由于极端的生活条件,极端微生物具有独特的形态特征,结构,生理学,生物化学,分子进化机制等。与常规微生物相比,极端微生物在苛刻条件下具有优越的生长和合成能力,允许未灭菌的发酵过程,从而在低成本生产中具有更好的性能。近年来,由于分子生物学的发展和优化,合成生物学和发酵技术,极端微生物的识别和筛选技术有了很大的提高。在这次审查中,我们总结了近年来极端微生物的鉴定和筛选技术,并回顾了它们在工业生物技术中的应用。此外,本综述中收集的事实和观点表明,基于工程极端微生物的下一代工业生物技术(NGIBs)有望简化生物制造过程,建立开放,非灭菌连续发酵生产系统,并利用低成本基质使NGIB具有吸引力和成本效益的生物处理技术实现可持续制造。
Due to the extreme living conditions,
extremophiles have unique characteristics in morphology, structure, physiology, biochemistry, molecular evolution mechanism and so on.
Extremophiles have superior growth and synthesis capabilities under harsh conditions compared to conventional microorganisms, allowing for unsterilized fermentation processes and thus better performance in low-cost production. In recent years, due to the development and optimization of molecular biology, synthetic biology and fermentation technology, the identification and screening technology of
extremophiles has been greatly improved. In this review, we summarize techniques for the identification and screening of
extremophiles and review their applications in industrial biotechnology in recent years. In addition, the facts and perspectives gathered in this review suggest that next-generation industrial biotechnology (NGIBs) based on engineered
extremophiles holds the promise of simplifying biofuturing processes, establishing open, non-sterilized continuous fermentation production systems, and utilizing low-cost substrates to make NGIBs attractive and cost-effective bioprocessing technologies for sustainable manufacturing.