隐孢子虫。是引起人类和各种动物腹泻的常见寄生虫病原体。毛皮动物在山东省广泛养殖,中国,但是隐孢子虫的患病率和遗传身份。在他们不清楚。在这项研究中,从602只水貂中收集了1,211个粪便样本,山东两个农场的310只浣熊狗和299只狐狸,并分析了隐孢子虫属。通过巢式PCR和小亚基rRNA基因的序列分析。隐孢子虫的总体感染率。为31.5%(381/1,211),浣熊犬感染率较高(37.7%,117/310)比狐狸(32.4%,97/299)和水貂(27.7%,167/602)。按年龄计算,隐孢子虫感染率最高。在1-2个月的浣熊犬中观察到,5-6个月的水貂,和>12个月的狐狸。检测到三个隐孢子虫物种和基因型,包括C.canis(n=279),棉铃虫(n=65)和水貂隐孢子虫(n=37)基因型。在三大寄主物种中,浣熊犬只感染C.canis(n=117),而狐狸同时感染了犬氏杆菌(n=32)和犬氏杆菌(n=65),和水貂具有C.canis(n=130)和隐孢子虫基因型(n=37)。通过对60kDa糖蛋白基因的序列分析鉴定了犬犬的8种亚型。它们属于两个已知的亚型家族,XXa和XXd,和两个新的亚型家族XXf和XXg,在亚型家族水平具有宿主适应性。值得注意的是,来自狐狸的C.canis在遗传上与其他宿主中的canis相距遥远。进一步的亚型分析确定了隐孢子虫的三个亚型(IIIeA21G2R1,IIIeA19G2R1和IIIeA17G2R1)和两个新的隐孢子虫基因型的亚型家族Xf和Xg。浣熊犬中人畜共患犬科动物亚型的存在和狐狸中的人畜共患犬科动物亚型的存在表明,这些毛皮动物可能是人类致病性隐孢子虫的潜在水库。
Cryptosporidium spp. are common parasitic pathogens causing diarrhea in humans and various animals. Fur animals are widely farmed in Shandong Province,
China, but the prevalence and genetic identity of Cryptosporidium spp. in them are unclear. In this study, 1,211 fecal samples were collected from 602 minks, 310 raccoon dogs and 299 foxes on two farms in Shandong and analyzed for Cryptosporidium spp. by nested PCR and sequence analyses of the small subunit rRNA gene. The overall infection rate of Cryptosporidium spp. was 31.5% (381/1,211), with a higher infection rate in raccoon dogs (37.7%, 117/310) than in foxes (32.4%, 97/299) and minks (27.7%, 167/602). By age, the highest infection rates of Cryptosporidium spp. were observed in raccoon dogs of 1-2 months, minks of 5-6 months, and foxes of > 12 months. Three Cryptosporidium species and genotypes were detected, including C. canis (n = 279), C. meleagridis (n = 65) and Cryptosporidium mink genotype (n = 37). Among the three major host species, raccoon dogs were infected with C. canis only (n = 117), while foxes were infected with both C. canis (n = 32) and C. meleagridis (n = 65), and minks with C. canis (n = 130) and Cryptosporidium mink genotype (n = 37). Subtyping of C. canis by sequence analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein gene identified eight subtypes. They belonged to two known subtype families, XXa and XXd, and two novel subtype families XXf and XXg, with host adaptation at the subtype family level. Notably, C. canis from foxes was genetically distant from those in other hosts. Further subtyping analysis identified three subtypes (IIIeA21G2R1, IIIeA19G2R1 and IIIeA17G2R1) of C. meleagridis and two novel subtype families Xf and Xg of the Cryptosporidium mink genotype. The presence of zoonotic C. canis subtypes in raccoon dogs and C. meleagridis subtypes in foxes suggests that these fur animals might be potential reservoirs for human-pathogenic Cryptosporidium spp.