“急于得出结论”(JTC)偏见与精神病和一般认知有关,但它们的关系尚不清楚。在这项研究中,我们着手澄清JTC偏差之间的关系,IQ,精神病和精神分裂症和智商的多基因责任。
共有817名首发精神病患者和1294名基于人群的对照组完成了一般智力(IQ)评估,JTC,并提供血液或唾液样本,从中提取DNA并计算智商和精神分裂症的多基因风险评分。
病例/对照差异对智商介导的JTC的总影响的估计比例为79%。精神分裂症多基因风险评分与较高的珠子数量无显着相关(B=0.47,95%CI-0.21至1.16,p=0.17);而智商PRS(B=0.51,95%CI0.25-0.76,p<0.001)显着预测了珠子的数量。因此与JTC偏倚减少有关。JTC与对照组中更高水平的精神病样经历(PLE)密切相关,包括控制智商后(B=-1.7,95%CI-2.8至-0.5,p=0.006),但与患者的妄想无关。
我们的研究结果表明,精神病中的JTC推理偏差可能不是特定的认知缺陷,而是一种表现或后果。一般认知障碍。然而,在普通人群中,JTC偏差与PLE有关,独立于IQ这项工作有可能为早期精神病中针对认知偏见的干预措施提供信息。
The \'jumping to conclusions\' (JTC) bias is associated with both psychosis and general cognition but their relationship is unclear. In this study, we set out to clarify the relationship between the JTC bias, IQ, psychosis and polygenic liability to schizophrenia and IQ.
A total of 817 first episode psychosis patients and 1294 population-based controls completed assessments of general intelligence (IQ), and JTC, and provided blood or saliva samples from which we extracted DNA and computed polygenic risk scores for IQ and schizophrenia.
The estimated proportion of the total effect of case/control differences on JTC mediated by IQ was 79%. Schizophrenia polygenic risk score was non-significantly associated with a higher number of beads drawn (B = 0.47, 95% CI -0.21 to 1.16, p = 0.17); whereas IQ PRS (B = 0.51, 95% CI 0.25-0.76, p < 0.001) significantly predicted the number of beads drawn, and was thus associated with reduced JTC bias. The JTC was more strongly associated with the higher level of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in controls, including after controlling for IQ (B = -1.7, 95% CI -2.8 to -0.5, p = 0.006), but did not relate to delusions in patients.
Our findings suggest that the JTC reasoning bias in psychosis might not be a specific cognitive deficit but rather a manifestation or consequence, of general cognitive impairment. Whereas, in the general population, the JTC bias is related to PLEs, independent of IQ. The work has the potential to inform interventions targeting cognitive biases in early psychosis.