多糖(PS)作为生物材料广泛应用于给药,由于其优异的生物相容性,易于功能化,和内在的生物活性。在各种基于PS的生物材料中,自组装PS纳米凝胶(NG)具有易于制备的特点,在各种生物医学应用中吸引了越来越多的兴趣。具体来说,天然PS自组装的NG很好地保持了PS的物理化学和生物学特性,同时避免了PS结构的化学修饰或改变。代表用于各种治疗剂的有效药物递送系统。在这次审查中,自然PS,如壳聚糖,海藻酸盐,和透明质酸,总结了自组装NG结构及其在药物递送应用中的优势。残留物,如胺,羧基,和羟基,在这些PS上为离子交联和金属配位提供了多个位点,这极大地有助于自组装NG的形成以及载药量,从而实现了PSNG的广泛生物医学应用,尤其是给药。还讨论了这些自组装PSNG的临床翻译的未来发展和考虑。
The polysaccharides (PS) have been widely used as biomaterials in drug delivery, due to their excellent biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, and intrinsic biological activities. Among the various PS-based biomaterials, the self-assembled PS nanogels (NG) featuring facile preparation are attracting evergrowing interests in various biomedical applications. Specifically, NG derived from the self-assembly of natural PS well maintain both the physicochemical and biological properties of PS while avoiding the chemical modification or alteration of PS structure, representing a potent drug delivery system for various therapeutic agents. In this review, the natural PS, such as chitosan, alginate, and hyaluronan, for self-assembled NG construction and their advantages in the applications of drug delivery have been summarized. The residues, such as amine, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups, on these PS provide multiple sites for both ionic cross-linking and metal coordination, which greatly contribute to the formation of self-assembled NG as well as the drug loading, thus enabling a wide biomedical application of PS NG, especially for drug delivery. Future developments and considerations in the clinical translation of these self-assembled PS NG have also been discussed.