宫颈癌是全球威胁女性健康的第三大常见癌症,高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)感染是全球宫颈癌的主要病因。鉴于HR-HPV感染的复发性,准确的筛选对其控制至关重要。由于常用的聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术受到专业设备和人员的限制,仍然非常需要方便和超灵敏的HR-HPV检测方法.作为新的分子检测方法,基于核酸扩增的生物传感器具有灵敏度高的优点,快速操作,和便携性,这有助于农村和偏远地区的即时检测。本文综述了基于多种核酸扩增策略在改良PCR中用于HR-HPV筛查的核酸生物传感器。环介导等温扩增,重组酶聚合酶扩增,杂交链反应,催化发夹组件,和CRISPR/Cas系统。结合微流控技术,侧流测定,电化学分析和其他传感技术,HR-HPV核酸生物传感器具有高通量,响应时间短,高灵敏度和易于操作的领域。虽然还有不足之处,如成本高,重现性差,这种方法将适用于HR-HPV感染或宫颈癌的现场筛查,以及未来在复杂环境和贫困地区的辅助临床诊断.
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer threatening women\'s health globally, and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer worldwide. Given the recurrent nature of HR-HPV infection, accurate screening is essential for its control. Since the commonly used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is limited by professional equipment and personnel, convenient and ultrasensitive detection methods for HR-HPV are still highly needed. As new molecular detection methods, nucleic acid amplification-based biosensors have the advantages of high sensitivity, rapid operation, and portability, which are helpful for point-of-care testing in rural and remote areas. This review summarized nucleic acid biosensors for HR-HPV screening based on a variety of nucleic acid amplification strategies involved in improved PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, recombinase polymerase amplification, hybridization chain reaction, catalyzed hairpin assembly, and CRISPR/Cas systems. In combination with microfluidic technology, lateral flow assays, electrochemical analysis and other sensing technologies, HR-HPV nucleic acid biosensors have the advantages of high throughput, short response time, high sensitivity and easy operation in the field. Although there are still shortcomings, such as high cost and poor reproducibility, this approach will be suitable for on-site screening of HR-HPV infection or cervical cancer and for auxiliary clinical diagnosis in complex environments and poor areas in the future.