纳米封装被广泛认为是一种通过保护精油免受氧化变质和蒸发来增强精油稳定性的高效策略。本研究旨在优化和表征一种有效的Cinnamomum封装技术(C.)利用响应面法(RSM)将维生精油转化为壳聚糖纳米颗粒。此外,研究了优化的C.verumEO纳米颗粒的抗菌性(针对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌),抗真菌药(针对白色念珠菌),和抗寄生虫活性(对抗利什曼原虫寄生虫)。使用Plackett-Burman和Box-Behnken统计设计研究了五个参数:壳聚糖分子量,TPP浓度,C.VerumEO/壳聚糖比率,混合方法,以及反应的持续时间。封装效率和抗念珠菌活性被视为响应。抗菌,anticanddal,还使用标准微肉汤稀释测定法评估了抗利什曼虫活性,并针对巨噬细胞系RAW264.7评估了细胞毒性测定法。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱对优化后的纳米粒子进行了表征,Zeta电位,和扫描电子显微镜。研究结果表明,在最佳条件下,将C.verumEO纳米封装到壳聚糖纳米颗粒中导致92.58%的封装效率,有规律的分布,纳米颗粒尺寸为480±14.55nm,和35.64±1.37mV的良好Zeta电位。优化的C.verumEO/壳聚糖纳米颗粒对白色念珠菌病原体(CMI=125µgmL-1)具有很强的抗真菌活性,对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌具有显着的抗菌活性(范围为125至250µgmL-1),针对热带乳杆菌和主要乳杆菌的前鞭毛形式的高利什曼杀虫潜力(IC50分别为10.47和15.09µgmL-1),与未包封的精油相比,细胞毒性降低了四倍。这些结果表明,装载C.verumEO的壳聚糖纳米颗粒可能是用于治疗皮肤白色念珠菌感染的有前途的递送系统。
Nanoencapsulation is widely considered as a highly effective strategy to enhance essential oils\' (EO) stability by protecting them from oxidative deterioration and evaporation. The present study aims to optimize and characterize an efficient technique for encapsulating Cinnamomum (C.) verum essential oil into chitosan nanoparticles using response surface methodology (RSM). Moreover, the optimized C. verum EO nanoparticle was investigated for its antibacterial (against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria), antifungal (against Candida albicans), and antiparasitic activity (against Leishmania parasites). Five parameters were investigated using a Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken statistical design: the chitosan molecular weight, TPP concentration, C. verum EO/chitosan ratio, mixing method, and the duration of the reaction. Encapsulation efficiency and anti-candida activity were considered as responses. The antibacterial, anticandidal, and anti-leishmanial activities were also assessed using a standard micro-broth dilution assay and the cytotoxicity assay was assessed against the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. The optimized nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Zeta potential, and scanning electron microscopy. The study results indicated that under optimal conditions, the nanoencapsulation of C. verum EO into chitosan nanoparticles resulted in an encapsulation efficiency of 92.58%, with a regular distribution, a nanoparticle size of 480 ± 14.55 nm, and a favorable Zeta potential of 35.64 ± 1.37 mV. The optimized C. verum EO/chitosan nanoparticles showed strong antifungal activity against C. albicans pathogens (CMI = 125 µg mL-1), notable antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (ranging from 125 to 250 µg mL-1), high leishmanicidal potential against the promastigotes form of L. tropica and L. major (IC50 = 10.47 and 15.09 µg mL-1, respectively), and a four-fold cytotoxicity reduction compared to non-encapsulated essential oil. These results suggest that C. verum EO-loaded chitosan nanoparticles could be a promising delivery system for the treatment of cutaneous Candida albicans infections.