids, has the potential to improve M. hyopneumoniae surveillance. A field study was performed over a 14-week period during which 10 pigs in one pen at the center of a room with 1,250 6-week-old pigs housed in 46 pens were intratracheally inoculated with M. hyopneumoniae Thereafter, one tracheal sample, four serum samples, and one oral fluid sample were collected from every pen at 2-week intervals. Tracheal and oral fluid samples were tested for M. hyopneumoniae DNA and serum samples for M. hyopneumoniae antibody. Test results were modeled using a hierarchical Bayesian model, based on a latent spatial piecewise exponential survival model, to estimate the probability of detection by within-pen prevalence, number of positive pens in the barn, sample allocation, sample size, and sample type over time. Analysis showed that tracheal samples provided the earliest detection, especially at large sample sizes. While serum samples are more commonly collected and are less expensive to test, high probability of detection estimates were only obtained 30 days postexposure at large sample sizes. In all scenarios, probability of detection estimates for oral fluids within 30 days were significantly lower than those for tracheal and serum samples. Ultimately, the choice of specimen type, sample number, and assay will depend on testing objectives and economics, but the estimates provided here will assist in the design of M. hyopneumoniae surveillance and monitoring programs for different situations.