在目前的竞技场上,新一代功能纳米材料是智能解决方案和应用的关键参与者,包括污染物的环境净化。在大量的新一代纳米材料中,基于石墨烯的纳米材料和纳米复合材料由于其独特的物理化学特性和优越的表面化学而超越其同行。本研究的目的是通过绿色方法合成和表征磁铁矿氧化铁/还原氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料(FeNPs/rGO),并测试其在亚甲基蓝降解中的应用。采用改进的Hummer协议,通过使用石墨路线的化学剥离方法合成氧化石墨烯(GO)。以印版的叶提取物为绿色还原剂,将GO还原成还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)。然后,使用绿色沉积方法和印薄氮芥叶提取物,包含磁铁矿氧化铁和还原氧化石墨烯的纳米复合材料,即,合成了FeNPs/rGO。在官能化的FeNPs/rGO的合成过程中,印染叶提取物起到了还原作用,capping,和稳定剂。使用一系列技术对最终合成的材料进行表征和分析,例如扫描电子显微镜(SEM)-能量色散X射线显微分析(EDX),傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR),X射线衍射分析,和紫外可见分光光度法。使用UV-可见光谱来评估光学特性和带隙。使用FT-IR光谱,在合成的石墨烯基纳米材料和纳米复合材料中鉴定了官能团。使用SEM-EDX研究了通过绿色沉积工艺合成的纳米材料和纳米复合材料的形貌和元素分析。GO,rGO,FeNPs,FeNPs/rGO在232、265、395和405nm处显示出最大吸收,分别。FTIR光谱显示不同官能团(OH,COOH,C=O),C-O-C)改性材料表面。根据DebyeSherrer的方程,所有合成材料的平均计算粒径<100nm(GO=60-80,rGO=90-95,FeNPs=70-90,Fe/GO=40-60,和Fe/rGO=80-85nm)。基于石墨烯的纳米材料显示出具有簇状和球形的粗糙表面,EDX分析证实了所有纳米复合材料中同时存在铁和氧。通过合成方法生产的最终纳米复合材料降解了大约74%的亚甲基蓝。根据结果,这似乎是合理的结论,合成的FeNPs/rGO纳米复合材料也可以用作其他不同染料污染物的潜在光催化剂降解剂,由于其较低的带隙。
In the current arena, new-generation functional nanomaterials are the key players for smart solutions and applications including environmental decontamination of pollutants. Among the plethora of new-generation nanomaterials, graphene-based nanomaterials and nanocomposites are in the driving seat surpassing their counterparts due to their unique physicochemical characteristics and superior surface chemistry. The purpose of the present research was to synthesize and characterize magnetite iron oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (FeNPs/rGO) via a green approach and test its application in the degradation of methylene blue. The modified Hummer\'s protocol was adopted to synthesize graphene oxide (GO) through a chemical exfoliation approach using a graphitic route. Leaf extract of Azadirachta indica was used as a green reducing agent to reduce GO into reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Then, using the green deposition approach and Azadirachta indica leaf extract, a
nanocomposite comprising magnetite iron oxides and reduced graphene oxide i.e., FeNPs/rGO was synthesized. During the synthesis of functionalized FeNPs/rGO, Azadirachta indica leaf extract acted as a reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent. The final synthesized materials were characterized and analyzed using an array of techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction analysis, and UV-visible spectrophotometry. The UV-visible spectrum was used to evaluate the optical characteristics and band gap. Using the FT-IR spectrum, functional groupings were identified in the synthesized graphene-based nanomaterials and nanocomposites. The morphology and elemental analysis of nanomaterials and nanocomposites synthesized via the green deposition process were investigated using SEM-EDX. The GO, rGO, FeNPs, and FeNPs/rGO showed maximum absorption at 232, 265, 395, and 405 nm, respectively. FTIR spectrum showed different functional groups (OH, COOH, C=O), C-O-C) modifying material surfaces. Based on Debye Sherrer\'s equation, the mean calculated particle size of all synthesized materials was < 100 nm (GO = 60-80, rGO = 90-95, FeNPs = 70-90, Fe/GO = 40-60, and Fe/rGO = 80-85 nm). Graphene-based nanomaterials displayed rough surfaces with clustered and spherical shapes and EDX analysis confirmed the presence of both iron and oxygen in all the nanocomposites. The final nanocomposites produced via the synthetic process degraded approximately 74% of methylene blue. Based on the results, it is plausible to conclude that synthesized FeNPs/rGO nanocomposites can also be used as a potential photocatalyst degrader for other different dye pollutants due to their lower band gap.