Seven novel porcine parvoviruses (PPV2 to PPV8) have been discovered in the last two decades. The last one reported was PPV8 in China in 2022, which was proposed to be a member of the genus Protoparvovirus. Here, we report the first detection of PPV8 outside China - in two provinces from Colombia. Six out of 146 (4.1%) pigs showing porcine respiratory disease (PRD) tested positive for PPV8. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of two Colombian PPV8 isolates (GenBank database accession numbers PP335559 and PP335560) showed them to be members of the genus Protoparvovirus. Furthermore, PPV8 was detected in coinfections with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which are associated with PRD.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated clinical and laboratory characteristics of human bocavirus type 1 (HBoV1)-plastic bronchiolitis (PB), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-associated plastic bronchitis (PB) and MP-NPB in children, highlighting inflammation, coagulation, and bronchoscopic needs.
METHODS: Data on preschool children with PB during HBoV1 or MP infection were collected, comparing MP-PB to severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.
RESULTS: Compared with the MP-PB group, the HBoV1-PB group, with younger children, had significantly milder clinical symptoms but higher WBC counts (p = .028). The MP-PB group exhibited notably elevated Fibrinogen (p = .045) and d-dimer levels (p < .001). When contrasting the MP-PB with the MP-NPB group, children in MP-PB group still had higher levels of d-dimer and increased inflammatory indicators such as C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, and interleukin-6, which were significantly elevated compared with the MP-NPB group. MP-PB showed a higher prevalence of plastic bronchial casts in lower lobes (p = .016) and a dominance of neutrophils in BALF cytology. Additionally, children in the MP-PB group tended to undergo a greater number of bronchoscopies.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies key differences in plastic bronchitis in children due to HBoV1 and MP, highlighting HBoV1\'s milder inflammation in younger kids and MP\'s link to severe inflammatory and coagulation responses, guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Myocarditis (MC) is defined as an immunological inflammatory reaction with various etiologies, clinical presentations and prognoses within the myocardium. Currently, parvovirus B19 (PVB19) has become the main factor leading to this disease, replacing the previously dominant viruses A and B. In the case of chronic heart failure with subsequent dilated cardiomyopathy, approximately 67% have a viral etiology, and most of them are the result of PVB19 infection. However, the analysis showed a correlation between PVB19 infection and the risk of developing inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi). PVB19 is detected in 23% of patients with DCMi. Chronic infection may also contribute to progressive left ventricular failure in patients with a history of MC. The above effect suggests the active replication of PVB19 only in heart biopsies with inflammation due to MC or DCMi. Moreover, the supply of IFN-β to suppress the active transcription of PVB19 accompanied by DCMi over a period of 6 months results in the normalization of NT-proBNP and an improvement in LVEF along with NYHA performance. The small number of reports on this topic and inaccuracies resulting from constantly conducted research and ongoing changes make it impossible to clearly answer the question of whether PVB19 is a factor inducing de novo MC and DCM or only accompanies the above conditions. However, large clinical cohort studies lead to the perception of PVB19 as a viral etiological agent capable of causing de novo MC together with DCMi.

OBJECTIVE: Canine parvovirus enteritis (CPE) is a contagious viral disease of dogs caused by the canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. CPV-2 has a high global evolutionary rate. Molecular characterization of CPV-2 and understanding its epidemiology are essential for controlling CPV-2 infections.
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the risk factors and survival outcomes of dogs infected with CPV-2. Molecular characterization of CPV-2 genotypes circulating in Egypt was performed to determine the evolution of CPV-2 nationally and globally.
METHODS: An age-matched case-control study was conducted on 47 control and 47 CPV-infected dogs. Conditional logistic regression analysis examined the association between the potential risk factors and CPE in dogs. Survival analysis was performed to determine the survival pattern of the infected dogs. Thirteen fecal samples from infected dogs were collected to confirm the CPV genotype by CPV-2 VP2 gene sequencing, assembly of nucleotide sequences, and phylogenic analysis.
RESULTS: Unvaccinated and roamer dogs had eight and 2.3 times higher risks of CPV infection than vaccinated dogs and non-roamer dogs, respectively. The risk of death from CPE was high among dogs without routine visits to veterinary clinics and among non-roamer dogs. Molecular characterization of CPV-2 confirmed its genotype identity and relationship with the CPV-2 c and b clade types.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the potential factors for CPE control, especially vaccination and preventing dogs from roaming freely outside houses. Isolated CPV genotypes are closely related to southern Asian genotypes, suggesting a substantial opportunity for global transmission.

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Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are promising gene therapy vectors, but challenges arise when treating patients with preexisting neutralizing antibodies. Worldwide seroprevalence studies provide snapshots of existing immunity in diverse populations. Owing to the uniqueness of the Basque socio-geographical landscape, we investigated the seroprevalence of eight AAV serotypes in residents of the Basque Country. We found the highest seroprevalence of AAV3, and the lowest seroprevalence of AAV9. Additionally, less than 50% of the Basque population has neutralizing antibodies against AAV4, AAV6, and AAV9. Our findings provide insight into AAV infections in the Basque region, public health, and the development of AAV-based therapeutics.

BACKGROUND: Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is the most common enteric virus that infects canids. CPV is the causative agent of a contagious disease defined mostly by clinical gastrointestinal signs in dogs. During the late 1970s, CPV-2 emerged as a new virus capable of infecting domestic dogs and growing across the world. The VP2 gene stands out as a key determinant in the pathogenicity, antigenicity, and host interactions of CPV-2.
OBJECTIVE: The molecular characterization of the VP2 gene is crucial for understanding CPV evolution and epidemiology.
METHODS: Genes encoding the VP2 protein were sequenced and compared to reference strains worldwide. The maximum likelihood method was used to build a phylogenetic tree using CPV VP2 gene nucleotide sequences.
RESULTS: Our phylogenetic analysis of the VP2 gene revealed that five strains were very similar and clustered together, and three strains were in the 2b clade, whereas the other two were in the 2a/2b clade.
CONCLUSIONS: This paper reports the molecular characterization of two novel CPV-2a/2b subtypes in dogs with gastrointestinal symptoms. Genetic analysis was conducted on a CPV genomic region encompassing one of the open reading frames (ORFs) encoding the structural protein VP2. Sequence analysis indicates new and unreported sequence changes, mainly affecting the VP2 gene, which includes the mutations Ser297Ala and Leu87Met. This study represents the first evidence of a new CPV-2a/2b subtype in Türkiye. Due to VP2\'s crucial role in encoding the capsid protein of CPV-2 and its significant involvement in the host-virus interaction, it is critical to closely monitor its evolutionary changes and be cautious while searching for novel or pre-existing subtypes.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the significance of continuous molecular research for acquiring more insights on the circulation of novel CPV mutants.

Porcine parvoviruses (PPVs) are among the most important agents of reproductive failure in swine worldwide. PPVs comprise eight genetically different species ascribed to four genera: Protoparvovirus (PPV1, PPV8), Tetraparvovirus (PPV2-3), Copiparvovirus (PPV4-6), and Chaphamaparvovirus (PPV7). In 2016, PPV7 was firstly detected in the USA and afterwards in Europe, Asia, and South America. Recently, it was also identified in Italy in pig farms with reproductive failure. This study aimed to evaluate the circulation of PPV7 in domestic and wild pigs in Sardinia, Italy. In addition, its coinfection with Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) and 3 (PCV3) was analysed, and PPV7 Italian strains were molecularly characterised. PPV7 was detected in domestic pigs and, for the first time, wild pigs in Italy. The PPV7 viral genome was detected in 20.59% of domestic and wild pig samples. PPV7 detection was significantly lower in domestic pigs, with higher PCV2/PCV3 co-infection rates observed in PPV7-positive than in PPV7-negative domestic pigs. Molecular characterisation of the NS1 gene showed a very high frequency of recombination that could presumably promote virus spreading.

Reports of newly discovered equine hepatotropic flavi- and parvoviruses have emerged throughout the last decade in many countries, the discovery of which has stimulated a great deal of interest and clinical research. Although commonly detected in horses without signs of disease, equine parvovirus hepatitis (EqPV-H) and equine hepacivirus (EqHV) have been associated with liver disease, including following the administration of contaminated anti-toxin. Our aim was to determine whether EqPV-H and EqHV are present in Australian horses and whether EqPV-H was present in French horses and to examine sequence diversity between strains of both viruses amongst infected horses on either side of the globe. Sera from 188 Australian horses and 256 French horses from horses with and without clinical signs of disease were collected. Twelve out of 256 (4.7%) and 6 out of 188 (3.2%) French and Australian horses, respectively, were positive for the molecular detection of EqPV-H. Five out of 256 (1.9%) and 21 out of 188 (11.2%) French and Australian horses, respectively, were positive for the molecular detection of EqHV. Australian strains for both viruses were genomically clustered, in contrast to strains from French horses, which were more broadly distributed. The findings of this preliminary survey, with the molecular detection of EqHV and EqPV-H in Australia and the latter in France, adds to the growing body of awareness regarding these recently discovered hepatotropic viruses. It has provided valuable information not just in terms of geographic endemicity but will guide equine clinicians, carers, and authorities regarding infectious agents and potential impacts of allogenic tissue contamination. Although we have filled many gaps in the world map regarding equine hepatotropic viruses, further prospective studies in this emerging field may be useful in terms of elucidating risk factors and pathogenesis of these pathogens and management of cases in terms of prevention and diagnosis.

Migratory wild birds can carry various pathogens, such as influenza A virus, which can spread to globally and cause disease outbreaks and epidemics. Continuous epidemiological surveillance of migratory wild birds is of great significance for the early warning, prevention, and control of epidemics. To investigate the pathogen infection status of migratory wild birds in eastern China, fecal samples were collected from wetlands to conduct pathogen surveillance. The results showed that duck orthoreovirus (DRV) and goose parvovirus (GPV) nucleic acid were detected positive in the fecal samples collected from wild ducks, egrets, and swan. Phylogenetic analysis of the amplified viral genes reveals that the isolates were closely related to the prevalent strains in the regions involved in East Asian-Australasian (EAA) migratory flyway. Phylogenetic analysis of the amplified viral genes confirmed that they were closely related to circulating strains in the regions involved in the EAA migration pathway. The findings of this study have expanded the host range of the orthoreovirus and parvovirus, and revealed possible virus transmission between wild migratory birds and poultry.