霉菌毒素与不利的健康影响有关,包括肝癌和肾脏疾病。本研究的目的是评估黎巴嫩成年人的饮食暴露于多种真菌毒素(黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1),黄曲霉毒素M1(AFM1),曲霉毒素A(OTA),曲霉毒素B(OTB),脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON),T-2和HT-2)并评估其相关的健康风险。因此,对18-64岁的449名具有全国代表性的参与者进行了采访,以获得他们的社会人口统计学特征,食品消费数据和暴露估计。使用食物频率问卷和24小时召回来收集数据。参与者食用的所有食物中霉菌毒素的浓度是从以前的国家发表的研究中收集的。估计每日摄入量(EDI),计算了风险商(HQ)和暴露裕度(MOE)。AFB1,AFM1,OTA和DON的总暴露量为1.26、0.39、4.10和411.18ng/kgbw/day,分别。黎巴嫩食物篮中的MOE到AFB1,AFM1,OTA和DON分别为316、1454、3539和510,表明与健康相关的风险很高。每个食品项目,MOE到AFB1的谷物含量低于10,000(466.5),主要以水稻(827.9)和Burgul(4868.5)为主。同样,谷物中的MOE到OTA是1439,其中面包(4022),大米(7589)和碾碎小麦(7628)被认为是不安全的。此外,谷物中的MOE到DON(605)令人震惊,尤其是面包(632)和manakesh(6879)。乳制品中AFM1的MOE为1454,表明与健康相关的风险,重点是酸奶(9788)和labneh(8153)。至于草药/香料组和传统菜肴,MOE到AFB1相对低于10,000(分别为3690和1625),专注于百里香(2624)和kishik(3297),分别。值得注意的是,传统食品和咖啡中的MOE到DON和MOE到OTA低于10,000(分别为8047和8867)。除牛奶和乳制品的HQ值(1.96)外,所有风险商(HQ)值均低于1。某些食物组的摄入量因年龄类别而异,对应于它们之间EDI的差异。因此,必须采取控制措施,以减少黎巴嫩消费者对霉菌毒素的污染和接触。
Mycotoxins have been linked to adverse health impacts, including liver cancer and kidney diseases. The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the dietary exposure of Lebanese adults to multi-mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), ochratoxin A (OTA), ochratoxin B (OTB), deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 and HT-2) and to assess their associated health risks. Hence, a nationally representative sample of 449 participants aged 18-64 years old were interviewed to obtain their socio-demographic characteristics, food consumption data and exposure estimates. A food frequency questionnaire and 24 h-recall were used to collect data. The concentration of mycotoxins in all foods consumed by the participants was collected from previous national published studies. The estimated daily intake (EDI), the hazard quotient (HQ) and the margin of exposure (MOE) were calculated. The total exposure to AFB1, AFM1, OTA and DON was 1.26, 0.39, 4.10 and 411.18 ng/kg bw/day, respectively. The MOE to AFB1, AFM1, OTA and DON in the Lebanese food basket was 316, 1454, 3539 and 510, respectively, indicating high health-related risks. Per food items, the MOE to AFB1 was below 10,000 in cereals (466.5), mainly in rice (827.9) and Burgul (4868.5). Similarly, the MOE to OTA in cereals was 1439, in which bread (4022), rice (7589) and bulgur (7628) were considered unsafe. Moreover, the MOE to DON in cereals (605) is alarming, especially in bread (632) and manakesh (6879). The MOE to AFM1 in dairy products was 1454, indicating health-related risks with a focus on yogurt (9788) and labneh (8153). As for the herbs/spices group and traditional dishes, the MOE to AFB1 was relatively lower than 10,000 (3690 and 1625, respectively), with a focus on thyme (2624) and kishik (3297), respectively. It is noteworthy that the MOE to DON and the MOE to OTA in traditional foods and coffee were lower than 10,000 (8047 and 8867, respectively). All hazard quotient (HQ) values were below 1, except the HQ value of milk and dairy products (1.96). The intake of some food groups varied between age categories, corresponding to differences in EDI between them. Thus, it is essential to put control measures in place to decrease the contamination and exposure to mycotoxins by Lebanese consumers.