目的:分析欧洲人群中486例人血清代谢产物与活动性结核(ATB)的因果关系。
方法:在本研究中,通过整合全基因组关联研究(GWAS),分析了人血清代谢物与ATB之间的因果关系.将486种人血清代谢物作为暴露变量,欧洲人口中三个不同的ATBGWAS数据库被设置为结果变量,单核苷酸多态性被用作孟德尔随机化的工具变量。方差逆加权是因果关系估计,MR-Egger截距来估计水平多效性,荟萃分析中还考虑了代谢物的综合效应。此外,基于网络的MetaboAnalyst6.0从事富集途径分析,采用R(4.3.2版)软件和ReviewManager5.3进行统计分析。
结果:在初步筛选后,在三个数据库中发现了与ATB强相关的总共21、17和19种代谢物(P<0.05)。这些数据库中的交叉代谢物包括色氨酸,甜菜碱,1-亚油酰基甘油(1-单油酸甘油酯)(1-LG),1-二十三烯酰甘油磷酸胆碱,和油酰肉碱.其中,甜菜碱(I2=24%,P=0.27)和1-LG(I2=0%,P=0.62)显示不同ATB数据库之间的异质性最低。此外,磷脂酰乙醇胺生物合成的代谢途径(P=0.0068),蛋氨酸代谢(P=0.0089),甜菜碱代谢(P=0.0205)和支链脂肪酸的氧化(P=0.0309)也与ATB有关。
结论:甜菜碱和1-LG可能是ATB的生物标志物或辅助诊断工具。它们可能为ATB的早期诊断和监测提供新的医学实践指导。此外,通过干扰磷脂酰乙醇胺的生物合成,蛋氨酸代谢,甜菜碱代谢,支链脂肪酸的氧化,和其他途径,有助于开发新的抗结核药物,更深层次地探讨ATB的毒力或发病机制,为今后的研究提供了有效的参考。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the causal relationship between 486 human serum metabolites and the active tuberculosis (ATB) in European population.
METHODS: In this study, the causal relationship between human serum metabolites and the ATB was analyzed by integrating the genome-wide association study (GWAS). The 486 human serum metabolites were used as the exposure variable, three different ATB GWAS databases in the European population were set as outcome variables, and single nucleotide polymorphisms were used as instrumental variables for Mendelian Randomization. The inverse variance weighting was estimated causality, the MR-Egger intercept to estimate horizontal pleiotropy, and the combined effects of metabolites were also considered in the meta-analysis. Furthermore, the web-based MetaboAnalyst 6.0 was engaged for enrichment pathway analysis, while R (version 4.3.2) software and Review Manager 5.3 were employed for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 21, 17, and 19 metabolites strongly associated with ATB were found in the three databases after preliminary screening (P < 0.05). The intersecting metabolites across these databases included tryptophan,
betaine, 1-linoleoylglycerol (1-monolinolein) (1-LG), 1-eicosatrienoylglycerophosphocholine, and oleoylcarnitine. Among them,
betaine (I2 = 24%, P = 0.27) and 1-LG (I2 = 0%, P = 0.62) showed the lowest heterogeneity among the different ATB databases. In addition, the metabolic pathways of phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis (P = 0.0068), methionine metabolism (P = 0.0089),
betaine metabolism (P = 0.0205) and oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids (P = 0.0309) were also associated with ATB.
CONCLUSIONS: Betaine and 1-LG may be biomarkers or auxiliary diagnostic tools for ATB. They may provide new guidance for medical practice in the early diagnosis and surveillance of ATB. In addition, by interfering with phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis, methionine metabolism,
betaine metabolism, oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids, and other pathways, it is helpful to develop new anti-tuberculosis drugs and explore the virulence or pathogenesis of ATB at a deeper level, providing an effective reference for future studies.